Introduction Characterized as persistent and progressive pulmonary function declining,chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) can be accompanied by a systemic inflammatory response.A variety of psychiatric and so...Introduction Characterized as persistent and progressive pulmonary function declining,chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) can be accompanied by a systemic inflammatory response.A variety of psychiatric and somatic comorbidities can occur to the patients,such as depression,nutritional disorders,cardiovascular disease,and lung cancer.It is imposing great impacts on the quality of patients' life.In 2010 alone,the economic burden of COPD in the world was as high as 2.1 trillion dollars [1].The high prevalence,mortality,and morbidity have made this disease a major public health problem in socio-economic development with a rapidly aging population in China.展开更多
Noncommunicable chronic diseases have become the most important public health problem in the world today,so the focus of public health services should be shifted from the traditional area of communicable diseases to t...Noncommunicable chronic diseases have become the most important public health problem in the world today,so the focus of public health services should be shifted from the traditional area of communicable diseases to the prevention and control of chronic diseases.Since bad living habits are the most direct cause of chronic diseases,the most effective measure to prevent and control chronic diseases is to promote healthy lifestyles for the individual citizen.The theories of equal health opportunity,the right to health from the perspective of human rights,and determinants of a healthy society provide justified reasons for the intervention of public power in individual health choices.In the current legal system,the intervention of public power is limited to flexible measures such as health education,which shows respect for individual autonomy.However,it is inconsistent with the needs of current public health practice.We should expand diversified intervention means to encourage individuals to make healthy choices under the guidance of the management model.The“ladder of intervention”outlines a panoramic view of the intervention measures available.However,for the selection of specific measures,it is necessary to consider the public health objectives and the invasion of individual freedom,introduce the“legal reservation principle”and“proportionality principle”as policy analysis tools,and reasonably choose intervention measures at different levels on the ladder to properly handle the tension between public power and private rights.展开更多
As an important component of worldwide injury prevention,China has made great contribution to the development.China is serving as a model for other countries in the world,especially developing countries,and China’s e...As an important component of worldwide injury prevention,China has made great contribution to the development.China is serving as a model for other countries in the world,especially developing countries,and China’s experience has great implications for them.Besides the description of the present situation and trends of China’s injury prevention work and review for its development history,this paper has also introduced the existing issues and the current challenges,and informed the e orts of the sta in related eld to nd solutions from di erent aspects.All of them jointly boosted the development of global injury prevention.展开更多
This study aims to evaluate the biosafety awareness of laboratory staff working on pathogens detection in seven Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and support these staff's biosafety management and trainin...This study aims to evaluate the biosafety awareness of laboratory staff working on pathogens detection in seven Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and support these staff's biosafety management and training.A total of 208 laboratory staff from seven provincial CDCs were chosen by stratified random sampling to undergo a self-administered questionnaire survey.The collected data were analyzed using SPSS 22.0.The overall average biosafety awareness of the CDC laboratory staff involved in pathogen detection was 82.5 points.The average biosafety awareness score was the highest in health monitoring(92.63 points)and the lowest in risk assessment and control(41.6 points).Among the seven provincial CDCs,the Guizhou Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention laboratory staff showed the lowest average biosafety awareness score(74.3 points).The team who worked for 5–14 years were more likely to score above the passing score(≥88 points;corrected OR 0.400,95%CI:0.168–0.951)than the staff with less than five years of work experience.In addition,the mid-level and junior-level staff,as well as the lower position ones were more likely to score below the passing score(<88 points;junior level and lower:corrected OR 3.473,95%CI:1.028–11.737;mid-level:corrected OR 2.797,95%CI:1.027–7.618)compared with the senior-level staff.Among the surveyed team,66.3%identified a lack of specific funds related to work,61.5%identified a lack of designated personnel for the laboratory biosafety management.The biosafety awareness in CDC laboratory staff involved in pathogen detection is low,especially regarding risk assessment and control.The biosafety awareness in Guizhou and Guangxi Provincial CDC laboratory staff is also low.Laboratory funding,job title,and years of experience in a laboratory influence biosafety awareness in CDC laboratory staff.The biosafety knowledge,education,and training of CDC laboratory staff involved in pathogen detection need to improve by paying attention to the content and coverage of biosafety training,exploring new training modalities,and increasing funding for activities related to biosafety in CDC.展开更多
