The precursors of La0.7Sr0.3-xCaxCo0.9Fe0.1O3-δ(LSCCF, x=0.05, 0.10, 0.15, 0.20) as the cathode materials for intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cell (ITSOFC) were prepared by reverse titration co-precipitatio...The precursors of La0.7Sr0.3-xCaxCo0.9Fe0.1O3-δ(LSCCF, x=0.05, 0.10, 0.15, 0.20) as the cathode materials for intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cell (ITSOFC) were prepared by reverse titration co-precipitation method with metal-nitrates as starting materials and mixed alkali (NaOH and Na2CO3) as a precipitating agent. The formation process of LSCCF from the precursors was monitored by TG-DSC, and the crystal structure and particles morphology of the precursors which were calcined at 600, 800, 1000 ℃ for 3 h were characterized using XRD, SEM technologies. Compared with the solid state reaction of constituent oxides, when the pH value of the precipitating solution was in the range of 9.1～9.5, the LSCCF powders from the precursors caclined at 800 ℃ for 3 h had high purity, homogeneous and single perovskite phase. The electrical conductivity of the LSCCF samples sintered at 1200 ℃ for 3 h, which was measured as a function of temperatures from 100 to 800 ℃ by DC four-probe method in air, decreased with x from 0.05 to 0.20. The value of electrical conductivity was almost equal because of Ca2+, Sr2+ co-dopant resulting in the 'mix effect' while x=0.10 or 0.15. The electrical conductivity of all doped samples was higher than 100 S·cm-1 at intermediate temperatures from 500 to 800 ℃, and there was good compatibility between the LSCCF cathode and Ce0.8Sm0.2O2 electrolyte.展开更多
With substitution of La by Tb in (La_(1-x)Tb_x)_(0.67)Sr_(0.33)MnO_3, the room temperature magnetoresistance △R/R_0drops at first, then undergoes an increase near x≈0.1, and finally drops again. The value of room te...With substitution of La by Tb in (La_(1-x)Tb_x)_(0.67)Sr_(0.33)MnO_3, the room temperature magnetoresistance △R/R_0drops at first, then undergoes an increase near x≈0.1, and finally drops again. The value of room temperaturemagnetoresistance at a field H=12 kOe for (La_(0.9)Tb_(0.1))_(0.67)Sr_(0.33)MnO_3 is -3.56%. The enhancement of the roomtemperature magnetoresistance induced by an appropriate Tb substitution in (La_(1-x)Tb_x)_(0.67)Sr_(0.33)MnO_3 is correlatedwith the shifts of the Curie temperature and metal-insulator temperature to near room temperature. The drop ofthe room temperature magnetoresistance at large Tb doping-contents may be due to its lower T_C and T_(MI) far fromthe room temperature.展开更多
In an effort to improve the performance of superconductors in the field and high temperatures it is important to study the superconducting mechanism. For this reason, the cation substitution can be conducted. One of t...In an effort to improve the performance of superconductors in the field and high temperatures it is important to study the superconducting mechanism. For this reason, the cation substitution can be conducted. One of the high Tc superconductors Gd1Ba2Cu3O7−δ phase with Sr substitution has been synthesized, i.e. Gd1(Ba2−xSrx)Cu3O7−δ compound. The sample was synthesized by using a solid-state reaction method with a wet mixing, sintered for 12 hours at temperature 900°C. The synthesis results are characterized by using XRD. The results of Match-3 software analysis showed high (higher 85%) Gd1Ba2Cu3O7−δ phase was formed. The Sr substitution causes changes to the structure, i.e. the lattice parameters a, b and c, where the orthorhombicity tends to decrease with increasing Sr content. Refinement results show that based on the oxygen occupancy, the total oxygen content tends to increase.展开更多
