Quality Standard of Oxyria sinensis Hemsl

[Objectives]To establish the quality standard of Oxyria sinensis Hemsl.[Methods]The method in Chinese Pharmacopoeia(2020 edition)was used to determine the moisture,total ash,acid-insoluble ash and alcohol-soluble extracts of O.sinensis.The qualitative identification of medicinal materials was carried out by microscopic identification method and thin layer chromatography(TLC).The contents of hyperoside and isoquercitrin were determined by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC).[Results]The total amount of moisture,total ash,acid-insoluble ash,alcohol-soluble extract,hyperoside and isoquercitrin of 12 batches of medicinal materials were 8.56%-11.53%,11.26%-15.48%,1.62%-2.56%,17.75%-26.09%,and 0.036%-0.42%,respectively.The microscopic features were obvious,and pores,fibers,calcium oxalate clusters,calcium oxalate square crystals,cork cells could be observed.Fluorescent spots of the same color were displayed at the positions corresponding to the hyperoside reference substance.[Conclusions]Establishing relatively complete quality standards for O.sinensis medicinal materials can provide a reference for the quality control of medicinal materials.

Arrangement of High-standard Basic Farmland Construction Based on Village-region Cultivated Land Quality Uniformity

As an important constitute of land consolidation, high-standard basic farmland construction is an important means to protect the quantity, quality and ecological environment of cultivated land. Its target not only lies in the increase of cultivated land quantity, but also the improvement of cultivated land quality, agricultural production conditions and ecosystem environments. In the present study, the quality evaluation method and construction arrangement of cultivated land were explored to facilitate the process of decision-making and implementation for high-standard basic farmland construction(HSBFC) with administrative village as the unit. Taking the land comprehensive improvement project area in Quzhou County, Handan City, Hebei Province as a case study, the whole process of the study comprised of three steps: 1) establishment of the evaluation model of cultivated land quality uniformity based on regional optimum cultivated land quality, and construction of the uniformity evaluation index system from the aspects of soil fertility quality, engineering quality, spatial quality and eco-environment quality, according to the new concept of cultivated land quality; 2) calculation of cultivated land quality uniformity by grading indicators, assigning scores and weighting sums, exploring the local homogenization characteristics of regional cultivated land quality through spatial autocorrelation analysis, and analyzing the constraints and transformative potential of barrier factors; 3) arrangement of HSBFC according to the principle of concentration, continuity and priority to the easy operation. The results revealed that the value of farmland quality uniformity for the administrative villages in the study area was between 7.76 and 21.96, and there was a difference between various administrative villages. The regional spatial autocorrelation patterns included High-High(HH), Low-Low(LL), High-Low(HL) and Low-High(LH). These indicate that regional cultivated land quality has local homogenization characteristics. The most restrictive factors in the study area were the medium and low transformation difficulty indexes, including soil organic matter content, farmland shelterbelt network density, field regularity and scale of the field. In addition, there were also high transformation difficulty indicators in some areas, such as sectional configuration. The project area was divided into four partitions: major construction area, secondary construction area, general construction area, and conditional construction area. The cultivated land area of each subarea was 1538.85 ha, 1224.27 ha, 555.93 ha, and 1666.63 ha, respectively. This comprised of 30.87%, 24.56%, 11.15% and 33.42% of the total project area, respectively. The evaluation model and index system could satisfy the evaluation of farmland quality and diagnosis of obstacle factors to facilitate the subsequent construction decision. The present study provides reference for the practice of regional HSBFC, and a new feasible idea and method for related studies.

High Standard Capital Farmland Construction Based on Grain Security

In the context that global grain security is still in very severe situation,the grain security situation in China is not optimistic as well. The " Red Line of Farmland Area" cannot completely solve the grain security problems in China. We still need to seek new breakthroughs in the quality and yield of farmland. The construction of high standard capital farmland is the important premise to guarantee national grain security. On this basis,this paper has summarized the difficulties we are facing in the construction of high standard capital farmland,and has proposed the methods and measures to construct high standard capital farmland and lay a solid foundation for grain security in China.

