基于Stable Diffusion的虚拟人形象预设计的应用与研究

对当前AIGC在虚拟形象预设计方面的现状及影响进行了分析和探讨。以Stable Diffusion为例,详细介绍了工程构建和实现,对相关模块的作用、运行环境、使用方法及其指令等多个方面进行了综合叙述、分析和探讨,针对使用不同采样方法、不同采样参数及不同训练模型生成图片效果的优劣进行了说明及展示。随后,通过项目实例,完整地展示了人物形象预设计的过程。最后,对AIGC等新技术可能带来的社会影响进行了预测和总结。

ISS特征融合NDT的点云配准研究

点云配准技术在三维重建、自动驾驶领域中起着重要作用。针对正态分布变换(NDT)算法点云配准数据量较大时,配准效率低和配准精度受到初始位姿影响较大的问题,提出一种内部形状描述子(ISS)特征点融合NDT的点云配准方法。首先利用ISS算法对点云进行特征点提取,然后计算特征点处的快速点特征直方图(FPFH)来描述特征点处的局部几何信息,再利用随机采样一致初始配准算法(SAC-IA)进行粗配准,在粗配准后目标点云与源点云获得一个初始变换位姿,最后将该初始变换提供给NDT算法进行精配准。通过对数据集进行不同算法下的对比实验,证明该算法可以有效地提高点云的配准精度和配准效率。

Rising utilization of stable isotopes in tree rings for climate change and forest ecology

Analyses of stable isotopes(C,O,H)in tree rings are increasingly important cross-disciplinary programs.The rapid development in this field documented in an increasing number of publications requires a comprehensive review.This study includes a bibliometric analysis-based review to better understand research trends in tree ring stable isotope research.Overall,1475 publications were selected from the Web of Science Core Collection for 1974-2023.The findings are that:(1)numbers of annual publications and citations increased since 1974.From 1974 to 1980,there were around two relevant publications per year.However,from 2020 to 2022,this rose sharply to 109 publications per year.Likewise,average article citations were less than four per year before 1990,but were around four per article per year after 2000;(2)the major subjects using tree ring stable isotopes include forestry,geosciences,and environmental sciences,contributing to 42.5%of the total during 1974-2023;(3)the top three most productive institutions are the Chinese Academy of Sciences(423),the Swiss Federal Institute for Forest,Snow and Landscape Research(227),and the University of Arizona(204).These achievements result from strong collaborations;(4)review papers,for example,(Dawson et al.,Annu Rev Ecol Syst 33:507-559,2002)and(McCarroll and Loader,Quat Sci Rev 23:771-801,2004),are among the most cited,with more than 1000 citations;(5)tree ring stable isotope studies mainly focus on climatology and ecology,with atmospheric CO_(2) one of the most popular topics.Since 2010,precipitation and drought have received increasing attention.Based on this analysis,the research stages,key findings,debated issues,limitations and direc-tions for future research are summarized.This study serves as an important attempt to understand the progress on the use of stable isotopes in tree rings,providing scientific guid-ance for young researchers in this field.

Stable multi-electron reaction stimulated by W doping VS_(4)for enhancing magnesium storage performance

Rechargeable magnesium batteries(RMBs)hold promise for offering higher volumetric energy density and safety features,attracting increasing research interest as the next post lithium-ion batteries.Developing high performance cathode material by inducing multi-electron reaction process as well as maintaining structural stability is the key to the development and application of RMBs.Herein,multielectron reaction occurred in VS_(4)by simple W doping strategy.W doping induces valence of partial V as V^(2+)and V^(3+)in VS_(4)structure,and then stimulates electrochemical reaction involving multi-electrons in 0.5%W-V-S.The flower-like microsphere morphology as well as rich S vacancies is also modulated by W doping to neutralize structure change in such multi-electron reaction process.The fabricated 0.5%W-V-S delivers higher specific capacity(149.3 m A h g^(-1)at 50 m A g^(-1),which is 1.6 times higher than that of VS_(4)),superior rate capability(76 mA h g^(-1)at 1000 mA g^(-1)),and stable cycling performance(1500cycles with capacity retention ratio of 93.8%).Besides that,pesudocapaticance-like contribution analysis as well as galvanostatic intermittent titration technique(GITT)further confirms the enhanced Mg^(2+)storage kinetics during such multi-electron involved electrochemical reaction process.Such discovery provides new insights into the designing of multi-electron reaction process in cathode as well as neutralizing structural change during such reaction for realizing superior electrochemical performance in energy storage devices.