Pb_(x)Sr_(1-x)TiO_(3)(x=0.30,0.35,0.40,0.45,0.50 and 0.55)ceramics were fabricated by a solid-state reaction route.Xeray diffraction data at room temperature show PST samples shift from cubic to tetragonal phase with ...Pb_(x)Sr_(1-x)TiO_(3)(x=0.30,0.35,0.40,0.45,0.50 and 0.55)ceramics were fabricated by a solid-state reaction route.Xeray diffraction data at room temperature show PST samples shift from cubic to tetragonal phase with the increase of Pb^(2+) content.The microstructures were observed by scanning electron microscopy.Dielectric measurement was employed to investigate the ferroelectriceparaelectric phase transition behavior.Temperature dependent polarizationeelectric field hysteresis loops were conducted to study the electrocaloric effect(ECE)of the ferroelectric ceramics by indirect methods over a wide temperature range.Direct measurement of temperature change(DT)at room temperature for all samples can achieve 0.79e1.86 K.What's more,a giant ECE(△T=2.05 K,EC strength(△T/△E)=0.51×10^(-6) K m/V,under 40 kV/cm)was obtained in the sample of x=0.35 near phase transition temperature.Our results suggest that the ceramics are promising cooling materials with excellent EC properties for energy related applications.展开更多
A simple composite Sr_(1-x)Nd_(x)MnO_(3)(x=0,0.05,0.1,0.15,0.2) nano powders were successfully prepared by the sol-gel method as a light-weight broadband electromagnetic wave absorber.The effect of Nd^(3+)doping on th...A simple composite Sr_(1-x)Nd_(x)MnO_(3)(x=0,0.05,0.1,0.15,0.2) nano powders were successfully prepared by the sol-gel method as a light-weight broadband electromagnetic wave absorber.The effect of Nd^(3+)doping on the structure,microstructure and properties of SrMnO_(3) was investigated.It is found that with the doping of Nd^(3+),the space group of the SrMnO_(3) changes from p63/mmc to pm3m,and the crystalline shape starts to change from hexagonal to cubic crystalline.Scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller(BET) tests confirm that the particle sizes of the sample decrease and the specific surface area increases,which are attributed to the inhibition of grain growth after Nd^(3+)is doped.X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS) shows that after Nd^(3+)doping,the content of oxygen vacancy increases,and Mn^(4+) converts to Mn^(3+).Due to the defects of the materials,the polarization effect is enhanced,thus,the dielectric and magnetic properties of the doped samples are improved.The maximum reflection loss of the Sr_(0.85)Nd_(0.15)MnO_(3) is-33.41 dB at 7.84 GHz for a thickness of 2.4 mm,while Sr_(0.9)Nd_(0.1)MnO_(3) has the best bandwidth performance at 2.32 GHz with a reflection loss below-10dB.展开更多
The study aims to investigate the structural and dielectric properties of perovskite La_(1-x)Sr_(x)FeO_(3)(x=0.1,0.2,0.3,and 0.4)synthesized by solgel and sintering methods.X-ray diffraction(XRD),transmission electron...The study aims to investigate the structural and dielectric properties of perovskite La_(1-x)Sr_(x)FeO_(3)(x=0.1,0.2,0.3,and 0.4)synthesized by solgel and sintering methods.X-ray diffraction(XRD),transmission electron microscopy(TEM),and LCR-Meter were used to identify the phase,crystallography parameters,morphology,particle size,and electrical behavior of the synthesized perovskite materials.The samples showed a single-phase orthorhombic crystal structure with Pbnm space group.Sr-substitution induced the volume unit cell and crystallite size to decrease.The synthesized nanoparticles were uniform and homogeneous with the particle size less than 200 nm.Impedance spectroscopy(IS)was used to explain the electrical behavior as a function of frequency(100 Hz to 1 MHz)at various temperatures(300–373 K).The presence of small polarons as charge carriers within the grain and grain boundary were elucidated from the electrical conductivity experiments.Sr-substitution caused the dielectric constant and electronic conductivity to increase with the highest values obtained from La_(1-x)Sr_(x)FeO_(3)(x=0.4).展开更多
Lead strontium titanate(Sr_(1-x)Pbx)TiO_(3)(0.20≤x≤0.45,step=0.05)ceramics were prepared by conventional mixed oxide method.The X-ray diffraction patterns indicate that the prepared samples have perovskite-type stru...Lead strontium titanate(Sr_(1-x)Pbx)TiO_(3)(0.20≤x≤0.45,step=0.05)ceramics were prepared by conventional mixed oxide method.The X-ray diffraction patterns indicate that the prepared samples have perovskite-type structure.With the increase of Pb content,there is a tendency from the cubic to tetragonal structure.The scanning electron microscopy micrographs reveal that the addition of Pb can affect microstructure.The dependent temperature dielectric permittivity and dielectric loss were investigated in the frequency range from 100 Hz