Stem rust,caused by Puccinia graminis f.sp.tritici(Pgt),threatens global wheat production.Development of cultivars with increased resistance to stem rust by identification,mapping,and deployment of resistance genes is...Stem rust,caused by Puccinia graminis f.sp.tritici(Pgt),threatens global wheat production.Development of cultivars with increased resistance to stem rust by identification,mapping,and deployment of resistance genes is the best strategy for controlling the disease.In this study,we performed fine mapping and characterization of the all-stage stem rust resistance(Sr)gene Sr8155B1 from the durum wheat line 8155-B1.In seedling tests of biparental populations,Sr8155B1 was effective against six Chinese Pgt races tested.In a segregating population of 5060 gametes,Sr8155B1 was mapped to a 0.06-cM region flanked by markers Pku2772 and Pku43365,corresponding to 1.5-and 2.7-Mb regions in the Svevo and Chinese Spring reference genomes.Both regions include several typical nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat(NLR)and protein kinase genes that represent candidate genes.Among them,three NLR genes and three receptor-like protein kinases were highly polymorphic between the parental lines and their transcripts were upregulated in the homozygous resistant line TdR2 relative to its susceptible sister line TdS4.Four markers(Pku2772,Pku43365,Pku2950,and Pku3721)developed in this study,together with seedling resistance responses,correctly predicted Sr8155B1 absence or presence in 78 tetraploid wheat genotypes tested.The presence of Sr8155B1 in tetraploid wheat accessions CItr 14916,PI 197492,and PI 197493 was confirmed by mapping in three F_(2)populations.The genetic map and linked markers developed in this study may accelerate the deployment of Sr8155B1-mediated resistance in wheat breeding programs.展开更多
Barium metaborate (BaB 2O 4) exists in two forms the high temperature for m α phase and the low temperature form β phase,with the phase transition poi nt at around 925℃.The low temperature phase (β BBO) is an exce...Barium metaborate (BaB 2O 4) exists in two forms the high temperature for m α phase and the low temperature form β phase,with the phase transition poi nt at around 925℃.The low temperature phase (β BBO) is an excellent NLO cryst al for UV region,while the high temperature one (α BBO) is known as a good bir efringent material.α BBO crystal possesses better transparency in the ultravio let region compared with commonly used YVO 4 and CaCO 3 crystals.However,due t o phase transition problem,it is difficult to grow single α BBO crystals by D CZ method,which restricts its wider application.α BBO crystal usually cracks upon cooling resulted from phase transition to β phase.Therefore,it is difficult to grow β BBO single crystals directly from pure BaB 2O 4 mel t;however,to grow single crystals of α BBO is not easy,either. Our recent experiments showed that one could avoid cracking of α BBO cryst als by Sr 2+ doping.This minute amount of Sr 2+ plays the role of structure stabilizer,which inhibits structural reconstruction. In this way,Sr 2+ d op ed BBO single crystals do not subject to phase transition from 925℃ down to roo m temperature. We have mow successfully grown out α BBO single crystals 30mm in diameter by D CZ method from Sr x Ba 1- x BO 4 melt with Sr concentration 0.3 0 .5%.The ratation rate is 10 15r/min,pulling speed is 1 2mm/h.Preliminary tests revealed that its structure and physic chemical properties were almost identic al to those grown from pure melts.These Sr 2+ doped α BBO crystals are no w being widely used in optical isolators.展开更多
目的:使用流体力学方法向人肝癌裸鼠原位移植瘤转染含突变型IκBα的重组逆转录病毒质粒pBABE-puro-IκBα super repressor(pBABE-puro-IκBαSR),观察其对移植瘤生长的作用及其相关机制。方法:使用人肝癌细胞株MHCC97-H、MHCC97-L,建...目的:使用流体力学方法向人肝癌裸鼠原位移植瘤转染含突变型IκBα的重组逆转录病毒质粒pBABE-puro-IκBα super repressor(pBABE-puro-IκBαSR),观察其对移植瘤生长的作用及其相关机制。方法:使用人肝癌细胞株MHCC97-H、MHCC97-L,建立裸鼠人肝癌原位移植瘤模型,将荷瘤鼠分为MHCC97-H组(对照组)、MHCC97-H+IκBαSR组(转染组)、MHCC97-L组(对照组)和MHCC97-L+IκBαSR组(转染组),1周后,使用流体力学方法通过尾静脉向对照组注射pBABE-puro空载体质粒,向转染组注射pBABE-puro-IκBαSR质粒。每周1次,共3次。观察荷瘤鼠的生存率,检测原位移植瘤块的大小、重量、以及转移瘤数目,使用全自动生化检测仪检测血清中丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)水平。采用免疫组化SP法分析核因子(NF)-κBp65蛋白表达,使用Westernblot检测总蛋白中IκBα蛋白含量。结果:pBABE-puro-IκBαSR质粒显著提高荷瘤小鼠的生存率,转染组肿瘤的体积、重量显著小于对照组,抑瘤率分别为29.3%和33.0%(均P<0.05);转染组荷瘤小鼠ALT和AST显著低于对照组(均P<0.05);NF-κBp65在对照组胞浆中及在细胞核中均呈强阳性表达,在转染组胞浆中呈浅棕色,为弱阳性表达,胞核中极少或没有阳性表达,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01)。Western blot结果显示,转染组IκBα表达水平高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:通过流体力学方法向人肝癌原位移植瘤转染突变型IκBαSR质粒,可以抑制移植瘤的生长。其机制可能是IκBαSR抑制了NF-κB的活化。展开更多
基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFD1201300)the Key R&D Program of Shandong Province(ZR202211070163)+1 种基金the Provincial Natural Science Foundation of Shandong(ZR2021ZD30,ZR2021MC056)the Young Taishan Scholars Program of Shandong Province.
