The available studies in the literature on physical and mathematical modeling of the argon oxygen decarburization (AOD) process of stainless steel have briefly been reviewed. The latest advances made by the author wi...The available studies in the literature on physical and mathematical modeling of the argon oxygen decarburization (AOD) process of stainless steel have briefly been reviewed. The latest advances made by the author with his research group have been summarized. Water modeling was used to investigate the fluid flow and mixing characteristics in the bath of an 18 t AOD vessel, as well as the 'back attack' action of gas jets and its effects on the erosion and wear of the refractory lining, with sufficiently full kinematic similarity. The non rotating and rotating gas jets blown through two annular tuyeres, respectively of straight tube and spiral flat tube type, were employed in the experiments. The geometric similarity ratio between the model and its prototype (including the straight tube type tuyeres) was 1:3. The influences of the gas flow rate, the angle included between the two tuyeres and other operating parameters, and the suitability of the spiral tuyere as a practical application, were examined. These latest studies have clearly and successfully brought to light the fluid flow and mixing characteristics in the bath and the overall features of the back attack phenomena of gas jets during the blowing, and have offered a better understanding of the refining process. Besides, mathematical modeling for the refining process of stainless steel was carried out and a new mathematical model of the process was proposed and developed. The model performs the rate calculations of the refining and the mass and heat balances of the system. Also, the effects of the operating factors, including adding the slag materials, crop ends, and scrap, and alloy agents; the non isothermal conditions; the changes in the amounts of metal and slag during the refining; and other factors were all considered. The model was used to deal with and analyze the austenitic stainless steel making (including ultra low carbon steel) and was tested on data of 32 heats obtained in producing 304 grade steel in an 18 t AOD vessel. The changes in the bath composition and temperature during the refining process with time can be accurately predicted using this model. The model can provide some very useful information and a reliable basis for optimizing the process practice of the refining of stainless steel and control of the process in real time and online.展开更多
对不锈钢AOD转炉精炼过程数学模拟作了初步研究,注意到该侧顶复吹精炼过程的物理和化学特性,考虑体系的质量和热量衡算,以及添加渣料、废钢、合金料等操作、精炼过程的不等温状态、钢液和熔渣质量的变化等因素的影响,提出了一个针对整...对不锈钢AOD转炉精炼过程数学模拟作了初步研究,注意到该侧顶复吹精炼过程的物理和化学特性,考虑体系的质量和热量衡算,以及添加渣料、废钢、合金料等操作、精炼过程的不等温状态、钢液和熔渣质量的变化等因素的影响,提出了一个针对整个精炼过程的数学模型。基于设计的操作模式,以该模型对120 t AOD转炉内奥氏体不锈钢的整个精炼过程,包括氧化(脱碳)和还原过程作了模拟和估算,与工艺设计给出的参照数据作了比较。展开更多
研究了AOD精炼304不锈钢过程中的渗氮和脱氮行为,建立了渗氮和脱氮计算模型。AOD渗氮模型在120 t AOD装置的验证结果显示,剔除异常数据后,氧化3期氮含量计算值与实测值之间的绝对误差在±100×10^(-4)%之间的约占总炉数的85%;...研究了AOD精炼304不锈钢过程中的渗氮和脱氮行为,建立了渗氮和脱氮计算模型。AOD渗氮模型在120 t AOD装置的验证结果显示,剔除异常数据后,氧化3期氮含量计算值与实测值之间的绝对误差在±100×10^(-4)%之间的约占总炉数的85%;还原期和脱硫期AOD脱氮模型计算结果与实测值之间的绝对误差在±100×10^(-4)%之间的约达到80%以上,AOD脱硫期的氮含量命中精度约为90%。展开更多
对不锈钢侧顶复吹AOD精炼过程的数学模拟作了进一步研究,提出了一个新的数学模型.该模型大体仍基于预研究中对该过程所作的分析和假设,但按二维复合壁的瞬态导热分析了炉体的传热,对体系作了更全面和精确的热量衡算;按实际工艺更贴切地...对不锈钢侧顶复吹AOD精炼过程的数学模拟作了进一步研究,提出了一个新的数学模型.该模型大体仍基于预研究中对该过程所作的分析和假设,但按二维复合壁的瞬态导热分析了炉体的传热,对体系作了更全面和精确的热量衡算;按实际工艺更贴切地考虑了整个精炼过程中各操作因素的影响.应用该模型于120 t AOD炉内28炉304型不锈钢的精炼,结果表明,该模型可精确估计整个吹炼过程中钢液成分和温度随时间的变化.氧化精炼期各元素间的竞争性氧化和氧的分配比,氩气搅拌和还原精炼期各氧化物的竞争性还原及其供氧率,均可用各反应的Gibbs自由能来表征和确定.对本工作条件下304型不锈钢的精炼,顶吹、侧吹和复吹脱碳过程的临界碳的质量分数(在该质量分数后,脱碳变为主要由钢液内碳的传质控制)分别在0.895%～0.942%,0.078%～0.224%,0.144%～0.255%范围内.由该模型的估计考察了一些因素对精炼效果的影响和吹炼工艺的优化.该模型可为不锈钢侧顶复吹AOD精炼过程工艺的制定和优化及实时在线控制提供有用的信息和可靠的依据.展开更多