Chronic respiratory diseases are chronic diseases of the airways and other structures of the lung.Some of the most common are asthma,chronic obstructive pulmonary disease （COPD）,respiratory allergies,occupational lu...Chronic respiratory diseases are chronic diseases of the airways and other structures of the lung.Some of the most common are asthma,chronic obstructive pulmonary disease （COPD）,respiratory allergies,occupational lung diseases and pulmonary hypertension.Hundreds of millions of people suffer every day from chronic respiratory diseases.COPD is one of the most representative chronic respiratory diseases.A population-based,cross-sectional survey of COPD conducted between 2003 and 2004 showed that the overall prevalence of the disease in people aged above 40 years was 8.2%,1 which would result in a COPD patient population of over 43 million.展开更多
Since December 2019,epidemic cases of Corona Virus Disease 2019(COVID-19) infection have continued to occur in many provinces and cities in China.The radiology department is the first-line department for primary image...Since December 2019,epidemic cases of Corona Virus Disease 2019(COVID-19) infection have continued to occur in many provinces and cities in China.The radiology department is the first-line department for primary image screening and auxiliary diagnosis,and theemergency prevention and control is particularly essential.This article summarizes and discusses our department’s emergency prevention and control plan in response to the novel coronavirus epidemic.It is intended to provide references and guides for the management work of the radiology department against severe infectious diseases.展开更多
背景目前,慢性非传染性疾病(以下简称慢性病)成为影响我国人民群众健康的主要疾病。对慢性病防控资源配置的研究多为现况调查或公平性分析,且缺乏代表性强的结果评价指标。目的分析重庆市慢性病防控资源配置适宜程度的变化情况,探讨其...背景目前,慢性非传染性疾病(以下简称慢性病)成为影响我国人民群众健康的主要疾病。对慢性病防控资源配置的研究多为现况调查或公平性分析,且缺乏代表性强的结果评价指标。目的分析重庆市慢性病防控资源配置适宜程度的变化情况,探讨其对慢性病防控效果的影响。方法按照“穷尽”原则,系统收集政府、卫生健康委及相关部门网站、中国知网(CNKI)、Web of Science等公开数据库发布的重庆市2010—2021年慢性病领域所有文献资料,对文献进行摘录,对慢性病资源配置适宜程度进行量化分析。运用课题组前期构建的适宜公共健康体系定量标准,在系统收集信息资料后,分别从慢性病防控资源配置适宜程度的4个二级指标及13个三级指标展开研究,根据文献中资源配置的相关表述,采用“五分度评分”法半定量对其进行严重性评分,再对评分结果进行公式计算,最终得出资源配置的适宜程度。运用相关分析、线性回归分析资源配置适宜程度对慢性病防控效果的影响。结果2010—2021年重庆市慢性病防控资源配置适宜程度不断上升,由6.64%上升到27.57%;人力资源配置适宜程度从36.49%上升到46.59%,财力资源配置适宜程度从41.06%上升到50.28%,物力资源配置适宜程度从41.40%上升至42.96%,信息资源配置适宜程度从5.73%上升到24.09%。其中财力、物力资源配置适宜程度与重庆市慢性病过早死亡率呈显著负相关,相关系数分别为-0.722、-0.586。结论重庆市慢性病防控资源配置适宜程度逐年提高,但总体处于较低水平,信息资源配置程度较低是制约其发展的主要原因;应加快提升资源配置适宜水平来应对慢性病发病人数的迅速上升。展开更多
文摘Introduction Characterized as persistent and progressive pulmonary function declining,chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) can be accompanied by a systemic inflammatory response.A variety of psychiatric and somatic comorbidities can occur to the patients,such as depression,nutritional disorders,cardiovascular disease,and lung cancer.It is imposing great impacts on the quality of patients' life.In 2010 alone,the economic burden of COPD in the world was as high as 2.1 trillion dollars [1].The high prevalence,mortality,and morbidity have made this disease a major public health problem in socio-economic development with a rapidly aging population in China.
基金the phased research result of the major research project “Global Health and Human Rights Education” of humanities and social sciences of the Ministry of Education in 2020 (Project No. 20JJD82005)。
文摘Noncommunicable chronic diseases have become the most important public health problem in the world today,so the focus of public health services should be shifted from the traditional area of communicable diseases to the prevention and control of chronic diseases.Since bad living habits are the most direct cause of chronic diseases,the most effective measure to prevent and control chronic diseases is to promote healthy lifestyles for the individual citizen.The theories of equal health opportunity,the right to health from the perspective of human rights,and determinants of a healthy society provide justified reasons for the intervention of public power in individual health choices.In the current legal system,the intervention of public power is limited to flexible measures such as health education,which shows respect for individual autonomy.However,it is inconsistent with the needs of current public health practice.We should expand diversified intervention means to encourage individuals to make healthy choices under the guidance of the management model.The“ladder of intervention”outlines a panoramic view of the intervention measures available.However,for the selection of specific measures,it is necessary to consider the public health objectives and the invasion of individual freedom,introduce the“legal reservation principle”and“proportionality principle”as policy analysis tools,and reasonably choose intervention measures at different levels on the ladder to properly handle the tension between public power and private rights.
文摘As an important component of worldwide injury prevention,China has made great contribution to the development.China is serving as a model for other countries in the world,especially developing countries,and China’s experience has great implications for them.Besides the description of the present situation and trends of China’s injury prevention work and review for its development history,this paper has also introduced the existing issues and the current challenges,and informed the e orts of the sta in related eld to nd solutions from di erent aspects.All of them jointly boosted the development of global injury prevention.