Study on Quality Standards of Children Antipyretic Lotion

[Objectives]To establish suitable quality standards of children antipyretic lotion.[Methods]Qualitative identification was performed for Paederia scandens and Artemisia carvifolia in Children Antipyretic Lotion by thin-layer chromatography(TLC),and the content of paederosidic acid in children antipyretic lotion was determined by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC).Besides,chromatographic column Feinigen XPeonyx C18(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),mobile phase was used,gradient elution was carried out with acetonitrile-0.1%phosphoric acid aqueous solution,the detection wavelength was 236 nm,the flow rate was 1.0 mL/min,the column temperature was 30℃,and the injection volume was 10μL.[Results]The thin-layer chromatography of P.scandens and A.carvifolia reference materials showed clear spots,good separation effect,strong specificity,and no interference in the limit control;paederosidic acid showed a good linear relationship in the range of 0.65-9.75μg(R2=0.9996),the average sample recovery rate was 99.72%(RSD=2.52%).[Conclusions]The qualitative and quantitative methods established in this experiment are simple,reproducible,and the results are accurate and reliable,and can be applied as a quality control method for children antipyretic lotions.

Quality Standard of Compound Quanchangning Capsule

[ Objective] The research aimed to study the quality standard of Compound Quanchangning Capsule. [ Method] Coptis, Phelledendron, Pulsatilla and Astragalus in Compound Quanchangning Capsule were indentified qualitatively by thin layer chromatography （ TLC）, and the content of berberine hydrochloride was determined by high performance liquid chromatography （HPLC）, to study the quality standard of Compound Quanchangning Capsule. [ Result] TLC identification showed that the tested product was clear and well-separated with no interference. Berberine hydrechloride showed a good linear relationship with peak area at the injection volume of 10.92 - 163.74 ~Lg/mL, and the regression equation was Y = 39 611X -2 387. 9 （R2 = 0. 999 8） ; the average recovery was 97.60%, and the relative standard deviation was 1.64% （n =6）. [ Conclusion] The standard is simple in operation and good in specificity, stability and repeatability, which is prompted as a favorable method for quality control of Compound Quanchangning Capsule.

Establishment of Quality Standard for Mongolian Medicines Shoushen and Naishoushen

[Objectives] To systematically identify and analyze pharmacognostical features of Mongolian medicine Shoushen and Naishoushen( dairy tablets) to provide scientific basis for the establishment and identification of its quality standard. [Methods] According to relevant methods specified in Appendix to 2010 Chinese Pharmacopoeia,the water content,total ash,and extracts of Shoushen and Naishoushen were detected,and thin layer chromatography( TLC) was applied to make qualitative identification. Gastrodin was used as the reference substance,extracted with 70% methanol,and then sprayed with ethyl acetate-formic acid-water( 9∶ 1∶ 0. 2) as the developing solvent,and then sprayed with 10% phosphomolybdic acid ethanol solution and heated at 105℃ to clear spot color. UV-Visible spectrophotometry and high performance liquid chromatography( HPLC) were used to analyze the content of polysaccharides and gastrodins in Shoushen and Naishoushen. The chromatographic column was a ZOBB AX eclipse XDB-C_(18)( 4. 6 mm × 250 mm,5 cm) column with the methanol-0. 04% phosphoric acid solution( 8∶92) as the mobile phase,the flow rate of 1. 0mL/min,the detection wavelength of 222 nm,and the column temperature of 30℃.[Results]In the thin-layer chromatography test,spots of the same color appeared at the positions corresponding to the chromatogram of the reference substance. Gastrodin eluted under high pressure reached baseline separation. Gastrodin had a good linearity in the concentration range of 0. 009-0. 09 mg/m L. The regression equation was Y = 586 866 X + 425 821( R^2= 0. 999 6),and the average recovery rate was100. 1%. Precision test,reproducibility test,and stability test conformed to the requirements. The results of extracts of three batches of samples were 26. 13%-42. 58%,water content was 3. 47%-5. 31%,and total ash was 5. 43%-6. 33%. [Conclusions] The quality control method has high reliability,high sensitivity,high specificity,high accuracy,and high stability. The results are expected to provide a scientific basis for the identification,resource utilization,and improvement of quality standard for Shoushen and Naishoushen.

