Although it is assumed that the combination of chemotherapy and radical surgery should be indicated in all newly diagnosed advanced-stage ovarian cancer patients, one of the main raised questions is how to select the ...Although it is assumed that the combination of chemotherapy and radical surgery should be indicated in all newly diagnosed advanced-stage ovarian cancer patients, one of the main raised questions is how to select the best strategy of initial treatment in this group of patients, neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by interval debulking surgery or primary debulking surgery followed by adjuvant chemotherapy. The selection criteria to offer one strategy over the other as well as a stepwise patient selection for initial treatment are described. Selecting the best strategy of treatment in newly diagnosed advanced stage ovarian cancer patients is a multifactorial and multidisciplinary decision. Several factors should be taken into consideration:(1) the disease factor, related to the extension and localization of the disease as well as tumor biology;(2) the patient factor, associated with patient age, poor performance status, and co-morbidities; and(3) institutional infrastructure factor, related to the lack of prolonged operative time, an appropriate surgical armamentarium, as well as well-equipped intensive care units with well-trained personnel.展开更多
Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women worldwide, constituting 25% of all cancer diagnoses. Even though it is only affecting 4% - 6% of women under the age of 40, it remains the most...Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women worldwide, constituting 25% of all cancer diagnoses. Even though it is only affecting 4% - 6% of women under the age of 40, it remains the most common malignancy among younger patients. Advancement in the treatment and earlier detection gives excellent 5 years of survival. However, the standard treatment that comprises surgical-chemo radiation therapy or hormonal treatment often results in an increased incidence of treatment-induced infertility. Therefore, adding fertility preservation to primary cancer treatment may offer the best opportunity for future fertility. However, despite advancements in Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART), the uptake of fertility services in this group remains low. In this review, we highlighted the effect of all breast cancer treatments on women’s fertility, the effectiveness and safety of ART in breast cancer patients as well as the safety of pregnancy in breast cancer survivors. Our aim is to improve awareness of fertility preservation for breast cancer to ensure all women diagnosed with breast cancer have multidisciplinary approaches with early referral to fertility specialists to discuss regarding potential risks and benefits of fertility preservation to improve the uptake of fertility preservation among this group of patients.展开更多
Background:?Ovarian cancer (OC) is the most lethal gynecologic malignancy. About 70% of ovarian cancer patients have advanced disease and often not totally resectable. Previous studies of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC...Background:?Ovarian cancer (OC) is the most lethal gynecologic malignancy. About 70% of ovarian cancer patients have advanced disease and often not totally resectable. Previous studies of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) followed by interval debulking surgery (IDS) versus primary debulking surgery (PDS) give inconsistent results. The aim of this retrospective study is to evaluate the outcome of the neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by IDS versus PDS followed by adjuvant chemotherapy for the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage III epithelial ovarian cancer.?Methods:?This study was performed on eligible patients with ovarian cancer admitted in Surgical Oncology and Medical Oncology departments at South Egypt Cancer Institute-Assiut University in the period from January 2010 to December 2015. Patients were divided into two groups, the first group included those who have NACT and underwent IDS plus adjuvant chemotherapy, and the second group included those who underwent PDS followed by adjuvant chemotherapy.?Results:?This study included 380 cases. One hundred and fifty-four patients (40.53%) had IDS. The remaining two hundred and twenty-six patients (59.47%) underwent PDS. In this study, treatment modality was significant for both disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS). DFS was significantly reduced after IDS when compared to PDS (median DFS: 33.00 months vs. 45.00 months, respectively;p??0.001). Also, OS was significantly reduced after IDS when compared to PDS. (Median OS: 43 months vs. 46 months, respectively;p = 0.047). Moreover, this drop of the survivals mainly occurred in specific subgroups such as the elderly patients, patients with bad performance status, suboptimal cytoreduction, as well as high-grade tumors. Conclusion:?This study showed that PDS resulted in a better disease-free survival and overall survival than IDS. Moreover, OS and DFS have significantly dropped in specific patients’ subgroups. Therefore, patients selection should be considered.展开更多
