Effect of Health Management in Raising Awareness Rate of Disease Prevention and Treatment in Patients with Prehypertension

Objective: To analyze the effect of health management on improving the awareness rate of disease prevention and treatment in patients with prehypertension, so as to provide guidance for clinical management of patients with prehypertension. Methods: 108 patients diagnosed with prehypertension in our hospital were divided into a control group and an experimental group. The control group was not given management measures, while the experimental group was given health management. The incidence of hypertension and cognition level of hypertension knowledge were compared between the two groups after management. Results: The incidence of hypertension in the experimental group was 7.41% lower than that in the control group 29.63%. The cognitive level of hypertension in the patients (66.54 ± 1.25) was significantly higher than that in the patients without health management (41.45 ± 2.45), and P < 0.05;Conclusion: For patients with prehypertension, the implementation of health management is helpful to improve their cognition of hypertension, master related prevention knowledge, and reduce the incidence of hypertension.

Association of cancer prevention awareness with esophageal cancer screening participation rates: Results from a population-based cancer screening program in rural China

Objective: : China have implemented population-based esophageal cancer(EC) screening programs, however,the participant rates were relatively low. This study was conducted to examine the association between cancer prevention knowledge and EC screening participation rates(PRs).Methods: : Data in the analyses were obtained from a population-based cancer screening program in four provinces in China since 2007. In the course of 2007-2016, participants who were evaluated as high risk for EC and subsequently recommended for endoscopy examination were included in the final analysis. One-way analysis of variance test, Chi-square test and logistic regression analysis were applied.Results: : A total of 28,543 individuals assessed as high-risk population for EC were included in this study, with13,036 males(45.67%) and 15,507 females(54.33%). The prevalence rates of current smoking and alcohol drinking were higher in males(58.25% and 44.22%, respectively) than in females(5.35% and 4.05%, respectively).Participants of females, and those who had older age, lower income, as well as higher education level and cancer prevention knowledge level were more likely to undergo endoscopy. Multivariable analysis showed that higher cancer prevention knowledge was associated with higher PR for endoscopic screening [adjusted odd ratio(aORQ4/Q1) =1.511, 95% confidence interval(95% CI): 1.398-1.632] among our study subjects. This association between cancer prevention knowledge and compliance with endoscopic screening also tends to be strong within subgroups of males, females, aged below 60 years, aged 60 years and above, and lower level of education(illiterate individuals and those with junior high education or less).Conclusions: : Our results displayed a positive relationship between cancer prevention knowledge and PRs for endoscopic screening, implying cancer prevention awareness being an independent influence factor for compliance with EC screening. Promoting public campaigns about comprehensive knowledge of cancer prevention seemed to be a reasonable and effective strategy to improve population PRs for EC screening.

Clinical effect of preventive nursing on the rate of deep vein thrombosis in patients with lung cancer: A meta-analysis

Objective:To explore the clinical effect of preventive nursing intervention on deep venous thrombosis rate,nursing satisfaction and average hospitalization time after treatment of lung cancer.Methods:Chinese databases(Wanfang,Weipu and China Knowledge Network)and English databases(Pubmed,Cochrane and Scopus)were searched and read references for relevant research.Statistical analysis was performed using Review Manager 5.3.The odds ratio(OR)and the mean difference(MD)were used as the combined effect values of the comparison groups.Sensitivity analysis was performed by changing the effect model or excluding the literature with a large weight ratio,and the symmetry of the funnel plot was observed for publication bias test.Results:A total of 14 Chinese studies included.Compared with routine nursing intervention,preventive nursing intervention could significantly reduce the rate of deep vein thrombosis after lung cancer treatment[OR=0.16(0.10,0.23)],improve nursing satisfaction[OR=6.42(3.32,12.41)]and shorten the average hospital stay[MD=-7.41(-8.16,-6.65)],without heterogeneous existing.And regardless of whether the lung cancer patient was undergoing resection or chemotherapy,the effect of preventive nursing intervention to reduce the rate of deep vein thrombosis was very significant.Conclusion:Preventive nursing intervention is beneficial to patients with lung cancer,which can significantly reduce the formation rate of deep vein thrombosis,which is worthy of clinical promotion.