Study on quality standard of Danmu exract syrup

Objective:To establish the quality standard of Danmu exract syrup.Methods:TLC method was used to qualitatively identify Nauclea officinalis in Danmu exract syrup.The content of strictosamide and chlorogenic acid in Danmu exract syrup was determined by high efficiency axillary chromatography.Results:The spots were clear and there was no negative interference.The linear relationship of strictosamide was good in the range of 100~300ug/ml(R^(2)=0.9997).The average recovery was 99.1%and RSD was 1.16%(n=9).Chlorogenic acid had a good linear relationship in the range of 6.7~20.2ug/ml(R^(2)=0.9991).The average recovery was 99.9%and RSD was 1.10%(n=9).Conclusion:The standard is safe and reasonable,the method is simple,accurate and reproducible,and it can be used for the quality control of Danmu exract syrup.

Research of Quality Standards for Stachydrine Hydrochloride in Chinese Medicine TJF Granule

A high-performance liquid chromatographic method was applied to the determination of stachydrine hydrochloride concentration in TJF granule (Chinese name: Tiao-Jing-Fang), using a mobile phase of methanol-acetonitrile (50:50, v/v) by the Agilent Kromasi NH2 column (250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 μm, S/N: 22N25110). Detection wavelength was 201 nm. The result revealed good linearity of stachydrine hydrochloride and was obtained within the range of 0.20 - 1.98 μg/mL (R = 0.9995). The average recovery was 97.01%;the relative standard deviation (RSD) was 0.19%. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report dedicated to the determination of stachydrine hydrochloride by the evaporative light scattering detector-high-performance liquid chromatographic (ELSD-HPLC) method.

Multiple Chromatographic and Chemometric Methods for Quality Standardization of Chinese Herbal Medicines

Quality standardization of complementary medicine is fundamental for industry and practice as it underpins the quality,safety and efficacy of Chinese herbal medicines.Current herbal standardizations are often based on the quantitative analysis of a single compound,which may not reflect the total characteristic,bioactive and toxic nature of the herbs or products.Therefore,there is a need to establish an internationally recognized methodology for quality standardization of Chinese herbal medicines.The analytical methods reviewed in this article are pharmacognosy,TLC,HPLC,LCMS,CE and chemo-metrics.This article also covers the developments and applications of these methods in quality standardization.Recent advances show that a combination of these methods creates an overall chemical profile of each herb.This is supported by results reviewed in this article and obtained in our laboratory tests on medicinal herbs including Hypericum perforatum,Morinda officinalis and Centella asiatica.Significant variations in active components have been observed between herbal samples and products.It is proposed that the identification of active components,pharmacological activities and eventual clinical applications are required for a comprehensive quality standardization system.Our findings indicate that the combination of various chromatographic and chemometric methods will advance the methodology of quality standardization and enhance the overall confidence in herbal medicine for the health practitioner and the public.

数字经济助推贸易强国建设:逻辑、困境与破解之道

数字经济具有数字产业化、产业数字化、数据价值化以及数字化治理的特征,有助于赋予贸易强国建设新动能和新优势。从微观层面看,数字经济以新产品赋能贸易规模、外贸结构;从中观层面看,数字经济以新模式推动产业升级;从宏观层面看,数字经济给国家提供新平台促进外贸提质增效。但是,在赋能发展过程中,在数字化基础设施配备、产品贸易结构、数字核心技术研发、数字治理失灵、数字贸易规则制定等方面存在一定的困境。为此,中国应完善数字基础保障建设、拓展数字中间品贸易、加快突破核心数字技术、健全数字贸易治理监管体系、深化数字贸易规则衔接及国际合作,从而以数字经济助推贸易强国建设,实现高水平对外开放和高质量发展。