Ovarian cancer is one of the leading causes of death among gynecological cancers. This is because the majority of patients present with advanced stage disease. Primary debulking surgery(PDS) followed by adjuvant chemo...Ovarian cancer is one of the leading causes of death among gynecological cancers. This is because the majority of patients present with advanced stage disease. Primary debulking surgery(PDS) followed by adjuvant chemotherapy is still a mainstay of treatment. An optimal surgery, which is currently defined by leaving no gross residual tumor, is the goal of PDS. The extent of disease as well as the operative setting, including the surgeon's skill, infl uences the likelihood of successful debulking. With extensive disease and a poor chance of optimal surgery or high morbidity anticipated, neoadjuvant chemotherapy(NACT) prior to primary surgery is an option. Secondary surgery after induction chemotherapy is termed interval debulking surgery(IDS). Delayed PDS or IDS is offered to patients who show some clinical response and are without progressive disease. NACT or IDS has become more established in clinical practice and there are numerous publications regarding its advantages and disadvantages. However, data on survival are limited and inconsistent. Only one large randomized trial could demonstrate that NACT was not inferior to PDS while the few randomized trials on IDS had inconsistent results. Without a defi nite benefi t of NACT prior to surgery over PDS, one must carefully weigh the chances of safe and successful PDS against the morbidity and risks of suboptimal surgery. Appropriate selection of a patient to undergo PDS followed by chemotherapy or, preferably, to have NACT prior to surgery is very important. Some clinical characteristics from physical examination, serum tumor markers and/or fi ndings from imaging studies may be predictive of resectability. However, no specific features have been consistently identifi ed in the literature. This article will address the clinical data on prediction of surgical outcomes, the role of NACT, and the role of IDS.展开更多
目的探讨基于T2加权MRI瘤周和瘤内影像组学模型预测上皮性卵巢癌(epithelial ovarian cancer,EOC)国际妇产科联盟(International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics,FIGO)分期的准确性与价值。材料与方法回顾性分析苏州市立医院...目的探讨基于T2加权MRI瘤周和瘤内影像组学模型预测上皮性卵巢癌(epithelial ovarian cancer,EOC)国际妇产科联盟(International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics,FIGO)分期的准确性与价值。材料与方法回顾性分析苏州市立医院(中心一)及苏州大学附属第一医院(中心二)共189例EOC患者的临床及影像资料,其中87例为FIGOⅠ/Ⅱ期,102例为FIGOⅢ/Ⅳ期。中心一的患者数据用于模型训练,中心二的数据作为外部验证集。基于肿瘤边界勾画感兴趣区域(region of interest,ROI),并分别向外扩展2 mm、4 mm、6 mm、8 mm和10 mm以获得多重瘤周信息。从瘤内及各瘤周ROI分别提取1223个影像组学特征。使用单因素分析、相关性分析、最小冗余最大相关及最小绝对收缩和选择算子(least absolute shrinkage and selection operator,LASSO)算法进行特征筛选。比较各瘤周外扩范围的影像组学模型在训练集中的效能,以选择最优的外扩范围构建瘤周模型;并进一步构建瘤内模型及临床模型。通过列线图将三者结合构建联合模型。将各模型应用于外部验证集,并通过受试者工作特征曲线(receiver operating characteristic,ROC)分析评估诊断效能。采用DeLong检验对比模型之间诊断效能的差异。结果瘤周影像组学模型在2 mm的外扩范围下表现最优,其训练集ROC曲线下面积(area under the curve,AUC)达0.840。在外部验证集中,联合模型诊断性能最佳,其具有最佳的准确度(74.2%)、特异度(80.8%)及AUC(0.837)。基于DeLong检验,联合模型显著优于瘤周模型(P=0.047)。结论基于T2加权MRI的瘤周、瘤内影像组学方法,有潜力有效预测上皮性卵巢癌的FIGO分期,其中联合瘤周瘤内影像组学及临床信息的模型表现最佳。该模型有望帮助临床医生更好地评估患者状况并制订个性化的治疗方案。展开更多
Background: Frozen section (FS) has a valuable role in the diagnosis of ovarian tumors. It is considered a pivotal point in guiding the surgical therapy, particularly in premenopausal women. In postmenopausal women, i...Background: Frozen section (FS) has a valuable role in the diagnosis of ovarian tumors. It is considered a pivotal point in guiding the surgical therapy, particularly in premenopausal women. In postmenopausal women, it may be required as well to avoid unnecessary surgical staging in benign ovarian tumors. Aim: This study aims to evaluate the accuracy of intraoperative frozen section in ovarian neoplasms in postmenopausal women. Materials and Methods: A retrospective analysis was done for intraoperative FS for suspected ovarian neoplasms. The study was conducted in Oncology Center, Mansoura University from March 2008 to December 2014. The frozen and paraffin section reports were compared, and overall accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values were determined. Results: The study included 105 patients and the overall accuracy of FS in determining malignancy was 81.7%. The sensitivity for malignant tumors was 75.32% with specificity of 100%. For benign tumors, the sensitivity and specificity were 100% and 93%, respectively. Borderline tumors had the lowest sensitivity of 100% with specificity of 95.19%. Conclusion: The present study concurs that frozen section is an accurate test for diagnosis of benign and malignant tumors in postmenopausal women thus determining the extent of surgery done for them. On the other hand, accuracy rates for borderline tumors are low.展开更多
