Assessing soil quality is essential for crop management and soil temporal changes. The present study aims to evaluate soil quality in the Ferralitic soils context countrywide. This assessment was done using multivaria...Assessing soil quality is essential for crop management and soil temporal changes. The present study aims to evaluate soil quality in the Ferralitic soils context countrywide. This assessment was done using multivariate soil quality indice (SQI) models, such as additive quality index (AQI), weighted quality indexes (WQI<sub>add</sub> and WQI<sub>com</sub>) and Nemoro quality index (NQI), applied to two approaches of indicator selection: total data set (TDS) and minimum data set (MDS). Physical and chemical soil indicators were extracted from the ORSTOM’s reports resulting from a sampling campaign in different provinces of Gabon. The TDS approach shows soil quality status according to eleven soil indicators extracted from the analysis of 1,059 samples from arable soil layer (0 - 30 cm depth). The results indicated that 87% of all provinces presented a very low soil quality (Q5) whatever the model. Among soil indicators, exchangeable K<sup>+</sup> and Mg<sup>2+</sup>, bulk density and C/N ratio were retained in MDS, using principal component analysis (PCA). In the MDS approach, 50 to 63% of provinces had low soil quality grades with AQI, WQI<sub>add</sub> and NQI, whereas the total was observed with WQI<sub>com</sub>. Only 25% of provinces had medium soil quality grades with AQI and NQI models, while 12.5% (NQI) and 25% (AQI) presented high quality grades. Robust statistical analyses confirmed the accuracy and validation (0.80 r P ≤ 0.016) of AQI, WQI<sub>add</sub> and NQI into the TDS and MDS approaches. The same sensitivity index value (1.53) was obtained with AQI and WQI<sub>add</sub>. However, WQI<sub>add</sub> was chosen as the best SQI model, according to its high linear regression value (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.82) between TDS and MDS. This study has important implications in decision-making on monitoring, evaluation and sustainable management of Gabonese soils in a pedoclimatic context unfavorable to plant growth.展开更多
背景战场上眼战伤发生率较高,复杂眼战伤应给予准确评估并及时处置,为下一步后送治疗提供准确信息和手术依据,因此探索眼战伤的紧急救治对于提升部队作战能力有重要意义。目的探讨标准化沟通模式SBAR[Situation(现状)-Background(背景)-...背景战场上眼战伤发生率较高,复杂眼战伤应给予准确评估并及时处置,为下一步后送治疗提供准确信息和手术依据,因此探索眼战伤的紧急救治对于提升部队作战能力有重要意义。目的探讨标准化沟通模式SBAR[Situation(现状)-Background(背景)-Assessment(评估)-Recommendation(建议)]联合眼创伤评分系统(ocular trauma score,OTS)建立的标准化模板,在野战医疗所对眼战伤进行标准化分级,是否能给救治过程提供客观准确的信息,指导制定更为合理的救治和后送方案。方法我院野战医疗所在驻训演练过程中联合应用SBAR沟通模式和OTS评分系统,设计适合我院野战医疗所检伤救治流程规范的模板,通过检伤组自评和救治组互评的方式,对比模板应用前后救治主动性、救治时效性、救治准确性、交接流畅性、信息完整性、工作满意度等情况。结果应用SBAR眼外伤检伤标准模板后检伤分类组自评救治主动性(84.53±4.52 vs 78.87±5.00)、救治时效性(86.80±4.089 vs 82.00±4.068)、救治准确性(87.60±4.215 vs 83.37±4.311)、病历信息与收容救治组交接时的流畅性(89.20±4.06 vs 83.97±4.77)、信息完整性(90.00±4.39 vs 83.23±4.61)、工作满意度(91.50±3.93 vs 85.90±4.41)均优于使用前,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。结论SBAR沟通模式联合OTS评分应用于野战医疗所眼部损伤的伤员救治,能够优化救治流程,提高医护人员满意度,值得推广。展开更多
Drought tolerance levels and antioxidant protection mechanisms were evaluated for 21 traditional rice varieties of Assam, India, along with Sahbhagi Dhan （drought tolerant） and IR64 （drought sensitive） as controls...Drought tolerance levels and antioxidant protection mechanisms were evaluated for 21 traditional rice varieties of Assam, India, along with Sahbhagi Dhan （drought tolerant） and IR64 （drought sensitive） as controls. Drought was imposed in hydroponic culture with polyethylene glycol 6000 （PEG6000） that was initially standardized with different concentrations. All the rice varieties showed apparent decreases in growth characteristics under drought stress （initially at 15% for 7 d followed by 20% PEG6000 for 7 d in Yoshida medium）. On the basis of standard evaluation score （SES）, eight rice varieties showed high drought tolerance which were carried forward for further biochemical analyses. Based on different morpho- physiological parameters, SN03 （Bora）, SN04 （Prosad Bhog）, SN05 （Kola Joha）, SN06 （Helash Bora）, SN08 （Salihoi Bao）, SN12 （Kola Amona）, SN20 （Ronga Bora） and SN21 （Sok-Bonglong） were identified as promising drought tolerant varieties. The non-enzymatic antioxidants activities viz., glutathione, ascorbate and enzymatic antioxidant activities such as superoxide dismutase （SOD）, catalase （CAT）, guaiacol peroxidase （GPX）, ascorbate peroxidase （APX）, glutathione reductase （GR） in shoots and roots of all the selected varieties revealed significant level of protection mechanisms as compared with controls. Enhancement in activities of the overall antioxidant enzymes including SOD, GPX, CAT, GR and APX under drought stress reflects their role in the adaptation process under water stress.展开更多
