Synthesis and application of an IL-supported diol as protecting group for aldehydes

A new IL-supported diol, 1-（2,3-dihydroxypropyl）-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate has been synthesized and characterized by Fr-IR, ^1H NMR, ^13C NMR and MS （ESI）. Its physical properties such as freezing point, solubility and specific gravity and thermal stability were determined. Synthetic utilities of the resultant diol as a protecting group for aldehydes were also investigated.

Advocating Human Rights Protection by Rule of Law, Supporting Human Rights Undertaking with a Giant Hand——Deep Condolences to Dear Former President Luo Haocai

Chairman Luo Haocai served as the president of CSHRS from 2007 to 2016.During those nine years, he built deep friendships with researchers on human rights.Because President Luo served as vice chairman of the National Committee of CPPCC for a long time, we were used to calling him "Chairman Luo." Chairman Luo was a leader with strategic and overall awareness, a scholar-official, an elder with a young mentality, and a motivator and protector of young people.

Numerical Simulations of Pile Supported Protective System Subjected to Ship Impact

The head-on collision process between ship and concrete pile supported protective system is simulated by software LS-DYNA. The influences of pile non-linearity and soil non-linearity on impact force, ship crush depth and the cap displacement of pile supported protective system are discussed. It's shown that for both severe impact case and non-severe impact case, the non-linearity of pile material influence the impact force history, ship crush depth. The non-linearity of pile material and soil has remarkable influence on the cap displacement especially for severe impact case. These issues should not be ignored in the analysis of pile supported protective system subjected to ship impact.

Analysis of Highway Subgrade Slope Protection and Support Technologies

As an important transportation hub in China,the traffic volume and driving speed are important aspects of expressways.Therefore,the protection requirements for roadbed side slopes are higher,and it is necessary to resist rainwater erosion and other damages by protecting the side slopes.Therefore,it is necessary to adopt effective technical means of subgrade protection and support.This paper mainly summarizes the characteristics of highway subgrade slope protection construction and slope protection and support technologies.

A NEW POLYMER-BOUND 1,2-DIOL AS A PROTECTING AGENT FOR SYMMETRICAL DIALDEHYDE

A novel polymer-bound 1,2-diol, 3-polystyrylsulfonyl-1,2-propanediol (6) had been prepared by the reaction of sodium polystyrylsulfinate with allyl bromide, followed by oxidation and. hydrolysis or directly with 3-chloro-1,2-propanediol in the presence of a phase transfer catalyst, n-tetrabutylammonium iodide. The capacity of resin 6 for terephthaidehyde reached 1.43 mmol/g. The aldehydic groups attached to polymer 6 reacted with hydroxylamine hydrochloride or reduced by sodium borohydride giving p-formylbenzaldoxime (yield: 89%)and p-formyl-benzalcohol (yield: 734%), respectively. The high yields of these polymer-supported reactions showed that the polymer 6 possessed the effective isolation of its reactive sites.

紧邻在建城市轨道交通特别保护区开口基坑支护实践

基坑北侧距离济南市在建城市轨道交通R2线特别保护区仅1.9 m,特别保护区内严禁支护结构进入,务必在该有限的空间内实现支护桩和止水桩的布置,因此济南市常规的桩锚支护体系难以应用。基坑南侧为先开挖到底的居住地块基坑,因其邻近本基坑侧采用放坡支护,导致本基坑在南侧形成开口,难以满足支撑支点设置要求。通过在居住地块侧设置专门的支撑传力结构作为支座,在解决支撑支点设置问题的同时还增加了地下室的实际使用面积,使本基坑成为R2线特别保护区边首个采用钢管支撑的地下2层深基坑,在确保基坑本身安全的同时,满足了R2线的建设控制要求。

Effective removal of the protective ligands from Au nanoclusters by ambient pressure nonthermal plasma treatment for CO oxidation

We used a dielectric barrier discharge(DBD)plasma technique to eliminate the protective ligand of ZnAl-hydrotalcite-supported gold nanoclusters.We used X-ray powder diffraction,ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry,thermogravimetric analysis,and high angle annular dark-field-scanning transmission electron microscopy characterization to show that the samples pretreated with/without DBD-plasma displayed different performances in CO oxidation.The enhanced activity was obtained on the plasma-treated samples,implying that the protective ligand was effectively removed via the plasma technique.The crystal structure of the plasma-treated samples changed markedly,suggesting that the plasma treatment could not only break the chemical bond between the gold and the protective agent but could also decompose the interlayer ions over the hydrotalcite support.The particle sizes of the gold after DBD-plasma treatment implied that it was a good way to control the size of the gold nanoparticles under mild conditions.

