COMPARISON OF SOME LIMITS FOR STABILITY CLASSIFICATION

Stability parameters (Monin-Obukhov length L, gradient Richardson number Ri and bulk Rischardson number Ri), which are applicable in urban environment, were discussed for ways of calculating classification standards. Gradient observations from a 325-m meteorological tower in Beijing are used to categorize Rib based on three different standards of stability proposed by D. Golder, Irwin and Houghton. The results show that it is relatively reasonable for the region of Beijing to apply the classification standard by Irwin.

Slope stability analysis of Southern slope of Chengmenshan copper mine,China

The engineering geology and hydrogeology in the southern slope of Chengmenshan copper mine are very complicated,because there is a soft-weak layer between two kinds of sandstones.Field investigations demonstrate that some instability problems might occur in the slope.In this research,the southern slope,which is divided into six sections(I-0,I-1,I-2,II-0,II-1 and II-2),is selected for slope stability analysis using limit equilibrium and numerical method.Stability results show that the values of factor of safety(FOS) of sections I-0,I-1 and I-2 are very low and slope failure is likely to happen.Therefore reinforcement subjected to seismic,water and weak layer according to sections were carried out to increase the factor of safety of the three sections,two methods were used;grouting with hydration of cement and water to increase the cohesion(c) and pre-stressed anchor.Results of reinforcement showed that factor of safety increased more than 1.15.

Stability analysis for natural slope by kinematical approach

The stability of natural slope was analyzed on the basis of limit analysis. The sliding model of a kind of natural slope was presented. A new kinematically admissible velocity field for the new sliding model was constructed. The stability factor formulation by the upper bound theorem leads to a classical nonlinear programming problem, when the external work rate and internal energy dissipation were solved, and the constraint condition of the programming problem was given. The upper bound optimization problem can be solved efficiently by applying a nonlinear SQP algorithm, and stability factor was obtained, which agrees well with previous achievements.

Limit analysis method for active earth pressure on laggings between stabilizing piles

Stabilizing pile is a kind of earth shoring structure frequently used in slope engineering. When the piles have cantilever segments above the ground,laggings are usually installed to avoid collapse of soil between piles. Evaluating the earth pressure acting on laggings is of great importance in design process.Since laggings are usually less stiff than piles,the lateral pressure on lagging is much closer to active earth pressure. In order to estimate the lateral earth pressure on lagging more accurately,first,a model test of cantilever stabilizing pile and lagging systems was carried out. Then,basing the experimental results a three-dimensional sliding wedge model was established. Last,the calculation process of the total active force on lagging is presented based on the kinematic approach of limit analysis. A comparison is made between the total active force on lagging calculated by the formula presented in this study and the force on a same-size rigid retaining wall obtained from Rankine's theory. It is found that the proposed method fits well with the experimental results.Parametric studies show that the total active force on lagging increases with the growth of the lagging height and the lagging clear span; while decreases asthe soil internal friction angle and soil cohesion increase.

Global Zero-relaxation Limit Problem of the Electro-diffusion Model Arising in Electro-Hydrodynamics

In this paper,we study a global zero-relaxation limit problem of the electro-diffusion model arising in electro-hydrodynamics which is the coupled Planck-Nernst-Poisson and Navier-Stokes equations.That is,the paper deals with a singular limit problem of{u^(∈)_(t)+u^(∈)·▽u^(∈)-Δu^(∈)+▽P^(∈)=Δφ^(∈)▽φ^(∈),in R^(3)×(0,∞),▽·u^(∈)=0,in R^(3)×(0,∞),n^(∈)_(t)+u^(∈)·▽n^(∈)-Δn^(∈)=-▽·(n^(∈)▽φ^(∈)),in R^(3)×(0,∞),ct+u^(∈)·▽c^(∈)-Δc^(∈)=▽·(c^(∈)▽φ^(∈)),in R^(3)×(0,∞),∈^(-1)φ^(∈)_(t)=Δφ^(∈)-n^(∈)+c^(∈),in R^(3)×(0,∞),(u^(∈),n^(∈),c^(∈),φ^(∈))|t=0=(u0,n0,c0,φ0),in R^(3) involving with a positive,large parameter^(∈).The present work show a case that(u^(∈),n^(∈),c^(∈))stabilizes to(u^(∞),n∞,c∞):=(u,n,c)uniformly with respect to the time variable as^(∈)→+∞with respect to the strong topology in a certain Fourier-Herz space.