文摘Assessing soil quality is essential for crop management and soil temporal changes. The present study aims to evaluate soil quality in the Ferralitic soils context countrywide. This assessment was done using multivariate soil quality indice (SQI) models, such as additive quality index (AQI), weighted quality indexes (WQI<sub>add</sub> and WQI<sub>com</sub>) and Nemoro quality index (NQI), applied to two approaches of indicator selection: total data set (TDS) and minimum data set (MDS). Physical and chemical soil indicators were extracted from the ORSTOM’s reports resulting from a sampling campaign in different provinces of Gabon. The TDS approach shows soil quality status according to eleven soil indicators extracted from the analysis of 1,059 samples from arable soil layer (0 - 30 cm depth). The results indicated that 87% of all provinces presented a very low soil quality (Q5) whatever the model. Among soil indicators, exchangeable K<sup>+</sup> and Mg<sup>2+</sup>, bulk density and C/N ratio were retained in MDS, using principal component analysis (PCA). In the MDS approach, 50 to 63% of provinces had low soil quality grades with AQI, WQI<sub>add</sub> and NQI, whereas the total was observed with WQI<sub>com</sub>. Only 25% of provinces had medium soil quality grades with AQI and NQI models, while 12.5% (NQI) and 25% (AQI) presented high quality grades. Robust statistical analyses confirmed the accuracy and validation (0.80 r P ≤ 0.016) of AQI, WQI<sub>add</sub> and NQI into the TDS and MDS approaches. The same sensitivity index value (1.53) was obtained with AQI and WQI<sub>add</sub>. However, WQI<sub>add</sub> was chosen as the best SQI model, according to its high linear regression value (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.82) between TDS and MDS. This study has important implications in decision-making on monitoring, evaluation and sustainable management of Gabonese soils in a pedoclimatic context unfavorable to plant growth.
文摘背景战场上眼战伤发生率较高,复杂眼战伤应给予准确评估并及时处置,为下一步后送治疗提供准确信息和手术依据,因此探索眼战伤的紧急救治对于提升部队作战能力有重要意义。目的探讨标准化沟通模式SBAR[Situation(现状)-Background(背景)-Assessment(评估)-Recommendation(建议)]联合眼创伤评分系统(ocular trauma score,OTS)建立的标准化模板,在野战医疗所对眼战伤进行标准化分级,是否能给救治过程提供客观准确的信息,指导制定更为合理的救治和后送方案。方法我院野战医疗所在驻训演练过程中联合应用SBAR沟通模式和OTS评分系统,设计适合我院野战医疗所检伤救治流程规范的模板,通过检伤组自评和救治组互评的方式,对比模板应用前后救治主动性、救治时效性、救治准确性、交接流畅性、信息完整性、工作满意度等情况。结果应用SBAR眼外伤检伤标准模板后检伤分类组自评救治主动性(84.53±4.52 vs 78.87±5.00)、救治时效性(86.80±4.089 vs 82.00±4.068)、救治准确性(87.60±4.215 vs 83.37±4.311)、病历信息与收容救治组交接时的流畅性(89.20±4.06 vs 83.97±4.77)、信息完整性(90.00±4.39 vs 83.23±4.61)、工作满意度(91.50±3.93 vs 85.90±4.41)均优于使用前,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。结论SBAR沟通模式联合OTS评分应用于野战医疗所眼部损伤的伤员救治,能够优化救治流程,提高医护人员满意度,值得推广。
基金supported by UGC,Maulana Azad National Fellowship for Minority Students,Government of India
文摘Drought tolerance levels and antioxidant protection mechanisms were evaluated for 21 traditional rice varieties of Assam, India, along with Sahbhagi Dhan （drought tolerant） and IR64 （drought sensitive） as controls. Drought was imposed in hydroponic culture with polyethylene glycol 6000 （PEG6000） that was initially standardized with different concentrations. All the rice varieties showed apparent decreases in growth characteristics under drought stress （initially at 15% for 7 d followed by 20% PEG6000 for 7 d in Yoshida medium）. On the basis of standard evaluation score （SES）, eight rice varieties showed high drought tolerance which were carried forward for further biochemical analyses. Based on different morpho- physiological parameters, SN03 （Bora）, SN04 （Prosad Bhog）, SN05 （Kola Joha）, SN06 （Helash Bora）, SN08 （Salihoi Bao）, SN12 （Kola Amona）, SN20 （Ronga Bora） and SN21 （Sok-Bonglong） were identified as promising drought tolerant varieties. The non-enzymatic antioxidants activities viz., glutathione, ascorbate and enzymatic antioxidant activities such as superoxide dismutase （SOD）, catalase （CAT）, guaiacol peroxidase （GPX）, ascorbate peroxidase （APX）, glutathione reductase （GR） in shoots and roots of all the selected varieties revealed significant level of protection mechanisms as compared with controls. Enhancement in activities of the overall antioxidant enzymes including SOD, GPX, CAT, GR and APX under drought stress reflects their role in the adaptation process under water stress.