Reliability-BasedModel for Incomplete Preventive ReplacementMaintenance of Photovoltaic Power Systems

At present,the operation and maintenance of photovoltaic power generation systems mainly comprise regular maintenance,breakdown maintenance,and condition-based maintenance,which is very likely to lead to over-or under-repair of equipment.Therefore,a preventive maintenance and replacement strategy for PV power generation systems based on reliability as a constraint is proposed.First,a hybrid failure function with a decreasing service age factor and an increasing failure rate factor is introduced to describe the deterioration of PV power generation equipment,and the equipment is replaced when its reliability drops to the replacement threshold in the last cycle.Then,based on the reliability as a constraint,the average maintenance cost and availability of the equipment are considered,and the non-periodic incomplete maintenance model of the PV power generation system is established to obtain the optimal number of repairs,each maintenance cycle and the replacement cycle of the PV power generation system components.Next,the inverter of a PV power plant is used as a research object.The model in this paper is compared and analyzed with the equal cycle maintenance model without considering reliability and the maintenance model without considering the equipment replacement threshold,Through model comparison,when the optimal maintenance strategy is(0.80,4),the average maintenance cost of this paper’s model are decreased by 20.3%and 5.54%and the availability is increased by 0.2395% and 0.0337%,respectively,compared with the equal-cycle maintenance model without considering the reliability constraint and the maintenance model without considering the equipment replacement threshold.Therefore,this maintenance model can ensure the high reliability of PV plant operation while increasing the equipment availability to improve the system economy.

Survey of coverage,strategy and cost of hepatitis B vaccination in rural and urban areas of China

AIM In order to understand the coverage, immunization strategy and cost of hepatitis B (HB) vaccination of China in recent years. METHODS A two stage household random sampling method was used in the survey. RESULTS The survey carried out at 112 Disease Surveillance Points (DSPs) of 25 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities of China in 1996, showed that the coverage rates of HB vaccination among neonates were 96 9% in the urban DSPs and 50 8% in the rural DSPs in 1993-1994, while in students aged 7-9 years, they were 85 8% and 31 5% in 1994, respectively. Up to 1994, 97 5% of the urban DSPs and 73 9% of the rural DSPs on a neonate vaccination against HB program were included in EPI. About 93% of the urban DSPs and 44% of the rural DSPs did HBsAg and HBeAg screening for all or part of pregnant women. The neonates received the regimen of high dose HB vaccine in combination with hepatitis B immune globin (HBIG) if their mothers were HBsAg and/or HBeAg positive in pregnancy, otherwise they received the low dose vaccine (10μg×3). Part of DSPs had a lower neonate coverage due to unreasonable allocation of the vaccines (used for adults not at risk) or higher cost or insufficient supply of the vaccines. It is necessary to evaluate the quality of serological lab test to HBVMs in the maternal prescreening. CONCLUSION Remarkable achievements have been made according to the national planning and policy of HB immunization in China.

Heart rate is an independent predictor of all-cause mortality in individuals with type 2 diabetes: The diabetes heart study