文摘Although it is assumed that the combination of chemotherapy and radical surgery should be indicated in all newly diagnosed advanced-stage ovarian cancer patients, one of the main raised questions is how to select the best strategy of initial treatment in this group of patients, neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by interval debulking surgery or primary debulking surgery followed by adjuvant chemotherapy. The selection criteria to offer one strategy over the other as well as a stepwise patient selection for initial treatment are described. Selecting the best strategy of treatment in newly diagnosed advanced stage ovarian cancer patients is a multifactorial and multidisciplinary decision. Several factors should be taken into consideration:(1) the disease factor, related to the extension and localization of the disease as well as tumor biology;(2) the patient factor, associated with patient age, poor performance status, and co-morbidities; and(3) institutional infrastructure factor, related to the lack of prolonged operative time, an appropriate surgical armamentarium, as well as well-equipped intensive care units with well-trained personnel.
文摘Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women worldwide, constituting 25% of all cancer diagnoses. Even though it is only affecting 4% - 6% of women under the age of 40, it remains the most common malignancy among younger patients. Advancement in the treatment and earlier detection gives excellent 5 years of survival. However, the standard treatment that comprises surgical-chemo radiation therapy or hormonal treatment often results in an increased incidence of treatment-induced infertility. Therefore, adding fertility preservation to primary cancer treatment may offer the best opportunity for future fertility. However, despite advancements in Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART), the uptake of fertility services in this group remains low. In this review, we highlighted the effect of all breast cancer treatments on women’s fertility, the effectiveness and safety of ART in breast cancer patients as well as the safety of pregnancy in breast cancer survivors. Our aim is to improve awareness of fertility preservation for breast cancer to ensure all women diagnosed with breast cancer have multidisciplinary approaches with early referral to fertility specialists to discuss regarding potential risks and benefits of fertility preservation to improve the uptake of fertility preservation among this group of patients.
文摘Background:?Ovarian cancer (OC) is the most lethal gynecologic malignancy. About 70% of ovarian cancer patients have advanced disease and often not totally resectable. Previous studies of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) followed by interval debulking surgery (IDS) versus primary debulking surgery (PDS) give inconsistent results. The aim of this retrospective study is to evaluate the outcome of the neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by IDS versus PDS followed by adjuvant chemotherapy for the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage III epithelial ovarian cancer.?Methods:?This study was performed on eligible patients with ovarian cancer admitted in Surgical Oncology and Medical Oncology departments at South Egypt Cancer Institute-Assiut University in the period from January 2010 to December 2015. Patients were divided into two groups, the first group included those who have NACT and underwent IDS plus adjuvant chemotherapy, and the second group included those who underwent PDS followed by adjuvant chemotherapy.?Results:?This study included 380 cases. One hundred and fifty-four patients (40.53%) had IDS. The remaining two hundred and twenty-six patients (59.47%) underwent PDS. In this study, treatment modality was significant for both disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS). DFS was significantly reduced after IDS when compared to PDS (median DFS: 33.00 months vs. 45.00 months, respectively;p??0.001). Also, OS was significantly reduced after IDS when compared to PDS. (Median OS: 43 months vs. 46 months, respectively;p = 0.047). Moreover, this drop of the survivals mainly occurred in specific subgroups such as the elderly patients, patients with bad performance status, suboptimal cytoreduction, as well as high-grade tumors. Conclusion:?This study showed that PDS resulted in a better disease-free survival and overall survival than IDS. Moreover, OS and DFS have significantly dropped in specific patients’ subgroups. Therefore, patients selection should be considered.