基于对不锈钢侧顶复吹AOD精炼提出的数学模型研制了相应的过程控制模型.该模型包括气体、物料添加及精炼和温度3个模块,按一维瞬态导热处理炉壁传热.应用于120 t AOD炉内14炉304型不锈钢精炼,结果表明:该模型可较精确地控制精炼过程中...基于对不锈钢侧顶复吹AOD精炼提出的数学模型研制了相应的过程控制模型.该模型包括气体、物料添加及精炼和温度3个模块,按一维瞬态导热处理炉壁传热.应用于120 t AOD炉内14炉304型不锈钢精炼,结果表明:该模型可较精确地控制精炼过程中各物料添加量和吹氧量,给出的各还原终点的钢液成分和温度与实测值较相符;得到的钢液成分和温度随精炼时间的变化规律与依二维瞬态导热分析炉壁热损的过程数学模型估计完全一致,但数值上有一定的偏差.该模型可为基于机理模型进一步研制新的过程控制系统提供可靠的基础.展开更多
文摘The available studies in the literature on physical and mathematical modeling of the argon oxygen decarburization (AOD) process of stainless steel have briefly been reviewed. The latest advances made by the author with his research group have been summarized. Water modeling was used to investigate the fluid flow and mixing characteristics in the bath of an 18 t AOD vessel, as well as the 'back attack' action of gas jets and its effects on the erosion and wear of the refractory lining, with sufficiently full kinematic similarity. The non rotating and rotating gas jets blown through two annular tuyeres, respectively of straight tube and spiral flat tube type, were employed in the experiments. The geometric similarity ratio between the model and its prototype (including the straight tube type tuyeres) was 1:3. The influences of the gas flow rate, the angle included between the two tuyeres and other operating parameters, and the suitability of the spiral tuyere as a practical application, were examined. These latest studies have clearly and successfully brought to light the fluid flow and mixing characteristics in the bath and the overall features of the back attack phenomena of gas jets during the blowing, and have offered a better understanding of the refining process. Besides, mathematical modeling for the refining process of stainless steel was carried out and a new mathematical model of the process was proposed and developed. The model performs the rate calculations of the refining and the mass and heat balances of the system. Also, the effects of the operating factors, including adding the slag materials, crop ends, and scrap, and alloy agents; the non isothermal conditions; the changes in the amounts of metal and slag during the refining; and other factors were all considered. The model was used to deal with and analyze the austenitic stainless steel making (including ultra low carbon steel) and was tested on data of 32 heats obtained in producing 304 grade steel in an 18 t AOD vessel. The changes in the bath composition and temperature during the refining process with time can be accurately predicted using this model. The model can provide some very useful information and a reliable basis for optimizing the process practice of the refining of stainless steel and control of the process in real time and online.
文摘对不锈钢AOD转炉精炼过程数学模拟作了初步研究,注意到该侧顶复吹精炼过程的物理和化学特性,考虑体系的质量和热量衡算,以及添加渣料、废钢、合金料等操作、精炼过程的不等温状态、钢液和熔渣质量的变化等因素的影响,提出了一个针对整个精炼过程的数学模型。基于设计的操作模式,以该模型对120 t AOD转炉内奥氏体不锈钢的整个精炼过程,包括氧化(脱碳)和还原过程作了模拟和估算,与工艺设计给出的参照数据作了比较。
文摘研究了AOD精炼304不锈钢过程中的渗氮和脱氮行为,建立了渗氮和脱氮计算模型。AOD渗氮模型在120 t AOD装置的验证结果显示,剔除异常数据后,氧化3期氮含量计算值与实测值之间的绝对误差在±100×10^(-4)%之间的约占总炉数的85%;还原期和脱硫期AOD脱氮模型计算结果与实测值之间的绝对误差在±100×10^(-4)%之间的约达到80%以上,AOD脱硫期的氮含量命中精度约为90%。
文摘对不锈钢侧顶复吹AOD精炼过程的数学模拟作了进一步研究,提出了一个新的数学模型.该模型大体仍基于预研究中对该过程所作的分析和假设,但按二维复合壁的瞬态导热分析了炉体的传热,对体系作了更全面和精确的热量衡算;按实际工艺更贴切地考虑了整个精炼过程中各操作因素的影响.应用该模型于120 t AOD炉内28炉304型不锈钢的精炼,结果表明,该模型可精确估计整个吹炼过程中钢液成分和温度随时间的变化.氧化精炼期各元素间的竞争性氧化和氧的分配比,氩气搅拌和还原精炼期各氧化物的竞争性还原及其供氧率,均可用各反应的Gibbs自由能来表征和确定.对本工作条件下304型不锈钢的精炼,顶吹、侧吹和复吹脱碳过程的临界碳的质量分数(在该质量分数后,脱碳变为主要由钢液内碳的传质控制)分别在0.895%～0.942%,0.078%～0.224%,0.144%～0.255%范围内.由该模型的估计考察了一些因素对精炼效果的影响和吹炼工艺的优化.该模型可为不锈钢侧顶复吹AOD精炼过程工艺的制定和优化及实时在线控制提供有用的信息和可靠的依据.
文摘基于对不锈钢侧顶复吹AOD精炼提出的数学模型研制了相应的过程控制模型.该模型包括气体、物料添加及精炼和温度3个模块,按一维瞬态导热处理炉壁传热.应用于120 t AOD炉内14炉304型不锈钢精炼,结果表明:该模型可较精确地控制精炼过程中各物料添加量和吹氧量,给出的各还原终点的钢液成分和温度与实测值较相符;得到的钢液成分和温度随精炼时间的变化规律与依二维瞬态导热分析炉壁热损的过程数学模型估计完全一致,但数值上有一定的偏差.该模型可为基于机理模型进一步研制新的过程控制系统提供可靠的基础.