A Pragmatic Method to Determine Transient Stability Constrained with Interface Real Power Flow Limits via Power System Scenario Similarity

In practical power systems,operators generally keep interface flowing under the transient stability constrained with interface real power flow limits(TS-IRPFL)to guarantee transient stability of the system.Many methods of computing TS-IRPFL have been proposed.However,in practice,the method widely used to determine TS-IRPFL is based on selection and analysis of typical scenarios as well as scenario matching.First,typical scenarios are selected and analyzed to obtain accurate limits,then the scenario to be analyzed is matched with a certain typical scenario,whose limit is adopted as the forecast limit.In this paper,following the steps described above,a pragmatic method to determine TS-IRPFL is proposed.The proposed method utilizes data-driven tools to improve the steps of scenario selection and matching.First of all,we formulate a clear model of power system scenario similarity.Based on the similarity model,we develop a typical scenario selector by clustering and a scenario matcher by nearest neighbor algorithm.The proposed method is pragmatic because it does not change the existing procedure.Moreover,it is much more reasonable than the traditional method.Test results verify the validity of the method.

Control of exhaled SARS-CoV-2-laden aerosols in the interpersonal breathing microenvironment in a ventilated room with limited space air stability

The Coronavirus Disease 2019(COVID-19)highlights the importance of understanding and controlling the spread of the coronavirus between persons.We experimentally and numerically investigated an advanced engineering and environmental method on controlling the transmission of airborne SARS-CoV-2-laden aerosols in the breathing microenvironment between two persons during interactive breathing process by combining the limited space air stability and a ventilation method.Experiments were carried out in a full-scale ventilated room with different limited space air stability conditions,i.e.,stable condition,neutral condition and unstable condition.Two real humans were involved to conducted normal breathing process in the room and the exhaled carbon dioxide was used as the surrogate of infectious airborne SARS-CoV-2-laden aerosols from respiratory activities.A correspondent numerical model was established to visualize the temperature field and contaminated field in the test room.Results show that the performance of a ventilation system on removing infectious airborne SARS-CoV-2-laden aerosols from the interpersonal breathing microenvironment is dependent on the limited space air stability conditions.Appropriate ventilation method should be implemented based on an evaluation of the air condition.It is recommended that total volume ventilation methods are suitable for unstable and neutral conditions and local ventilation methods are preferable for stable conditions.This study provides an insight into the transmission of airborne SARS-CoV-2-laden aerosols between persons in ventilated rooms with different limited space air stability conditions.Useful guidance has been provided to cope with COVID-19 in limited spaces.

Analysis of Effects of the Arc Voltage on Arc Discharges in a Cathode Ion Source of Neutral Beam Injector

A hot cathode bucket ion source is used for the EAST（experimental advanced superconducting tokamak）neutral beam injector.The thermal electrons emitted from the surface of the cathode are extracted and accelerated by the electric field formed by the arc voltage,which is applied between the arc chamber of the ion source and the cathode.This paper analyzes the effects of arc voltage on the arc discharge in a hot cathode high current ion source.

Incompressible limit and stability of all-time solutions to 3-D full Navier-Stokes equations for perfect gases

This paper studies the incompressible limit and stability of global strong solutions to the threedimensional full compressible Navier-Stokes equations, where the initial data satisfy the "well-prepared" conditions and the velocity field and temperature enjoy the slip boundary condition and convective boundary condition, respectively. The uniform estimates with respect to both the Mach number ∈(0, ∈] and time t ∈ [0, ∞) are established by deriving a differential inequality with decay property, where ∈∈(0, 1] is a constant.As the Mach number vanishes, the global solution to full compressible Navier-Stokes equations converges to the one of isentropic incompressible Navier-Stokes equations in t ∈ [0, +∞). Moreover, we prove the exponentially asymptotic stability for the global solutions of both the compressible system and its limiting incompressible system.

Experimental Investigation on Plasma-assisted Combustion Characteristics of Premixed Propane/Air Mixture

A detailed study on the plasma-assisted combustion(PAC) characteristics of premixed propane/air mixture is presented. The PAC is measured electrically, as well as optically with a multichannel spectrometer. The characteristics are demonstrated by stable combustion temperature and combustion stability limits, and the results are compared with conventional combustion(CC). Stable combustion temperature measurements show that the introduction of PAC into combustion system can increase the stable combustion temperature, and the increment is more notable with an increase of discharge voltage. Besides, the rich and weak limits of combustion stability are both enlarged when plasma is applied into the combustion process and the increase of discharge voltage results in the expansion of combustion stability limits as well. The measurements of temperature head and emission spectrum illustrate that the kinetic enhancement caused by reactive species in plasma is the main enhancement pathway for current combustion system.

Nonlinear VSC Technique for Power System Integrate Controllers

This paper studies the nonlinear variable structure control (VSC) technique for designing power system integrate control systems which include an excitation controller and fast valve controller.A new method is applied to find nonlinear switching surface in deriving the control strategy.The responses to various large perturbation are simulated.The simuulation results show that the nonlinear VSC technique for integrated control systems can considerably improve the transient stabilization limitation of power systems and improve the dynamic properties of the generators.