AIM To assess the association of resting heart rate with allcause and cardiovascular disease(CVD) mortality in the Diabetes Heart Study(DHS).METHODS Out of a total of 1443 participants recruited into the DHS, 1315 participants with type 2 diabetes who were free of atrial fibrillation and supraventricular tachycardia during the baseline exam were included in this analysis. Heart rate was collected from baseline resting electrocardiogram and mortality(all-cause and CVD) was obtained from state and national death registry. Kaplan-Meier(K-M) and Cox proportional hazard analyses were used to assess the association.RESULTS The mean age, body mass index(BMI) and systolic blood pressure(SBP) of the cohort were 61.4 ± 9.2 years, 32.0 ± 6.6 kg/m2, and 139.4 ± 19.4 mmHg respectively. Fiftysix percent were females, 85% were whites, 15% were blacks, 18% were smokers. The mean ± SD heart rate was 69.8(11.9) beats per minute(bpm). After a median follow-up time of 8.5 years(maximum follow-up time is 14.0 years), 258 participants were deceased. In K-M analysis, participants with heart rate above the median had a significantly higher event rate compared with those below the median(log-rank P = 0.0223). A one standard deviation increase in heart rate was associated with allcause mortality in unadjusted(hazard ratio 1.16, 95%CI: 1.03-1.31) and adjusted(hazard ratio 1.20, 95%CI: 1.05-1.37) models. Similar results were obtained with CVD mortality as the outcome of interest.CONCLUSION Heart rate is an independent predictor of all-cause mortality in this population with type 2 diabetes. In this study, a 1-SD increase in heart rate was associated with a 20% increase in risk suggesting that additional prognostic information may be gleaned from this ubiquitously collected vital sign.

Space-time evolution rules of acoustic emission location of unloaded coal sample at different loading rates

By using MTS815 rock mechanics test system,a series of acoustic emission(AE) location experiments were performed under unloading confining pressure,increasing the axial stress.The AE space-time evolution regularities and energy releasing characteristics during deformation and failure process of coal of different loading rates are compared,the influence mechanism of loading rates on the microscopic crack evolution were studied,combining the AE characteristics and the macroscopic failure modes of the specimens,and the precursory characteristics of coal failure were also analyzed quantitatively.The results indicate that as the loading rate is higher,the AE activity and the main fracture will begin earlier.The destruction of coal body is mainly the function of shear strain at lower loading rate and tension strain at higher rate,and will transform from brittleness to ductility at critical velocities.When the deformation of the coal is mainly plasticity,the amplitude of the AE ringing counting rate increases largely and the AE energy curves appear an obvious ''step'',which can be defined as the first failure precursor point.Statics of AE information shows that the strongest AE activity begins when the axial stress level was 92-98%,which can be defined as the other failure precursor point.As the loading rate is smaller,the coal more easily reaches the latter precursor point after the first one,so attention should be aroused to prevent dynamic disaster in coal mining when the AE activity reaches the first precursor point.

Discussion on the Problems of Preventing and Controlling Desertification in Forestry Ecological Protection in Shandong Province

Based on years of production practice experience, the technical measures for wind prevention and sand fixation were put forward from the causes and evolu-tion laws of sand wind, which were of great realistic significance to improve the sand prevention work in Shandong.

Warranty Cost Model Based on Optimal Preventive Maintenance Operations for Repairable Products

Most warranty cost models based on preventive maintenance operations are assumed that products improve at each preventive maintenance （PM） operation and the failure rate is reduced to the failure rate of new products or to some specified level. To make warranty cost models more suitable to real operations, a modeling method of the PM warranty cost was proposed with the situation where each PM operation slowed the rate of product degradation. A warranty cost model was built on PM operations. On the basis of the cost model, both without and with reliability limit PM warranty policy, algorithms were presented to derive the optimal PM number and the optimal PM interval with an objective of minimizing expected total warranty cost over a t＇mite warranty period. Finally, to demonstrate the feasibility of the presented modeling method, Weibuil distribution cases were tested by numerical simulations. The simulation results indicate that the proposed modeling method is feasible and valid for resolving the optimal solution of the product warranty cost.