Software Defect Prediction Method Based on Stable Learning

The purpose of software defect prediction is to identify defect-prone code modules to assist software quality assurance teams with the appropriate allocation of resources and labor.In previous software defect prediction studies,transfer learning was effective in solving the problem of inconsistent project data distribution.However,target projects often lack sufficient data,which affects the performance of the transfer learning model.In addition,the presence of uncorrelated features between projects can decrease the prediction accuracy of the transfer learning model.To address these problems,this article propose a software defect prediction method based on stable learning(SDP-SL)that combines code visualization techniques and residual networks.This method first transforms code files into code images using code visualization techniques and then constructs a defect prediction model based on these code images.During the model training process,target project data are not required as prior knowledge.Following the principles of stable learning,this paper dynamically adjusted the weights of source project samples to eliminate dependencies between features,thereby capturing the“invariance mechanism”within the data.This approach explores the genuine relationship between code defect features and labels,thereby enhancing defect prediction performance.To evaluate the performance of SDP-SL,this article conducted comparative experiments on 10 open-source projects in the PROMISE dataset.The experimental results demonstrated that in terms of the F-measure,the proposed SDP-SL method outperformed other within-project defect prediction methods by 2.11%-44.03%.In cross-project defect prediction,the SDP-SL method provided an improvement of 5.89%-25.46% in prediction performance compared to other cross-project defect prediction methods.Therefore,SDP-SL can effectively enhance within-and cross-project defect predictions.

Method to measure tree-ring width,density,elemental composition,and stable carbon and oxygen isotopes using one sample

Tree-ring width(RW),density,elemental com-position,and stable carbon and oxygen isotope(δ^(13)C,δ^(18)O)are widely used as proxies to assess climate change,ecology,and environmental pollution;however,a specific pretreat-ment has been needed for each proxy.Here,we developed a method by which each proxy can be measured in the same sample.First,the sample is polished for ring width meas-urement.After obtaining the ring width data,the sample is cut to form a 1-mm-thick wood plate.The sample is then mounted in a vertical sample holder,and gradually scanned by an X-ray beam.Simultaneously,the count rates of the fluorescent photons of elements(for chemical characteriza-tion)and a radiographic grayscale image(for wood density)are obtained,i.e.the density and the element content are obtained.Then,cellulose is isolated from the 1-mm wood plate by removal of lignin,and hemicellulose.After producing this cellulose plate,cellulose subsamples are separated by knife under the microscope for inter-annual and intra-annual stable carbon and oxygen isotope(δ^(13)C,δ^(18)O)analysis.Based on this method,RW,density,elemental composition,δ^(13)C,and δ^(18)O can be measured from the same sample,which reduces sample amount and treatment time,and is helpful for multi-proxy comparison and combination research.

Effects of thinning and understory removal on water use efficiency of Pinus massoniana:evidence from photosynthetic capacity and stable carbon isotope analyses

Understanding the relationship between forest management and water use efficiency(WUE)is important for evaluating forest adaptability to climate change.However,the effects of thinning and understory removal on WUE and its key controlling processes are not well understood,which limits our comprehension of the physiological mechanisms of various management practices.In this study,four forest management measures(no thinning:NT;understory removal:UR;light thinning:LT;and heavy thinning:HT)were carried out in Pinus massoniana plantations in a subtropical region of China.Photosynthetic capacity and needle stable carbon isotope composition(δ^(13)C)were measured to assess instantaneous water use efficiency(WUE_(inst))and long-term water use efficiency(WUE_(i)).Multiple regression models and structural equation modelling(SEM)identified the effects of soil properties and physiological performances on WUE_(inst)and WUE_(i).The results show that WUE_(inst)values among the four treatments were insignificant.However,compared with the NT stand(35.8μmol·mol^(-1)),WUE_(i)values significantly increased to 41.7μmol·mol^(-1)in the UR,50.1μmol·mol^(-1)in the LT and 46.6μmol·mol^(-1)in HT treatments,largely explained by photosynthetic capacity and soil water content.Understory removal did not change physiological performance(needle water potential and photosynthetic capacity).Thinning increased the net photosynthetic rate(A_n)but not stomatal conductance(g_s)or predawn needle water potential(ψ_(pd)),implying that the improvement in water use efficiency for thinned stands was largely driven by radiation interception than by soil water availability.In general,thinning may be an appropriate management measure to promote P.massoniana WUE to cope with seasonal droughts under future extreme climates.