Validating the CorrectWearing of Protection Mask by Taking a Selfie:Design of a Mobile Application“CheckYourMask”to Limit the Spread of COVID-19

In a context of a virus that is transmissive by sputtering,wearing masks appear necessary to protect the wearer and to limit the propagation of the disease.Currently,we are facing the 2019-2020 coronavirus pandemic.Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)is an infectious disease with first symptoms similar to the flu.The symptom of COVID-19 was reported first in China and very quickly spreads to the rest of the world.The COVID-19 contagiousness is known to be high by comparison with the flu.In this paper,we propose a design of a mobile application for permitting everyone having a smartphone and being able to take a picture to verify that his/her protection mask is correctly positioned on his/her face.Such application can be particularly useful for people using face protection mask for the first time and notably for children and old people.The designed method exploits Haar-like feature descriptors to detect key features of the face and a decision-making algorithm is applied.Experimental results show the potential of this method in the validation of the correct mask wearing.To the best of our knowledge,our work is the only one that currently proposes a mobile application design“CheckYourMask”for validating the correct wearing of protection mask.

Governance of protected areas: Kara Kara National Park, Victoria

This study explains various modes that can be applied for protected area. It analyses the requirements for good governance of protected area. A study area(Kara Kara National Park) is selected for identifying key challenges for implementing good governance of protected area. The challenges of good governance of protected area were investigated in this paper. The last part is based on the results from the third section and explores the strategies for addressing these challenges.

Reflections on the Guardianship and Support System of the Elderly Under the Background of an Aging Society

China Is aging society poses new challenges to guardianship system in the General Rules of the Civil Law of the People s Republic of China.The General Provisions of the Civil Law adapts to the requirements of the times and makes some important amendments and supplements to the guardianship system,notably the scope of adults with civil disability or limited capacity for civil conduct is no longer limited to people with a mental illness.However,there remain many deficiencies in the regulations.Based on the framework provisions of the existing guardianship system of the General Provisions of Civil Law,in the compilation of the marrage and family provisions in the Civil Code,it is necessary to strengthen the protection of the rights and interests of the elderly in an aging society,further improve the elderly guardianship system,including changing the single pattern of the guardianship system and improving the"dual subject"pattern of adult guardianship and adult support system,expand the scope of protected subject of guardianship,and improve the existing system of intentional custody,adult guardianship system,and guardianship and supervision system.

A Transmission Line Fault Classification Approach by Support Vector Machines

This paper presents an approach for shunt faults detection and classification in transmission line using Support Vector Machine （SVM）. The paper compares between using three line post-fault current samples for one-half cycle and one-fourth cycle from the inception of the fault as inputs for SVM. Two SVMs are used, first SVMabc is used for faulty phase detection and second SVMg is used for ground detection. SVMs with polynomial kernel with different degrees are used to obtain the best classification score. The classification test results show that the proposed method is accurate and reliable.

基于TOE框架的企业创新质量提升路径研究——专利战略化申请视角的分析

创新质量的提升对中国企业来说是实现效益可持续增长和保持竞争力的重要手段。近年来,我国在知识产权保护方面取得了巨大进步,在专利数量与质量层面均呈现出显著的提升趋势。在此背景下,国内企业申请专利的动机不再仅限于技术知识保护的单一目标,还包含了开拓国际市场、建立声誉和增加谈判筹码等。因此,我国企业以多动机并存的方式进行专利布局,而多元化的专利战略化申请动机对企业创新活动与结果产生了异质性影响。以中国医疗制造型上市企业为研究对象,运用模糊集定性比较分析方法(fsQCA),基于技术—组织—环境(TOE)框架,探讨技术(发明专利战略化申请动机)、组织(企业技术知识基础广度与深度)和外部环境(政府经费支持与区域知识产权保护)对企业创新质量的多元影响路径。研究发现:①企业发明专利战略化申请动机、技术知识基础特性以及外部环境之间存在联动匹配的多重并发因果关系,引致企业高创新质量与非高创新质量的组态结果呈现出因果非对称性关系;②引致企业高创新质量的组态路径有技术与组织协同型(P1)及技术—组织—环境耦合型(P2、P3)共3条,以及发明专利战略化申请的阻挡动机与国际市场开拓动机是引致企业高创新质量的关键要素;③企业高创新质量背后涉及多种因素的协同作用,通过多种组合以“殊途同归”的方式提升企业的创新质量。研究结论为企业在不同外部环境与内部知识资源的条件下,根据不同发明专利战略化申请动机,更好地利用知识产权保护以实现创新质量提升提供了理论指导与管理启示。