Implication of Reported Viral Hepatitis Incidence Rate Change in Hubei Province, China, between 2004-2010

This study examined the change of reported incidence rate for viral hepatitis in Hubei province, China, between 2004 to 2010 to provide scientific evidence for viral hepatitis control. Reported viral hepatitis infection cases were queried from Centre for Disease Control of Hubei Province, China. The incidence of viral hepatitis A decreased steadily across the study period. Viral hepatitis B composed 85% of the viral hepatitis cases. When reported incidence rates for chronic hepatitis B increased, the rates of acute and unclassified cases dropped from 2005 to 2010. The reported viral hepatitis B incidence rate for males was around 1.5-2 times higher than for females. The average annual percentage change of reported viral hepatitis B incidence rates was 4%. The same index for viral hepatitis C was 28%. The reported viral hepatitis B incidence rate of people under 20 years old declined over the period. This decrease was mainly attributed to the recent implementation of vaccination plan. Reported incidence rate of viral hepatitis E also rose in those years. Having a better understanding on reported incidence rates of the present surveillance system is important for developing strategies for further prevention of viral hepatitis. In addition, the data showed that a surveillance system that differentiates new and former infected cases will be more effective in providing evidence for disease control.

A customized extended warranty policy with heterogeneous usage rate and purchasing date

To increase customers'satisfaction and promote product's competitiveness,a customized extended warranty(EW)policy is proposed,where the diversities in both the usage rate and purchase date are considered.The marginal approach is applied to describe the product's two-dimensional failure in terms of age and usage,respectively.Moreover,minimal repair is adopted to restore the failure,and the virtual age method is applied to depict the effect of preventive maintenance(PM).On this basis,an optimization model is established to minimize the maintenance cost and warranty cost from the manufacturer's view,and multiple factors are taken into account,including the PM's intensity and its period,and EW's interval,etc.A numerical case study is provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.The results show that by considering the product's usage rate and the purchasing date of EW,the number of failures as well as the cost of maintenance and warranty can be reduced effectively.

The Optimization of Preventive Maintenance Scheduling for Production Machine of Production System in Finite Time Horizon

The recursion relation of preventive maintenance (PM) cycle is built up concerning the concept of effective age and age setback factor proposed in this paper, which illustrates the dynamic relationship between failure rate and preventive maintenance activity. And the nonlinear optimal PM policy model satisfying the reliability constraints in finite time horizon following Weibull distribution is proposed. The model built in this paper avoids the shortcoming of steady analytical PM model in infinite time horizon and can be used to aid scheduling the maintenance plan and providing decision supporting for job shop scheduling.

The Study of Cost Rate for Multiple Cold Standby System Replacement Policies

We consider a replacement policy for a multiple-component cold-standbysystem, and after we analyze this policy, we want to get the mean total cost rate and the preventivepolicy to make it the lowest. In this system, the failure rate of the component in operation isconstant, and the inspection will control all the processes of the operation. The system isinspected at random points over time to determine whether it is to be replaced. During the process,the replacement decision is based on the number of failed components at the time of inspection.

车用液氢气瓶快充过程数值研究

车用液氢气瓶加注过程中,因加注速度快且气瓶容积小,极易造成过充现象,导致安全事故发生。针对设有气包防过充装置的车载液氢气瓶建立三维对称模型,采用CFD方法对气瓶快速加注过程开展数值仿真。分析了开孔孔径、加注速率、初始充满率和防过充装置容积对防过充装置性能的影响规律。结果表明:开孔孔径是影响防过充装置性能的主要因素,其限制了液体的流通能力;采用6 mm孔径和初始充装量为50%的状况下,充装结束后气瓶都将过充,最大充装率可达98.4%;采用大容积的防过充装置可以为气瓶预留更多的气相安全空间,但同时也会导致充装量不足等问题,当防过充装置容积为100 L时,最终充装量仅有77.2%。

