The Rural Minimum Living Standard Guarantee(Rural Dibao)is an important unconditional cash transfer program to alleviate poverty in rural China.Despite the importance of children’s nutrition in breaking poverty cycle...The Rural Minimum Living Standard Guarantee(Rural Dibao)is an important unconditional cash transfer program to alleviate poverty in rural China.Despite the importance of children’s nutrition in breaking poverty cycles,little is known about the impact of Rural Dibao on child nutrition outcomes.Using China Family Panel Studies(CFPS),this paper examines the effects of Rural Dibao on child nutrition outcomes and investigates potential pathways and heterogeneous effects.We exploit propensity score matching and difference-in-differences techniques to evaluate the effects of the Rural Dibao program on child nutrition outcomes.Our results suggest that Rural Dibao significantly impacts the nutrition outcomes of children up to 15 years of age.Specifically,our results suggest that Rural Dibao improves child height-to-age z-scores by 1.05 standard deviations and lowers the probability of stunting by 11.9 percentage points.Additional analyses suggest that increased protein intake is the main pathway through which Rural Dibao participation contributes to better nutrition outcomes.We also find that the effect of the program is more pronounced among girls,children who are non-left-behind or live with highly educated mothers,and those from low-income families and poor areas.Our findings suggest that Rural Dibao participation helps improve child nutrition outcomes through improving diet quality.展开更多
Background:The Mongolian gerbil is an excellent laboratory animal for preparing the cerebral ischemia model due to its inherent deficiency in the circle of Willis.However,the low incidence and unpredictability of symp...Background:The Mongolian gerbil is an excellent laboratory animal for preparing the cerebral ischemia model due to its inherent deficiency in the circle of Willis.However,the low incidence and unpredictability of symptoms are caused by numerous complex variant types of the circle.Additionally,the lack of an evaluation system for the cer-ebral ischemia/reperfusion(I/R)model of gerbils has shackled the application of this model.Methods:We created a symptom-oriented principle and detailed neurobehavioral scoring criteria.At different time points of reperfusion,we analyzed the alteration in locomotion by rotarod test and grip force score,infarct volume by triphenyltetrazo-lium chloride(TTC)staining,neuron loss using Nissl staining,and histological charac-teristics using hematoxylin-eosin(H&E)straining.Results:With a successful model rate of 56%,32 of the 57 gerbils operated by our method harbored typical features of cerebral I/R injury,and the mortality rate in the male gerbils was significantly higher than that in the female gerbils.The suc-cessfully prepared I/R gerbils demonstrated a significant reduction in motility and grip strength at 1 day after reperfusion;formed obvious infarction;exhibited typi-cal pathological features,such as tissue edema,neuronal atrophy and death,and vacuolated structures;and were partially recovered with the extension of reperfu-sion time.Conclusion:This study developed a new method for the unilateral common carotid artery ligation I/R model of gerbil and established a standardized evaluation system for this model,which could provide a new cerebral I/R model of gerbils with more practical applications.展开更多
分布式显示控制系统(以下简称分布式)被广泛应用于指挥调度、视频会议、信息发布等领域,是高清视频信号传输和调度的核心,也担负着大量音频信号的传输和调度任务。分布式在与音频扩声系统之间相互传输音频信号时,通常需要通过非平衡模...分布式显示控制系统(以下简称分布式)被广泛应用于指挥调度、视频会议、信息发布等领域,是高清视频信号传输和调度的核心,也担负着大量音频信号的传输和调度任务。分布式在与音频扩声系统之间相互传输音频信号时,通常需要通过非平衡模拟信号线缆实现,存在多次数模(Digital to Analog,D/A)和模数(Analog to Digital,A/D)转换,造成音频信号质量显著下降和精度损失。针对该问题,提出将AES67音频网关作为分布式和音频扩声系统之间的桥梁,在2个系统之间通过AES67实现网际互连协议(Internet Protocol,IP)全数字方式转换与传输,保证高质量的音频传输和性能。展开更多
废电解铝阳极碳块经过高温碳化,通过盐酸-硝酸-高氯酸三酸溶解完全后,冷却,完全溶解盐类加入10 mL 1.19 g/mL的盐酸,在优选出最优的仪器工作状态下,创建了ICP-AES法测定废电解铝阳极碳块样品中Fe、Li、K、Ca、Mg的化学分析方法。每个元...废电解铝阳极碳块经过高温碳化,通过盐酸-硝酸-高氯酸三酸溶解完全后,冷却,完全溶解盐类加入10 mL 1.19 g/mL的盐酸,在优选出最优的仪器工作状态下,创建了ICP-AES法测定废电解铝阳极碳块样品中Fe、Li、K、Ca、Mg的化学分析方法。每个元素的校准曲线相关系数均大于0.999,同时对以上多种元素进行检出限、加标回收试验研究,结果表明其相对标准偏差(n=8)为0.60%~2.24%,加标回收率在97.1%~104%。展开更多
The SubBytes (S-box) transformation is the most crucial operation in the AES algorithm, significantly impacting the implementation performance of AES chips. To design a high-performance S-box, a segmented optimization...The SubBytes (S-box) transformation is the most crucial operation in the AES algorithm, significantly impacting the implementation performance of AES chips. To design a high-performance S-box, a segmented optimization implementation of the S-box is proposed based on the composite field inverse operation in this paper. This proposed S-box implementation is modeled using Verilog language and synthesized using Design Complier software under the premise of ensuring the correctness of the simulation result. The synthesis results show that, compared to several current S-box implementation schemes, the proposed implementation of the S-box significantly reduces the area overhead and critical path delay, then gets higher hardware efficiency. This provides strong support for realizing efficient and compact S-box ASIC designs.展开更多
基金The authors are grateful for support from the National Social Science Fund of China(21AJL015).