AIGC在艺术设计专业领域的神助攻——以Stable Diffusion为例

AIGC(Artificial Intelligence Generated Content,人工智能生成内容)作为新兴的人工智能生产力引擎,代表了新时代科技进步的崭新面貌,从感知、理解世界到创造、生成世界,AI技术的底层技术和产业生态已形成全球性的崭新格局。AIGC在艺术与设计专业领域的应用中备受瞩目,通过利用机器学习和深度学习技术,能自动生成各种形式的内容,包括图像、文字、音频等,已经逐渐成为艺术设计专业师生创作的重要辅助工具。通过稳定扩散模型(Stable Diffusion,SD)实例介绍AIGC如何帮助学生或设计师快速获取灵感、提高创作效率以及增强作品的独特性和创新性。首先,艺术设计中常常会面临创作灵感枯竭的困境,而AIGC能快速生成大量创意和灵感。例如,通过使用图像生成算法,SD能自动生成与艺术作品主题相关的各种不同艺术风格的图像,帮助学生或设计师迅速获取灵感并拓展创作思路[1]。其次,在艺术与设计领域,完成作品需要投入大量的时间和精力,而SD能自动完成一些繁琐的任务,如线稿上色、手绘转3D模型等。学生或设计师可以将更多的时间和精力投入到创意和构思上,后期精细化处理,从而提高创作效率。此外,SD生成的创意和灵感是基于算法和数据集进行的,因此能产生出一些独特的、创新的内容。这些内容往往能够为艺术与设计作品带来更多的想象力和表现力,使作品更加吸引眼球。总的来说,AIGC在艺术与设计专业领域中发挥着越来越重要的作用。[2]它不仅可以帮助学生和设计师快速获取灵感和提高创作效率,还能够增强作品的独特性和创新性,已逐渐成为艺术创作的重要辅助力量。AI可以模仿人类艺术家的创作过程,但AI本身是没有能力创作的,它无法像人类那样融入自身的情感、灵性和创新思维。因此,AI并不会淘汰艺术设计师们,反而将成为艺术设计师们的得力助手。我们可以预见AIGC科技与艺术设计师的结合将是未来艺术专业设计领域的必然趋势。这种融合将为艺术创作领域带来更为广阔的舞台。

AI绘画在艺术创作中的应用——以Stable Diffusion为例

AI绘画是基于人工智能技术进行艺术创作的一种方法,在AI绘画中,Stable Diffusion可提供稳定、连续和高质量的图像生成。Stable Diffusion是一种基于生成对抗网络的图像生成方法,它通过不断更新图像的噪声分布,逐渐生成越来越逼真的图像。在绘画艺术创作中,Stable Diffusion能够激发创作者的灵感,帮助他们探索不同的创作风格和创作方式。与此同时,创作者仍需运用自己的审美判断力对所绘制的作品进行筛选和调整。

ISSB准则:中小型企业如何为新要求做好准备

随着越来越多的公司为遵守国际可持续发展准则理事会(ISSB)的要求做好准备,本文探讨中小型企业所需考虑的主要事项。虽然中小型企业(SMEs)可能无须直接遵守ISSB发布的准则,但是其在整个价值链中发挥着关键作用。

基于人工智能绘画模型STABLE DIFFUSION的椅类家具设计研究

本文基于最新的StableDiffusion人工智能绘画模型,探讨了其在家具设计领域应用的可行性。通过设计一个孔雀风格的沙发效果图,总结了该模型在家具设计中的优缺点。研究认为,StableDiffusion模型可以为设计师提供丰富的创意元素和效果图,从而大大提高了家具设计的效率和多样性。然而,该模型生成的效果图目前还比较粗糙,细节处理不足,并且具有较高的随机性。未来随着模型功能的日益完善和结合其他技术,人工智能绘画模型将成为家具设计领域重要的创意来源和设计辅助工具。

多发性骨髓瘤患者FISH检测结果与Durie-Salmon分期和R-ISS分期的相关性

目的 探讨多发性骨髓瘤(MM)患者荧光原位杂交(FISH)检测结果与Durie-Salmon分期(DS)和国际分期系统(R-ISS)的关系。方法 选取惠州市中心人民医院2020年1月至2021年1月收治的MM患者80例为研究对象,利用FISH技术检测患者CKS1B(1q21)、p53、RB1、IGH基因表达情况,分析FISH检测结果与DS分期和R-ISS分期的关系。单因素及Cox回归分析MM患者预后的独立危险因素。结果 DS分期和R-ISS分期越高,FISH检测结果阳性发生率越高,不同DS分期、R-ISS分期分别与FISH检测结果比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。单因素显示,治疗方案、1q21扩增、p53缺失、RB1缺失、IGH重排与患者预后转归比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Cox回归分析显示,1q21扩增、p53缺失、RB1缺失、IGH重排为MM患者预后结局的独立影响因素(P<0.05),其中,1q21扩增、p53缺失、RB1缺失、IGH重排阳性者1年生存率均低于阴性者。结论 FISH检测结果阳性发生率越高,DS分期和R-ISS分期则越高,且1q21扩增、p53缺失、RB1缺失、IGH重排为MM患者预后结局的独立影响因素。