10种杀虫剂对桃小食心虫防治效果评价

【目的】研究不同杀虫剂对桃小食心虫Carposina sasakii Matsmur的防治效果,筛选环境友好型农药和施药量,为有效控制桃小食心虫的发生与危害提供科学依据。【方法】选择10种新型杀虫剂2022年采用田间小区药效试验,比较不同杀虫剂的防治效果。【结果】10种处理药后7 d防效均较好,处理间无显著性差异(P>0.05),其中10%联苯·氟酰脲悬浮剂、1%苦参碱可溶液剂和12%甲维·虫螨腈悬浮剂,在药剂稀释倍数药后14 d,防效均能达到93.33%以上,1%苦参碱可溶液剂在药后21 d各所有处理区防治效果均在90.00%以上,不同药剂之间在药后14~21 d防治效果有一定波动。【结论】参试10种药剂各处理区药后7 d对桃小食心虫均具有显著的防治效果,其中1%苦参碱可溶液剂、10%联苯·氟酰脲悬浮剂和12%甲维·虫螨腈悬浮剂,施药后14 d防治效果表现优异,可在生产实践中使用。

南京市居民癌症核心知识知晓率及其影响因素研究

目的 了解南京市居民癌症防治核心知识知晓情况及其影响因素,为今后癌症科普宣教方案制定提供参考依据。方法 2021年9—12月在南京12个区采用多阶段分层与人口规模成比例的概率抽样(Probability Proportion to Size,PPS)方法随机抽取15~69岁且在南京本市居住6个月以上的居民作为调查对象,利用《中国居民癌症防治素养调查量表》收集调查对象一般人口学信息、癌症防治核心知识等信息,采用多重线性回归模型分析调查对象癌症核心知识知晓的影响因素。结果 本研究研究对象共纳入3985人,其中男性1756人(44.07%),主城区居民2029人(50.92%),15~35岁、36~45岁和46~69岁者分别占比:37.39%、28.23%和34.38%。癌症防治核心知识中癌症认知、预防、早诊早治、管理、康复5个维度知晓率均达到70.00%。南京市癌症防治核心知识知晓率为80.18%,女性高于男性(82.59%vs 77.11%);主城区居民高于非主城区居民(82.11%vs 78.17%),多因素Logistic回归分析显示:其他民族(OR=0.468,95%CI:0.244~0.898)、初中/高中(OR=1.500,95%CI:1.164~1.932)、大专及以上(OR=2.115,95%CI:1.583~2.825)、机关/事业单位(OR=2.243,95%CI:1.782~2.824)、企业/商业人员(OR=1.477,95%CI:1.173~1.860)、已婚(OR=1.568,95%CI:1.255~1.960)、自评健康状况差(OR=0.342,95%CI:0.195~0.601)、以前吸烟(OR=1.874,95%CI:1.314~2.672)、从不吸烟(OR=1.719,95%CI:1.440~2.051)、无癌症家族史(OR=0.773,95%CI:0.660~0.906)是居民癌症防治核心知识知晓率的影响因素(P均<0.05)。结论 南京市居民癌症防治核心知识知晓率为80.18%,达到《健康中国行动(2019—2030年)》中“癌症防治核心知识知晓率” 2022年70.00%的目标值,今后应针对薄弱环节加强宣传力度,提升南京居民癌症核心知识知晓水平。