新时代黄河流域水土保持标准体系建设框架研究

为了贯彻落实《黄河保护法》,推动黄河流域水土保持各项工作规范化、标准化,满足黄河流域水土保持事业高质量发展的现实需要,根据《黄河保护法》有关规定,结合新时代黄河流域水土保持工作目标和特点,在全面分析水土保持标准体系建立的背景、意义及必要性的基础上,全面梳理现行的水土保持国家标准体系,广泛征集有关省(区)业务人员和专家的意见、建议,组织专家开展专题研究,提出了包括基础类、规划设计类、治理类、淤地坝类、监测类、监管类、信息化类、试验示范类等8类73项标准(其中沿用原有标准48项、建议新增标准25项)的黄河流域水土保持标准体系建设框架。

信用标准化助力个体经济高质量发展思考

个体经济是民营经济中最活跃的因素,对方便人民群众生活、畅通经济微循环发挥了重要作用。然而个体经济也面临着融资难、抗风险能力弱等问题困境。当下,我国经济发展进入新阶段,政府职能加快转变,信用体系和标准化成为经济发展、市场监管的重要制度和关键手段,应利用标准化方式助推个体经济信用体系建设,实现个体经济高质量发展。值得注意的是,质效兼具的制度体系不是孤立存在的,往往需要政策的支撑和实践的检验,个体经济信用标准体系的构建应立足政策和实践的双重辅助,举要治繁,逐步建立,在应用推广中逐步完善优化。

数字经济标准化发展研究

数字经济作为实现经济高质量发展的重要路径,已然成为我国经济增长的新引擎,而标准对数字经济发展起着重要支撑和引领作用。本文首先探讨了数字经济的本质内涵,然后梳理分析了数字经济发展现状、标准化现状及存在问题,最后对数字经济标准化建设提供可参考的建议。

以高水平对外开放推动贸易强国建设:内在逻辑、赋能渠道与实践路径

实施高水平对外开放与推动贸易强国建设存在历史契合性和实践必然性。高水平对外开放赋能贸易强国建设的渠道为:以开放式发展厚植贸易强国建设的要素基础;以开放新优势打造贸易强国建设新动能;以更高水平开放推动贸易结构更趋优化;以开放促改革构筑贸易强国建设的制度保障;以开放之道引领创建普惠共享、互利共赢的国际环境。在明确赋能渠道的基础上,文章提出以高水平对外开放推动贸易强国建设的实践路径包括:推动深层次制度开放,形成以制度开放效应为核心的贸易强国建设新动能体系;推动内外开放联动发展,以高效畅通的国内国际双循环赋能贸易强国建设;实施更大范围对外开放,以多维度的开放势能优化对外贸易区域市场结构;积极主动参与全球经济治理,增强我国在国际经贸体系中的制度性权力,塑造贸易强国建设的良好国际环境。

面向高质量发展与高水平对外开放的高层次国际标准化人才培养创新体系构建

本文主要探讨构建面向高质量发展与高水平对外开放的高层次国际标准化人才培养创新体系的内涵及路径。首先介绍高质量发展与高水平对外开放的背景和内涵,并强调培养高层次国际标准化人才的必要性。接着,分析当前高层次国际标准化人才培养体系存在的问题和挑战,并提出创新实践的方法和建议,包括完善国际标准与人才对接机制、加强国际合作与交流、提升师资队伍水平、加强课程体系建设、鼓励学生参与实际项目、加强终身教育与培训等。最后,通过案例分析,总结成功因素和经验教训,并提出对高层次国际标准化人才培养体系创新实践的建议。