基金supported by grants from the Establishment of Technical Simulation Training Platform for High-Level Biosafety Laboratory(A3705011905-23-2).
文摘This study aims to evaluate the biosafety awareness of laboratory staff working on pathogens detection in seven Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and support these staff's biosafety management and training.A total of 208 laboratory staff from seven provincial CDCs were chosen by stratified random sampling to undergo a self-administered questionnaire survey.The collected data were analyzed using SPSS 22.0.The overall average biosafety awareness of the CDC laboratory staff involved in pathogen detection was 82.5 points.The average biosafety awareness score was the highest in health monitoring(92.63 points)and the lowest in risk assessment and control(41.6 points).Among the seven provincial CDCs,the Guizhou Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention laboratory staff showed the lowest average biosafety awareness score(74.3 points).The team who worked for 5–14 years were more likely to score above the passing score(≥88 points;corrected OR 0.400,95%CI:0.168–0.951)than the staff with less than five years of work experience.In addition,the mid-level and junior-level staff,as well as the lower position ones were more likely to score below the passing score(<88 points;junior level and lower:corrected OR 3.473,95%CI:1.028–11.737;mid-level:corrected OR 2.797,95%CI:1.027–7.618)compared with the senior-level staff.Among the surveyed team,66.3%identified a lack of specific funds related to work,61.5%identified a lack of designated personnel for the laboratory biosafety management.The biosafety awareness in CDC laboratory staff involved in pathogen detection is low,especially regarding risk assessment and control.The biosafety awareness in Guizhou and Guangxi Provincial CDC laboratory staff is also low.Laboratory funding,job title,and years of experience in a laboratory influence biosafety awareness in CDC laboratory staff.The biosafety knowledge,education,and training of CDC laboratory staff involved in pathogen detection need to improve by paying attention to the content and coverage of biosafety training,exploring new training modalities,and increasing funding for activities related to biosafety in CDC.
文摘Chronic respiratory diseases are chronic diseases of the airways and other structures of the lung.Some of the most common are asthma,chronic obstructive pulmonary disease （COPD）,respiratory allergies,occupational lung diseases and pulmonary hypertension.Hundreds of millions of people suffer every day from chronic respiratory diseases.COPD is one of the most representative chronic respiratory diseases.A population-based,cross-sectional survey of COPD conducted between 2003 and 2004 showed that the overall prevalence of the disease in people aged above 40 years was 8.2%,1 which would result in a COPD patient population of over 43 million.
文摘Since December 2019,epidemic cases of Corona Virus Disease 2019(COVID-19) infection have continued to occur in many provinces and cities in China.The radiology department is the first-line department for primary image screening and auxiliary diagnosis,and theemergency prevention and control is particularly essential.This article summarizes and discusses our department’s emergency prevention and control plan in response to the novel coronavirus epidemic.It is intended to provide references and guides for the management work of the radiology department against severe infectious diseases.
文摘背景目前,慢性非传染性疾病(以下简称慢性病)成为影响我国人民群众健康的主要疾病。对慢性病防控资源配置的研究多为现况调查或公平性分析,且缺乏代表性强的结果评价指标。目的分析重庆市慢性病防控资源配置适宜程度的变化情况,探讨其对慢性病防控效果的影响。方法按照“穷尽”原则,系统收集政府、卫生健康委及相关部门网站、中国知网(CNKI)、Web of Science等公开数据库发布的重庆市2010—2021年慢性病领域所有文献资料,对文献进行摘录,对慢性病资源配置适宜程度进行量化分析。运用课题组前期构建的适宜公共健康体系定量标准,在系统收集信息资料后,分别从慢性病防控资源配置适宜程度的4个二级指标及13个三级指标展开研究,根据文献中资源配置的相关表述,采用“五分度评分”法半定量对其进行严重性评分,再对评分结果进行公式计算,最终得出资源配置的适宜程度。运用相关分析、线性回归分析资源配置适宜程度对慢性病防控效果的影响。结果2010—2021年重庆市慢性病防控资源配置适宜程度不断上升,由6.64%上升到27.57%;人力资源配置适宜程度从36.49%上升到46.59%,财力资源配置适宜程度从41.06%上升到50.28%,物力资源配置适宜程度从41.40%上升至42.96%,信息资源配置适宜程度从5.73%上升到24.09%。其中财力、物力资源配置适宜程度与重庆市慢性病过早死亡率呈显著负相关,相关系数分别为-0.722、-0.586。结论重庆市慢性病防控资源配置适宜程度逐年提高,但总体处于较低水平,信息资源配置程度较低是制约其发展的主要原因;应加快提升资源配置适宜水平来应对慢性病发病人数的迅速上升。