文摘The Rural Minimum Living Standard Guarantee(Rural Dibao)is an important unconditional cash transfer program to alleviate poverty in rural China.Despite the importance of children’s nutrition in breaking poverty cycles,little is known about the impact of Rural Dibao on child nutrition outcomes.Using China Family Panel Studies(CFPS),this paper examines the effects of Rural Dibao on child nutrition outcomes and investigates potential pathways and heterogeneous effects.We exploit propensity score matching and difference-in-differences techniques to evaluate the effects of the Rural Dibao program on child nutrition outcomes.Our results suggest that Rural Dibao significantly impacts the nutrition outcomes of children up to 15 years of age.Specifically,our results suggest that Rural Dibao improves child height-to-age z-scores by 1.05 standard deviations and lowers the probability of stunting by 11.9 percentage points.Additional analyses suggest that increased protein intake is the main pathway through which Rural Dibao participation contributes to better nutrition outcomes.We also find that the effect of the program is more pronounced among girls,children who are non-left-behind or live with highly educated mothers,and those from low-income families and poor areas.Our findings suggest that Rural Dibao participation helps improve child nutrition outcomes through improving diet quality.
基金National Key Research and Development Program of China,Grant/Award Number:2021YFF0702402National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Number:32070531。
文摘Background:The Mongolian gerbil is an excellent laboratory animal for preparing the cerebral ischemia model due to its inherent deficiency in the circle of Willis.However,the low incidence and unpredictability of symptoms are caused by numerous complex variant types of the circle.Additionally,the lack of an evaluation system for the cer-ebral ischemia/reperfusion(I/R)model of gerbils has shackled the application of this model.Methods:We created a symptom-oriented principle and detailed neurobehavioral scoring criteria.At different time points of reperfusion,we analyzed the alteration in locomotion by rotarod test and grip force score,infarct volume by triphenyltetrazo-lium chloride(TTC)staining,neuron loss using Nissl staining,and histological charac-teristics using hematoxylin-eosin(H&E)straining.Results:With a successful model rate of 56%,32 of the 57 gerbils operated by our method harbored typical features of cerebral I/R injury,and the mortality rate in the male gerbils was significantly higher than that in the female gerbils.The suc-cessfully prepared I/R gerbils demonstrated a significant reduction in motility and grip strength at 1 day after reperfusion;formed obvious infarction;exhibited typi-cal pathological features,such as tissue edema,neuronal atrophy and death,and vacuolated structures;and were partially recovered with the extension of reperfu-sion time.Conclusion:This study developed a new method for the unilateral common carotid artery ligation I/R model of gerbil and established a standardized evaluation system for this model,which could provide a new cerebral I/R model of gerbils with more practical applications.
文摘分布式显示控制系统(以下简称分布式)被广泛应用于指挥调度、视频会议、信息发布等领域,是高清视频信号传输和调度的核心,也担负着大量音频信号的传输和调度任务。分布式在与音频扩声系统之间相互传输音频信号时,通常需要通过非平衡模拟信号线缆实现,存在多次数模(Digital to Analog,D/A)和模数(Analog to Digital,A/D)转换,造成音频信号质量显著下降和精度损失。针对该问题,提出将AES67音频网关作为分布式和音频扩声系统之间的桥梁,在2个系统之间通过AES67实现网际互连协议(Internet Protocol,IP)全数字方式转换与传输,保证高质量的音频传输和性能。
文摘废电解铝阳极碳块经过高温碳化,通过盐酸-硝酸-高氯酸三酸溶解完全后,冷却,完全溶解盐类加入10 mL 1.19 g/mL的盐酸,在优选出最优的仪器工作状态下,创建了ICP-AES法测定废电解铝阳极碳块样品中Fe、Li、K、Ca、Mg的化学分析方法。每个元素的校准曲线相关系数均大于0.999,同时对以上多种元素进行检出限、加标回收试验研究,结果表明其相对标准偏差(n=8)为0.60%~2.24%,加标回收率在97.1%~104%。
文摘The SubBytes (S-box) transformation is the most crucial operation in the AES algorithm, significantly impacting the implementation performance of AES chips. To design a high-performance S-box, a segmented optimization implementation of the S-box is proposed based on the composite field inverse operation in this paper. This proposed S-box implementation is modeled using Verilog language and synthesized using Design Complier software under the premise of ensuring the correctness of the simulation result. The synthesis results show that, compared to several current S-box implementation schemes, the proposed implementation of the S-box significantly reduces the area overhead and critical path delay, then gets higher hardware efficiency. This provides strong support for realizing efficient and compact S-box ASIC designs.