文摘Ovarian cancer is one of the leading causes of death among gynecological cancers. This is because the majority of patients present with advanced stage disease. Primary debulking surgery(PDS) followed by adjuvant chemotherapy is still a mainstay of treatment. An optimal surgery, which is currently defined by leaving no gross residual tumor, is the goal of PDS. The extent of disease as well as the operative setting, including the surgeon's skill, infl uences the likelihood of successful debulking. With extensive disease and a poor chance of optimal surgery or high morbidity anticipated, neoadjuvant chemotherapy(NACT) prior to primary surgery is an option. Secondary surgery after induction chemotherapy is termed interval debulking surgery(IDS). Delayed PDS or IDS is offered to patients who show some clinical response and are without progressive disease. NACT or IDS has become more established in clinical practice and there are numerous publications regarding its advantages and disadvantages. However, data on survival are limited and inconsistent. Only one large randomized trial could demonstrate that NACT was not inferior to PDS while the few randomized trials on IDS had inconsistent results. Without a defi nite benefi t of NACT prior to surgery over PDS, one must carefully weigh the chances of safe and successful PDS against the morbidity and risks of suboptimal surgery. Appropriate selection of a patient to undergo PDS followed by chemotherapy or, preferably, to have NACT prior to surgery is very important. Some clinical characteristics from physical examination, serum tumor markers and/or fi ndings from imaging studies may be predictive of resectability. However, no specific features have been consistently identifi ed in the literature. This article will address the clinical data on prediction of surgical outcomes, the role of NACT, and the role of IDS.
文摘目的探讨基于T2加权MRI瘤周和瘤内影像组学模型预测上皮性卵巢癌(epithelial ovarian cancer,EOC)国际妇产科联盟(International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics,FIGO)分期的准确性与价值。材料与方法回顾性分析苏州市立医院(中心一)及苏州大学附属第一医院(中心二)共189例EOC患者的临床及影像资料,其中87例为FIGOⅠ/Ⅱ期,102例为FIGOⅢ/Ⅳ期。中心一的患者数据用于模型训练,中心二的数据作为外部验证集。基于肿瘤边界勾画感兴趣区域(region of interest,ROI),并分别向外扩展2 mm、4 mm、6 mm、8 mm和10 mm以获得多重瘤周信息。从瘤内及各瘤周ROI分别提取1223个影像组学特征。使用单因素分析、相关性分析、最小冗余最大相关及最小绝对收缩和选择算子(least absolute shrinkage and selection operator,LASSO)算法进行特征筛选。比较各瘤周外扩范围的影像组学模型在训练集中的效能,以选择最优的外扩范围构建瘤周模型;并进一步构建瘤内模型及临床模型。通过列线图将三者结合构建联合模型。将各模型应用于外部验证集,并通过受试者工作特征曲线(receiver operating characteristic,ROC)分析评估诊断效能。采用DeLong检验对比模型之间诊断效能的差异。结果瘤周影像组学模型在2 mm的外扩范围下表现最优,其训练集ROC曲线下面积(area under the curve,AUC)达0.840。在外部验证集中,联合模型诊断性能最佳,其具有最佳的准确度(74.2%)、特异度(80.8%)及AUC(0.837)。基于DeLong检验,联合模型显著优于瘤周模型(P=0.047)。结论基于T2加权MRI的瘤周、瘤内影像组学方法,有潜力有效预测上皮性卵巢癌的FIGO分期,其中联合瘤周瘤内影像组学及临床信息的模型表现最佳。该模型有望帮助临床医生更好地评估患者状况并制订个性化的治疗方案。
文摘Background: Frozen section (FS) has a valuable role in the diagnosis of ovarian tumors. It is considered a pivotal point in guiding the surgical therapy, particularly in premenopausal women. In postmenopausal women, it may be required as well to avoid unnecessary surgical staging in benign ovarian tumors. Aim: This study aims to evaluate the accuracy of intraoperative frozen section in ovarian neoplasms in postmenopausal women. Materials and Methods: A retrospective analysis was done for intraoperative FS for suspected ovarian neoplasms. The study was conducted in Oncology Center, Mansoura University from March 2008 to December 2014. The frozen and paraffin section reports were compared, and overall accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values were determined. Results: The study included 105 patients and the overall accuracy of FS in determining malignancy was 81.7%. The sensitivity for malignant tumors was 75.32% with specificity of 100%. For benign tumors, the sensitivity and specificity were 100% and 93%, respectively. Borderline tumors had the lowest sensitivity of 100% with specificity of 95.19%. Conclusion: The present study concurs that frozen section is an accurate test for diagnosis of benign and malignant tumors in postmenopausal women thus determining the extent of surgery done for them. On the other hand, accuracy rates for borderline tumors are low.