构建更高水平全民健身公共服务体系:基础、重点与实践

全民健身公共服务体系经历了“框架形成—基本建成—高质量发展”的递进式上升过程。在处理人民群众日益增长的健身需求与不平衡不充分有效供给的矛盾中,需要把握好全民健身基本公共服务与全民健身非基本公共服务、城市健身服务与农村健身供给、自主健身活动与赛事健身活动、政府主导与社会力量参与的关系。要全面领会“更高水平”的内涵要旨,推动全民健身公共服务高质量发展;以标准化优化配置资源布局,促进全民健身公共服务均衡发展;发挥全民健身公共服务供给主体的作用,完善共建共治共享的体制机制;智慧化赋能全民健身,提高全民健身公共服务科学化水平;协同体育强国建设的支撑要素,促进全民健身融合发展。

益肝片的质量标准研究

目的:提升益肝片的质量标准。方法:采用薄层色谱法(TLC)鉴别益肝片中的板蓝根、虎杖;采用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)对益肝片中的(R,S)-告依春和大黄素进行含量测定。结果:通过TLC鉴别板蓝根、虎杖,相应斑点清晰、分离度好,阴性无干扰。(R,S)-告依春在进样量0.03~0.15μg范围内与峰面积线性关系良好(r=0.9998),平均加样回收率为97.05%,大黄素在进样量0.0495~0.297μg范围内与峰面积线性关系良好(r=1.0000),平均加样回收率为99.24%。结论:本质量标准能有效鉴别益肝片中的板蓝根、虎杖,也能有效测定(R,S)-告依春和大黄素的含量,且该法简便、可靠、重复性好,可用于益肝片的质量控制。

标准参与、产业链协同与企业高质量发展——基于中国高端装备制造企业的实证分析

在外部环境高度不确定的背景下,中国企业正面临技术和市场资源双重空间挤压的难题,实现高质量发展是破局的关键。技术标准作为技术公共化的载体,具有很强的资源扩展属性,但其在企业高质量发展过程中发挥怎样的作用以及中间机制还不明晰。本文以2008~2022年362家上市高端装备制造企业为研究样本,实证分析标准参与对企业高质量发展的影响,以及产业链协同在其中的作用机制。结果表明:标准参与对产业链协同和企业高质量发展均具有正向影响,产业链协同在标准参与和高质量发展中存在遮掩效应。进一步研究发现,国有、西部地区以及中美贸易摩擦前企业的标准参与更有助于实现高质量发展。本文的研究发现为企业的高质量发展提供了有益思路,也为政府制定规范性和产业性政策提供了一定的参考。

从包容并蓄到统一规范:我国社会保障制度建设的路径演进

包容性是我国社会保障制度建设的典型特征,表现为“多点试错”的政策探索、“海纳百川”的意见吸收和“多元多样”的制度构建。包容性社会保障过于灵活、分散的特点,不利于制度的统一实施、规范运行和可持续发展。从“包容并蓄”走向“统一规范”,是社会保障高质量发展的必然要求,也是中国式社会保障现代化的必由之路。为此,需整合社会保障资源,理顺社会保障机制,赋能科学技术,优化管理服务,筑牢社会保障“统一规范”的制度基础,提升社会保障“统一规范”的治理水平,形成社会保障新质生产力,推动我国社会保障事业高质量发展。

高质量发展背景下住院医师规范化培训师资教学质量影响因素分析——以安徽省某公立医院为例

目的以安徽省某公立医院为例分析住院医师规范化培训带教师资教学质量现状及相关影响因素,探索提高师资教学质量的途径。方法采用分层随机抽样方法抽取安徽医科大学附属宿州医院267名住院医师为研究对象,应用经信效度检验的自拟问卷对其进行线上问卷调查,问卷包括教学意识与教学能力、教学绩效与教学管理、教学病例与教学督导、教学设备设施、晋升与评优5个部分26个条目,利用因子分析方法对收集的问卷进行分析。结果多元线性回归分析表明,性别与教学意识及教学能力维度具有相关性(P=0.013);职称和工作年限与晋升及评优维度具有相关性(P=0.010、P=0.005)。结论教学质量是住院医师规范化培训的核心,从教学意识与教学能力、教学绩效与教学管理、教学病例与教学督导、教学设备设施、晋升与评优等方面完善工作机制可提升培训质量。