不同药剂与施药时期对辣椒炭疽病防治效果的影响

【目的】探明贵州辣椒炭疽病的适宜防治药剂和防治时期,为辣椒炭疽病化学防控提供依据。【方法】选取已登记的15种辣椒炭疽病防治药剂单剂(25%咪鲜胺EC、80%波尔多液WP、50%肟菌酯WG、22.7%二氰蒽醌SC、70%代森锰锌WP、40%百菌清SC、30%琥胶肥酸铜WP、80%克菌丹WG、22.5%啶氧菌酯SC、85%三氯异氰尿酸SPX、40%苯醚甲环唑SC、500 g/L氟啶胺SC、50%咪鲜胺锰盐WP、250 g/L嘧菌酯SC和25%吡唑醚菌酯SC)和1个混剂(40%苯甲•吡唑酯SC)为药剂处理,选取贵州辣椒炭疽病的3个主要致病菌菌株(C.scovillei GL 17-25、C.gloeosporioides GL 17-42和C.fructicola GL 17-147)为防治对象,采用菌丝生长抑制法和离体果实接种法对药剂进行初筛,通过田间试验进一步验证适宜的药剂和防治时期。【结果】25%咪鲜胺EC、50%咪鲜胺锰盐WP、70%代森锰锌WP对3种辣椒炭疽病菌的菌丝生长抑制率均为100.00%;离体果实接种试验表明,除70%代森锰锌WP外,各药剂的平均预防效果均高于治疗效果,25%咪鲜胺EC对3个菌株的预防和治疗效果最好,平均值分别为72.48%和60.01%,其次为25%吡唑醚菌酯SC(43.53%和30.36%)。相比发病中期用药,发病初期用药的病情指数低、防效高,25%吡唑醚菌酯SC和40%苯甲•吡唑酯SC的防效显著(P<0.05)高于25%咪鲜胺EC,前两者发病初期用药的防效分别为86.99%和88.59%,发病中期用药防效分别为50.87%和45.48%。【结论】25%吡唑醚菌酯SC和40%苯甲•吡唑酯SC能有效防治辣椒炭疽病,防治时期以发病初期为佳。

量子防垢技术在油田加热炉的防垢应用研究

加热炉是油田生产运行中的重要设备,结垢不仅会造成加热炉频繁清洗,增加检修成本,而且影响换热效率,减少使用寿命,甚至造成加热炉烧损,导致停产或停输。采用新型管道外置安装量子环防垢器防垢技术,释放有针对性的振动波改变水中钙镁离子的振动特性,减少加热炉在温升过程中CaCO_(3)的结晶和沉积,防垢率可以达到80%以上。量子环防垢器防垢技术对于减少加热炉清洗,提高加热炉炉效和使用效率有着积极的意义,可在油田结垢严重区块推广应用。

某综合医院皮肤性病科门诊梅毒感染分析

目的统计2017年1月至2022年12月滨州医学院附属医院皮肤性病科门诊就诊患者梅毒感染情况,分析其感染率及流行趋势,为制定梅毒防控措施提供依据。方法收集自愿进行梅毒检测患者的一般资料、梅毒螺旋体颗粒凝集试验(TPPA)和快速血浆反应素试验(RPR)检测数据,并进行统计学处理和分析。结果2017至2022年,该院皮肤性病科门诊累计筛查患者6290例,阳性感染者3198例,年筛查人群阳性感染率分别为54.58%、53.19%、52.35%、49.79%、46.21%、45.89%。现症感染者1321例(21.00%),年筛查人群现症感染率分别为23.21%、21.84%、20.99%、19.72%、19.53%、19.45%。感染高发年龄主要集中在21~40岁。感染人群中女性占比高于男性(P<0.05),性别比例为1:0.89。2017至2019年女性占比分别为51.92%、53.19%、58.24%,呈逐年上升趋势,而2020至2022年女性占比明显下降,分别为50.32%、50.81%、50.27%。结论梅毒感染率整体呈缓慢降低趋势,21~40岁为梅毒感染高发年龄段,女性感染率高于男性,而40岁以后女性则低于男性。因此,应加大对梅毒等性传播疾病的监测力度。

美联储调息与人民币汇率变化研究

为改善高通货膨胀的经济环境,2022年美联储宣布加息,不仅影响美国国内而且影响了包括中国在内的开放型经济国家。为提高实证分析结论的准确性,通过构建VAR模型,以此轮美联储加息为背景,选取2006年1月至2023年8月美元兑人民币汇率以及美国联邦基金利率等数据,逐步研究美联储调整利率后部分变量对人民币汇率的影响。研究结果表明,美联储调息的直接影响效果最为显著,且短期的影响效应大于长期。为此,在新发展阶段下,应建立强大的宏观审慎监管体系,适时干预外汇市场,以促进汇率改革与人民币汇率稳定。