to 1MHz.The maximum peak of the dielectric permittivity versus temperature curve was broadened and a frequency dispersion of the dielectric permittivity was observed for the(Sr_(0.8)Pb_(0.2))TiO_(3)ceramics.The results obtained at the frequency of 10 kHz reveal the Curie temperature linearly increased with the lead content.Thefitted curves of temperature versus inverse dielectric permittivity at 10 kHz for(Sr_(1-x)Pbx)TiO_(3)ceramics are consistent with Curie-Weiss law.The Pyroelectric properties were also investigated.The high pyroelectric coe±cients andfigure of merits indicate that the SPT ceramics are potential materials for pyroelectric sensors.展开更多
The powders of lead-free material namely(nonhazardous)barium strontium titanate(BST)with different stoichiometric compo-sitions have been synthesized by the sol-gel method.Ba_(1−x)Sr_(x)TiO_(3)(BST)materials possess t...The powders of lead-free material namely(nonhazardous)barium strontium titanate(BST)with different stoichiometric compo-sitions have been synthesized by the sol-gel method.Ba_(1−x)Sr_(x)TiO_(3)(BST)materials possess the properties of both ferroelectric and dielectric materials.These materials have spontaneous polarization that can be reversed by an applied electric field and they remain polarized even when the applied external electric field is removed.Synthesized samples have been subjected to structural,morphological,and dielectric characterizations.In this study,BST nanopowders with different substitutions of x(where x=0.2,0.3,0.4,0.5,and 0.6)were prepared by the sol-gel method,which is an easy method with low power consumption and low tem-perature requirement and produces higher yield.Nanopowders had average particle sizes of 12-24 nm and particles sizes after sintering at 1000°C for 3 h were 197,267,79.80,63.09,and 63 nm.All resulting pellets had a polycrystalline structure.Crystal structure,space group,morphological characterization,and particle size were determined from the structural analysis using X-ray powder diffraction(XRD),energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(EDX),and scanning electron microscopy(SEM).The dielec-tric measurements were made for BST pellets under different frequencies(1-200 kHz)from room temperature to 250℃.The dielectric constants for the bulk were 743,1566,1091,766,and 626 for x=0.2,0.3,0.4,0.5,and 0.6,respectively.From dielectric measurements,samples with x=0.2 and 0.3 had the Curie temperatures of 70℃ and 28.5℃,respectively,and remained intact below 0℃.The sample with x=0.3 had a good dielectric measurement and moderate dissipation factor;it may be used in capac-itance application as energy stores.展开更多
基金the National High-Tech Development Plan (2006AA05Z417)the Natural Science Foundation of Lia-oning Province (20062145)the Education department of Liaoning Province (05L073)
文摘The precursors of La0.7Sr0.3-xCaxCo0.9Fe0.1O3-δ(LSCCF, x=0.05, 0.10, 0.15, 0.20) as the cathode materials for intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cell (ITSOFC) were prepared by reverse titration co-precipitation method with metal-nitrates as starting materials and mixed alkali (NaOH and Na2CO3) as a precipitating agent. The formation process of LSCCF from the precursors was monitored by TG-DSC, and the crystal structure and particles morphology of the precursors which were calcined at 600, 800, 1000 ℃ for 3 h were characterized using XRD, SEM technologies. Compared with the solid state reaction of constituent oxides, when the pH value of the precipitating solution was in the range of 9.1～9.5, the LSCCF powders from the precursors caclined at 800 ℃ for 3 h had high purity, homogeneous and single perovskite phase. The electrical conductivity of the LSCCF samples sintered at 1200 ℃ for 3 h, which was measured as a function of temperatures from 100 to 800 ℃ by DC four-probe method in air, decreased with x from 0.05 to 0.20. The value of electrical conductivity was almost equal because of Ca2+, Sr2+ co-dopant resulting in the 'mix effect' while x=0.10 or 0.15. The electrical conductivity of all doped samples was higher than 100 S·cm-1 at intermediate temperatures from 500 to 800 ℃, and there was good compatibility between the LSCCF cathode and Ce0.8Sm0.2O2 electrolyte.