ISS分期与FISH对多发性骨髓瘤临床治疗的效果及预后意义

目的:探讨ISS分期与FISH对多发性骨髓瘤临床治疗的效果及预后意义。方法:采集湖北省荆州中心医院血液内科2018年7月至2022年7月诊治的200例多发性骨髓瘤患者,ISS I期41例,ISS II期73例,ISS III期86例。采取硼替佐米诱导治疗,利用FISH荧光原位杂交检测对其进行检验,统计分析不同ISS分期多发性骨髓瘤患者的FISH检测和临床疗效。结果:41例ISS I期患者中有18例患者检测为FISH阳性,14例患者检测为FISH多阳性,23例患者检测为FISH阴性。73例ISS II期患者中有51例患者检测为FISH阳性,42例患者检测为FISH多阳性,22例患者检测为FISH阴性。86例ISS III期患者中有86例患者检测为FISH阳性,70例患者检测为FISH多阳性。不同ISS分期多发性骨髓瘤患者的FISH阳性检出率及FISH多阳性检出率,组间差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。41例ISS I期患者中有31例患者为完全缓解,6例患者为部分缓解,4例患者检测为病情稳定。73例ISS II期患者中有43例患者为完全缓解,18例患者为部分缓解,12例患者检测为病情稳定。86例ISS III期患者中有33例患者为完全缓解,33例患者为部分缓解,20例患者检测为病情稳定。不同ISS分期多发性骨髓瘤患者完全缓解、部分缓解以及病情稳定等临床疗效对比,组间差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:多发性骨髓瘤患者的ISS分期及FISH结果与患者临床完全缓解呈负相关关系,医护人员可通过ISS分期与FISH检测对其进行分组,进行临床疗效评估以及预后质量评估。

基于ISS-LCG组合特征点的油菜分枝点云配准方法

[目的]针对传统点云配准方法准确率低、速度慢等问题,以油菜Brassica napus L.分枝点云为研究对象,提出基于ISS-LCG组合特征点的配准方法。[方法]以成熟期油菜角果分枝点云为对象,去除背景噪声后,得到清晰完整的油菜分枝点云;然后通过内部形状描述子(Intrinsic shape signature,ISS)提取油菜分枝点云的特征点,再使用线性同余法(Linear congruential generator,LCG)伪随机选取油菜点云的部分点构成关键点,将特征点和关键点进行融合,构成ISS-LCG组合特征点;通过三维形状上下文特征(3D shape context,3DSC)对组合特征点进行特征描述,最后采用RANSAC+ICP两步点云配准法进行点云配准。[结果]基于ISS-LCG组合特征点的点云配准算法以30°为间隔对点云进行两两配准时,配准效果最佳,配准误差约0.066 mm,配准精度比未采用组合特征点的配准方法提升了50%~70%;配准时间均小于48 s,平均配准时间为8.706 s。[结论]该方法在可控环境内可以实现成熟期油菜植株高精度、高效率的自动配准。

Stable isotopic composition of riverine dissolved inorganic carbon of the Xijiang River Inner Estuary

For researching the spatio-temporal variation of the stable isotopic composition of the riverine dissolved inorganic carbon（DIC）,we had carried out a survey throughout the hydrologic year during which theδ^13CDIC of the surface water and its physicochemical parameter were examined along the Xijiang River Inner Estuarine waterway from September 2006 to June 2007.There was a striking seasonal variation on the averageδ^13CDIC,as the averageδ^13CDIC in summer（-13.91‰）or autumn（-13.09‰）was much less than those in spring（-11.71‰）or winter（-12.26‰）.The riverineδ13C DIC was controlled by decomposed condition of the riverine organic matter linking the seasonal variation of the physicochemical parameter in the surface water according to the correlation analysis which indicated notable relations betweenδ^13CDIC and water temperature（p=0.000;r=-0.569）or betweenδ^13CDIC and oxide-reduction potential（p=0.000;r=0.646）.The striking positive correlation between δ^13CDIC and the sampling distance happened in the summer rainy season,while striking negative correlation happened in the spring dry season,indicating that river-sea interaction influenced water physicochemical parameters and controlled the riverine DIC property in the survey waterway.In view of the riverineδ^13CDIC decreasing for the decomposition of the terrestrial organic matter in the rainy season in summer and increasing for the briny invaded zone extending in the spring dry season along the waterway from the Makou gauging station to the Modaomen outlet,theδ^13CDIC spatio-temporal variation was closely related to the geographical environment of the Xijiang drainage basin.