文摘Stem rust,caused by Puccinia graminis f.sp.tritici(Pgt),threatens global wheat production.Development of cultivars with increased resistance to stem rust by identification,mapping,and deployment of resistance genes is the best strategy for controlling the disease.In this study,we performed fine mapping and characterization of the all-stage stem rust resistance(Sr)gene Sr8155B1 from the durum wheat line 8155-B1.In seedling tests of biparental populations,Sr8155B1 was effective against six Chinese Pgt races tested.In a segregating population of 5060 gametes,Sr8155B1 was mapped to a 0.06-cM region flanked by markers Pku2772 and Pku43365,corresponding to 1.5-and 2.7-Mb regions in the Svevo and Chinese Spring reference genomes.Both regions include several typical nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat(NLR)and protein kinase genes that represent candidate genes.Among them,three NLR genes and three receptor-like protein kinases were highly polymorphic between the parental lines and their transcripts were upregulated in the homozygous resistant line TdR2 relative to its susceptible sister line TdS4.Four markers(Pku2772,Pku43365,Pku2950,and Pku3721)developed in this study,together with seedling resistance responses,correctly predicted Sr8155B1 absence or presence in 78 tetraploid wheat genotypes tested.The presence of Sr8155B1 in tetraploid wheat accessions CItr 14916,PI 197492,and PI 197493 was confirmed by mapping in three F_(2)populations.The genetic map and linked markers developed in this study may accelerate the deployment of Sr8155B1-mediated resistance in wheat breeding programs.
文摘Barium metaborate (BaB 2O 4) exists in two forms the high temperature for m α phase and the low temperature form β phase,with the phase transition poi nt at around 925℃.The low temperature phase (β BBO) is an excellent NLO cryst al for UV region,while the high temperature one (α BBO) is known as a good bir efringent material.α BBO crystal possesses better transparency in the ultravio let region compared with commonly used YVO 4 and CaCO 3 crystals.However,due t o phase transition problem,it is difficult to grow single α BBO crystals by D CZ method,which restricts its wider application.α BBO crystal usually cracks upon cooling resulted from phase transition to β phase.Therefore,it is difficult to grow β BBO single crystals directly from pure BaB 2O 4 mel t;however,to grow single crystals of α BBO is not easy,either. Our recent experiments showed that one could avoid cracking of α BBO cryst als by Sr 2+ doping.This minute amount of Sr 2+ plays the role of structure stabilizer,which inhibits structural reconstruction. In this way,Sr 2+ d op ed BBO single crystals do not subject to phase transition from 925℃ down to roo m temperature. We have mow successfully grown out α BBO single crystals 30mm in diameter by D CZ method from Sr x Ba 1- x BO 4 melt with Sr concentration 0.3 0 .5%.The ratation rate is 10 15r/min,pulling speed is 1 2mm/h.Preliminary tests revealed that its structure and physic chemical properties were almost identic al to those grown from pure melts.These Sr 2+ doped α BBO crystals are no w being widely used in optical isolators.
文摘目的:使用流体力学方法向人肝癌裸鼠原位移植瘤转染含突变型IκBα的重组逆转录病毒质粒pBABE-puro-IκBα super repressor(pBABE-puro-IκBαSR),观察其对移植瘤生长的作用及其相关机制。方法:使用人肝癌细胞株MHCC97-H、MHCC97-L,建立裸鼠人肝癌原位移植瘤模型,将荷瘤鼠分为MHCC97-H组(对照组)、MHCC97-H+IκBαSR组(转染组)、MHCC97-L组(对照组)和MHCC97-L+IκBαSR组(转染组),1周后,使用流体力学方法通过尾静脉向对照组注射pBABE-puro空载体质粒,向转染组注射pBABE-puro-IκBαSR质粒。每周1次,共3次。观察荷瘤鼠的生存率,检测原位移植瘤块的大小、重量、以及转移瘤数目,使用全自动生化检测仪检测血清中丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)水平。采用免疫组化SP法分析核因子(NF)-κBp65蛋白表达,使用Westernblot检测总蛋白中IκBα蛋白含量。结果:pBABE-puro-IκBαSR质粒显著提高荷瘤小鼠的生存率,转染组肿瘤的体积、重量显著小于对照组,抑瘤率分别为29.3%和33.0%(均P<0.05);转染组荷瘤小鼠ALT和AST显著低于对照组(均P<0.05);NF-κBp65在对照组胞浆中及在细胞核中均呈强阳性表达,在转染组胞浆中呈浅棕色,为弱阳性表达,胞核中极少或没有阳性表达,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01)。Western blot结果显示,转染组IκBα表达水平高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:通过流体力学方法向人肝癌原位移植瘤转染突变型IκBαSR质粒,可以抑制移植瘤的生长。其机制可能是IκBαSR抑制了NF-κB的活化。