文摘With substitution of La by Tb in (La_(1-x)Tb_x)_(0.67)Sr_(0.33)MnO_3, the room temperature magnetoresistance △R/R_0drops at first, then undergoes an increase near x≈0.1, and finally drops again. The value of room temperaturemagnetoresistance at a field H=12 kOe for (La_(0.9)Tb_(0.1))_(0.67)Sr_(0.33)MnO_3 is -3.56%. The enhancement of the roomtemperature magnetoresistance induced by an appropriate Tb substitution in (La_(1-x)Tb_x)_(0.67)Sr_(0.33)MnO_3 is correlatedwith the shifts of the Curie temperature and metal-insulator temperature to near room temperature. The drop ofthe room temperature magnetoresistance at large Tb doping-contents may be due to its lower T_C and T_(MI) far fromthe room temperature.
基金This report is part of the fundamental research report with contract No.486 127/UN14.2/PNL.01.03.00/2016.
文摘In an effort to improve the performance of superconductors in the field and high temperatures it is important to study the superconducting mechanism. For this reason, the cation substitution can be conducted. One of the high Tc superconductors Gd1Ba2Cu3O7−δ phase with Sr substitution has been synthesized, i.e. Gd1(Ba2−xSrx)Cu3O7−δ compound. The sample was synthesized by using a solid-state reaction method with a wet mixing, sintered for 12 hours at temperature 900°C. The synthesis results are characterized by using XRD. The results of Match-3 software analysis showed high (higher 85%) Gd1Ba2Cu3O7−δ phase was formed. The Sr substitution causes changes to the structure, i.e. the lattice parameters a, b and c, where the orthorhombicity tends to decrease with increasing Sr content. Refinement results show that based on the oxygen occupancy, the total oxygen content tends to increase.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11574057 and 51604087)the Guangdong Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.2016A030313718)the Science and Technology Program of Guangdong Province of China(Grant Nos.2016A010104018,and 2017A010104022).
文摘Pb_(x)Sr_(1-x)TiO_(3)(x=0.30,0.35,0.40,0.45,0.50 and 0.55)ceramics were fabricated by a solid-state reaction route.Xeray diffraction data at room temperature show PST samples shift from cubic to tetragonal phase with the increase of Pb^(2+) content.The microstructures were observed by scanning electron microscopy.Dielectric measurement was employed to investigate the ferroelectriceparaelectric phase transition behavior.Temperature dependent polarizationeelectric field hysteresis loops were conducted to study the electrocaloric effect(ECE)of the ferroelectric ceramics by indirect methods over a wide temperature range.Direct measurement of temperature change(DT)at room temperature for all samples can achieve 0.79e1.86 K.What's more,a giant ECE(△T=2.05 K,EC strength(△T/△E)=0.51×10^(-6) K m/V,under 40 kV/cm)was obtained in the sample of x=0.35 near phase transition temperature.Our results suggest that the ceramics are promising cooling materials with excellent EC properties for energy related applications.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51861006)Guangxi Science and Technology Project(AD19110010)。
文摘A simple composite Sr_(1-x)Nd_(x)MnO_(3)(x=0,0.05,0.1,0.15,0.2) nano powders were successfully prepared by the sol-gel method as a light-weight broadband electromagnetic wave absorber.The effect of Nd^(3+)doping on the structure,microstructure and properties of SrMnO_(3) was investigated.It is found that with the doping of Nd^(3+),the space group of the SrMnO_(3) changes from p63/mmc to pm3m,and the crystalline shape starts to change from hexagonal to cubic crystalline.Scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller(BET) tests confirm that the particle sizes of the sample decrease and the specific surface area increases,which are attributed to the inhibition of grain growth after Nd^(3+)is doped.X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS) shows that after Nd^(3+)doping,the content of oxygen vacancy increases,and Mn^(4+) converts to Mn^(3+).Due to the defects of the materials,the polarization effect is enhanced,thus,the dielectric and magnetic properties of the doped samples are improved.The maximum reflection loss of the Sr_(0.85)Nd_(0.15)MnO_(3) is-33.41 dB at 7.84 GHz for a thickness of 2.4 mm,while Sr_(0.9)Nd_(0.1)MnO_(3) has the best bandwidth performance at 2.32 GHz with a reflection loss below-10dB.