大食物观背景下中国木本粮油发展研究

木本粮油是人们利用林木的果实通过加工转化而生产的具有粮油功能的食物,它是大食物、大粮食系统的重要组成部分,发展木本粮油不仅能促进习近平总书记关于粮食安全重要论述的贯彻落实,有助于中国的粮食安全和保障供给,而且还能有效地促进“两山理论”的践行、“双碳”目标的实现和农民增收。从合理利用国土资源和大粮食、大食物的角度出发,积极发展木本粮油,充分利用其不与粮争地的特点,有利于协调生产与资源环境保护之间的矛盾,有利于改变人们的食物结构和提高粮食自给保障供给能力,有利于协调农民增收和保障国家粮食安全的关系,为中国的粮食安全和保障供给开辟新领域。同时,要充分认识其发展的机遇和优势,正视其发展中的问题,采取政策支持保护、组织创新和科技创新、全产业链优化等对策措施,促进其发展,以便切实贯彻大食物观和保障国家粮食安全。

锚索丝轴向受力-破断能量聚散演化与吸能防护机理

针对深部高应力巷道顶板锚索在拉伸、剪切、扭转等复合作用下,积聚应变能瞬间释放,引发锚索抽丝破断弹射事故,严重影响煤矿安全生产。以张集矿1421(3)锚索支护巷道为工程背景,运用理论分析、数值模拟、实验室试验相结合的研究方法,揭示锚索-围岩能量孕育演化机制与锚索防护装置吸能防护机理。结果表明:由锚索丝单轴拉伸试验与全量本构模型得到锚索丝破断应变能密度为55 MJ/m^(3),锚索丝破断弹射释放能量与锚索丝破断长度、轴力、直径呈正相关。根据数值模拟,锚索距顶板0.6 m处剪切应力集中,易发生锚索抽丝破断弹射,长度0.8 m锚索丝弹射初速度为102 m/s。通过仿真模拟结合强度理论,原方案锚索吸能防护装置冲击荷载极限为20 m/s,增加锚索防护装置底座护壁使冲击荷载极限提升至200 m/s,有效解决锚索丝冲击防护装置偏转失效问题。基于锚索防护装置静态拉伸试验与自由落体冲击试验对数值模拟结果进行可靠性验证,获得防护装置最大吸能阈值为1189 J;无护壁防护装置弹簧底座在冲击力作用下产生侧向偏移,弹簧底部剪切破坏;增加弹簧底座护壁,可有效约束底座偏移,充分发挥弹簧拉伸吸能特性,防止弹簧剪切损伤后失效,试验结果与数值模拟结果相符。研究成果为同规格锚索巷道支护设计、锚索抽丝破断弹射与防护提供借鉴。

一种具有避障保护功能的移动机器人的设计

一种具有避障保护功能的移动机器人,主要包括基体、前防护板、滚筒、后防护板、支撑杆组。该具有避障保护功能的移动机器人,设置有滚筒和支撑杆组,当移动机器人遇到突然出现的障碍物时,通过滚筒进行滚动导向消能,减小撞击产生的冲击力,同时前防护板受到撞击向侧槽中收缩移动时,带动第一支撑杆以及第二支撑杆进行转动,使得套块沿连接轴进行滑动,通过第二弹簧的弹性作用力对冲击力进行缓冲,避免撞击产生的冲击力过大时,对机器人的内部零件造成损坏,起到缓冲避障保护的效果。