STABLE SUB-GAUSSIAN MODELS CONSTRUCTED BY POISSON PROCESSES

In this paper, we first prove that one-parameter standard α-stable sub-Gaussian processes can be approximated by processes constructed by integrals based on the Poisson process with random intensity. Then we extend this result to the two-parameter processes. At last, we consider the approximation of the subordinated fractional Brownian motion.

Variation of soil-plant-atmosphere continuum stable isotope and water source in Qinghai spruce forest of the eastern Qilian Mountains

Understanding the hydrogen and oxygen stable isotope composition and characteristics of different water bodies in soil-plant-atmosphere continuum is of significance for revealing regional hydrological processes and water cycle mechanisms.In this study,we analyzed the stable isotopic composition,relationship and indicative significance of precipitation,soil water(0~100 cm depth)and xylem water of Qinghai spruce(Picea crassifolia)forest in the eastern Qilian Mountains,and explored the circulation process among different water bodies.The results show that the stable isotopes of precipitation vary greatly during the entire observation period.The values ofδ2H andδ^(18)O in the precipitation in the warm season are richer than those in the cold season,and the slope and intercept of local meteoric water line(LMWL,δ2H=6.79δ18O+7.13)are both smaller than global meteoric water line(GMWL,δ2H=8.17δ18O+10.56).The stable isotopes of soil water at different depths underwent different degrees of evaporative fractionation,and theδ18O andδ2H of shallow soil water varied greatly,while the deep soil water tended to be similar.The topsoil(0~10 cm)can respond quickly to precipitation,and the response of the deep soil has a time lag.In the whole growing season,0~30 cm and 60~100 cm soil water are the main water sources of Qinghai spruce.The water source of Qinghai spruce was from all soil layers in May and September,mainly from the shallow soil layer(0~30 cm)in August and October,and mainly from the deep soil layer(60~100 cm)in June and July.

Expression and Location of Intracellular Tissue Factor in Atherosclerosis Stable Plaque of ApoE^(-/-) Mice

In the ApoE^-/- mouse model of atherosclerosis （AS） stable plaque, the expression and location of intracellular tissue factor （TF） in the cellular components of AS stable plaque were investigated in order to explore the cellular mechanism of AS thrombosis. Pathological changes of the stable plaque were observed under a microscope. The expression of TF protein was examined in aortic stable plaque of mice by using immunohistochemistry. Color image planimetric system was used to analyze the histological components of the stable plaque and the TF distribution. Under the confocal microscope, the intracellular TF location in the stable plaque of mice was observed. The results showed the cellular area was the major part of stable plaque （67.36%±6.52%, P〈0.01）. The percentage of total area occupied by cellular area was significantly larger than atheromatous gruel and acellular area （P〈0.01）. Macrophages and smooth muscle cells （SMC） were major cells in the cellular area. The percentage of total area occupied by SMC was significantly larger than by macrophages （P〈0.01）. Multiple linear regression analysis showed there was a positive correlation between TF area and SMC area （r=0.616, P=-0.008）, and no correlation was found between TF area and macrophage area （r=0.437, P=0.08）. Pictures of color image planimetric analysis of TF and SMC were merged to highlight areas with co-localization （yellow）, it was concluded that the process could be a cell-mediated TF expression in the stable plaque. SMC may be the major source of TF in AS without plaque rupture.

Integrate Fuzzy Logic Stable Control System of Bank-to-Turn Missiles

The question of stable control system of bank-to-turn (BTT) missiles is a bottleneckin BTT technology. Integrate fuzzy logic stable control system of BTT missiles is designed in whichthree main problems are resolved. How to select input variables Of the fuzzy logic controller and howto guarantee completeness of the output control are two of them. The last one is how to coordinatethe fuzzy logic controllers in integrate fuzzy logic stable control system. Simulating results prov that integrate fuzzy logic stable coatrol system of BTT missiles is sueccessful, and it can be widelyused in future.