基金Ministry of TechnologyResearch and Higher Education of Republic of Indonesiaunder KLN Grant No. 537/UN2.R3.1/HKP05.00/2018.
文摘The study aims to investigate the structural and dielectric properties of perovskite La_(1-x)Sr_(x)FeO_(3)(x=0.1,0.2,0.3,and 0.4)synthesized by solgel and sintering methods.X-ray diffraction(XRD),transmission electron microscopy(TEM),and LCR-Meter were used to identify the phase,crystallography parameters,morphology,particle size,and electrical behavior of the synthesized perovskite materials.The samples showed a single-phase orthorhombic crystal structure with Pbnm space group.Sr-substitution induced the volume unit cell and crystallite size to decrease.The synthesized nanoparticles were uniform and homogeneous with the particle size less than 200 nm.Impedance spectroscopy(IS)was used to explain the electrical behavior as a function of frequency(100 Hz to 1 MHz)at various temperatures(300–373 K).The presence of small polarons as charge carriers within the grain and grain boundary were elucidated from the electrical conductivity experiments.Sr-substitution caused the dielectric constant and electronic conductivity to increase with the highest values obtained from La_(1-x)Sr_(x)FeO_(3)(x=0.4).
基金supported by the Major Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.1103201)Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province for innovation group(Grant No.09JJ7004)the Opening Project Program of Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Materials and Ap-plication Technology(Xiangtan University),Min-istry of Education,China(Grant No.DWKF0804).
文摘Lead strontium titanate(Sr_(1-x)Pbx)TiO_(3)(0.20≤x≤0.45,step=0.05)ceramics were prepared by conventional mixed oxide method.The X-ray diffraction patterns indicate that the prepared samples have perovskite-type structure.With the increase of Pb content,there is a tendency from the cubic to tetragonal structure.The scanning electron microscopy micrographs reveal that the addition of Pb can affect microstructure.The dependent temperature dielectric permittivity and dielectric loss were investigated in the frequency range from 100 Hz to 1MHz.The maximum peak of the dielectric permittivity versus temperature curve was broadened and a frequency dispersion of the dielectric permittivity was observed for the(Sr_(0.8)Pb_(0.2))TiO_(3)ceramics.The results obtained at the frequency of 10 kHz reveal the Curie temperature linearly increased with the lead content.Thefitted curves of temperature versus inverse dielectric permittivity at 10 kHz for(Sr_(1-x)Pbx)TiO_(3)ceramics are consistent with Curie-Weiss law.The Pyroelectric properties were also investigated.The high pyroelectric coe±cients andfigure of merits indicate that the SPT ceramics are potential materials for pyroelectric sensors.
文摘The powders of lead-free material namely(nonhazardous)barium strontium titanate(BST)with different stoichiometric compo-sitions have been synthesized by the sol-gel method.Ba_(1−x)Sr_(x)TiO_(3)(BST)materials possess the properties of both ferroelectric and dielectric materials.These materials have spontaneous polarization that can be reversed by an applied electric field and they remain polarized even when the applied external electric field is removed.Synthesized samples have been subjected to structural,morphological,and dielectric characterizations.In this study,BST nanopowders with different substitutions of x(where x=0.2,0.3,0.4,0.5,and 0.6)were prepared by the sol-gel method,which is an easy method with low power consumption and low tem-perature requirement and produces higher yield.Nanopowders had average particle sizes of 12-24 nm and particles sizes after sintering at 1000°C for 3 h were 197,267,79.80,63.09,and 63 nm.All resulting pellets had a polycrystalline structure.Crystal structure,space group,morphological characterization,and particle size were determined from the structural analysis using X-ray powder diffraction(XRD),energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(EDX),and scanning electron microscopy(SEM).The dielec-tric measurements were made for BST pellets under different frequencies(1-200 kHz)from room temperature to 250℃.The dielectric constants for the bulk were 743,1566,1091,766,and 626 for x=0.2,0.3,0.4,0.5,and 0.6,respectively.From dielectric measurements,samples with x=0.2 and 0.3 had the Curie temperatures of 70℃ and 28.5℃,respectively,and remained intact below 0℃.The sample with x=0.3 had a good dielectric measurement and moderate dissipation factor;it may be used in capac-itance application as energy stores.