水下爆炸载荷下柔性支撑板架结构防护效能快速预报与优化方法

为实现柔性支撑板架结构在水下爆炸下防护效能的快速评估和设计优化,基于高置信度仿真,建立了水下爆炸作用下柔性支撑板架防护效能的评估方法并开展试验验证。采用验证后的高置信度仿真方法生成样本工况数据,并通过径向基神经网络模型构建能快速评估柔性支撑板架结构防护效能的代理模型。结合多岛遗传算法对建立的代理模型进行防护结构高防护效能和轻量化的多目标优化并获取最优结构参数。建立的快速预报与优化方法可以为相关的结构设计优化提供重要的技术支撑。

临床护士乳腺癌筛查保护动机现状及影响因素分析

目的调查安徽省临床护士乳腺癌筛查保护动机现状,并分析其影响因素。方法于2022年9-10月采用便利抽样法选取安徽省864名临床护士作为研究对象,采用一般资料调查表、乳腺癌意识量表、健康信念量表、护士组织支持感量表和乳腺癌筛查保护动机量表进行调查,并对数据进行分析。结果864名临床护士乳腺癌筛查保护动机总分为(53.51±6.87)分,条目均分为(3.15±0.40)分。乳腺癌意识得分、健康信念得分、护士组织支持感得分与乳腺癌筛查保护动机得分均呈正相关(r分别为0.264、0.362、0.178,均P<0.01)。多元回归分析结果显示,亲属是否患乳腺癌、乳腺癌意识、健康信念和护士组织支持感是乳腺癌筛查保护动机的影响因素,共解释乳腺癌筛查保护动机总变异的19.8%。结论临床护士乳腺癌筛查保护动机处于中等水平,有待进一步提升。医院管理者应注重提高临床护士乳腺癌预防意识,改善健康信念水平,给予临床护士充足的组织支持,进而提高其乳腺癌筛查保护动机水平。

心理援助热线自杀者亲友自杀意念的危险因素

目的探索心理援助热线自杀者亲友自杀意念的危险因素。方法纳入2009-2023年北京市心理援助热线中的自杀者亲友来电,通过询问来电者2周内是否有自杀想法来评估来电者当下是否有自杀意念。收集来电者的一般人口学资料,采用抑郁症诊断筛查量表评估来电者的抑郁程度,通过访谈评估痛苦感、希望感、自杀未遂史以及生活事件等自杀相关因素。采用logistic回归分析来电者自杀意念的危险因素。结果共纳入360例自杀者亲友来电。50.3%(181例)来电者报告该次来电前2周内有自杀意念。受教育年限(OR=0.86,95%CI:0.79~0.94)、高希望感(OR=0.19,95%CI:0.11~0.32)是来电者自杀意念的保护因素,而自杀未遂史(OR=2.01,95%CI:1.20~3.36)、高痛苦感(OR=3.28,95%CI:1.92~5.61)、高抑郁情绪(OR=1.73,95%CI:1.05~2.84)是来电者自杀意念的独立危险因素。结论心理援助热线自杀者亲友的自杀未遂史、高痛苦感、高抑郁情绪是自身自杀意念的危险因素。

引水隧洞塌方段综合支护技术研究与应用

分析了左江治旱驮英水库及灌区工程驮楼~广沙隧洞在开挖过程中出现的塌方问题,认为其主要原因为复杂地质条件下的岩层破碎带和支护不足。为确保施工安全,提出了综合支护技术方案,包括堆渣堵孔护坡、围岩变形监测、大小管棚支护、钢拱架支护、塌方清运、底板软基清理及垫层混凝土施工和回填灌浆等。通过循环进尺施工方法,有效控制了施工过程中的安全性和稳定性,确保了工程的顺利进行。

适应新型电力系统的继电保护综合评价方法

我国新型电力系统安全可靠运行高度依赖第一道防线的继电保护设备,综合评判继电保护运行水平具有重要意义。针对继电保护构造复杂、运行状态影响因素多以及不同评价指标权重确定难题,该文在充分借鉴现有运行评价指标的基础上,提出了装备水平、运行状态、维修性、保障性和专业管理规范性5方面评价要素,并基于构型理论掌握了不同要素间的关系,通过支持向量机剔除了冗余指标,得出继电保护综合评价体系。在主观赋权与客观赋权结果基础上,应用样本评价结果序列的正态分布拟合优度,提出了对加法合成、乘法合成的组合系数进行优化的方法,使主、客观信息达到统一。继电保护综合评价指标体系的构建以及指标权重的科学计算为继电保护运行管理提供重要参考依据。