Development of a new cerebral ischemia reperfusion model of Mongolian gerbils and standardized evaluation system

Background:The Mongolian gerbil is an excellent laboratory animal for preparing the cerebral ischemia model due to its inherent deficiency in the circle of Willis.However,the low incidence and unpredictability of symptoms are caused by numerous complex variant types of the circle.Additionally,the lack of an evaluation system for the cer-ebral ischemia/reperfusion(I/R)model of gerbils has shackled the application of this model.Methods:We created a symptom-oriented principle and detailed neurobehavioral scoring criteria.At different time points of reperfusion,we analyzed the alteration in locomotion by rotarod test and grip force score,infarct volume by triphenyltetrazo-lium chloride(TTC)staining,neuron loss using Nissl staining,and histological charac-teristics using hematoxylin-eosin(H&E)straining.Results:With a successful model rate of 56%,32 of the 57 gerbils operated by our method harbored typical features of cerebral I/R injury,and the mortality rate in the male gerbils was significantly higher than that in the female gerbils.The suc-cessfully prepared I/R gerbils demonstrated a significant reduction in motility and grip strength at 1 day after reperfusion;formed obvious infarction;exhibited typi-cal pathological features,such as tissue edema,neuronal atrophy and death,and vacuolated structures;and were partially recovered with the extension of reperfu-sion time.Conclusion:This study developed a new method for the unilateral common carotid artery ligation I/R model of gerbil and established a standardized evaluation system for this model,which could provide a new cerebral I/R model of gerbils with more practical applications.

Non-Uniform Pion Tetrahedron Aether and Electron Tetrahedron Model

We propose that the QCD vacuum pion tetrahedron condensate density vary in space and drops to extremely low values in the Kennan, Barger and Cowie (KBC) void in analogy to earth’s atmospheric density drop with elevation from earth. We propose a formula for the gravitation acceleration based on the non-uniform pion tetrahedron condensate. Gravity may be due to the underlying microscopic attraction between quarks and antiquarks, which are part of the vacuum pion tetrahedron condensate. We propose an electron tetrahedron model, where electrons are comprised of tetraquark tetrahedrons, and . The quarks determine the negative electron charge and the or quarks determine the electron two spin states. The electron tetrahedron may perform a high frequency quark exchange reactions with the pion tetrahedron condensate by tunneling through the condensation gap creating a delocalized electron cloud with a fixed spin. The pion tetrahedron may act as a QCD glue bonding electron pairs in atoms and molecules and protons to neutrons in the nuclei. Conservation of valence quarks and antiquarks is proposed.

Constraints on Asymmetric Dark Matter in Quintessence Model

The modified cosmology like quintessence model with kination phase predicted the Hubble expansion rate of the universe before Big Bang Nucleosynthesis is different from the standard cosmological scenario. The modified expansion rate leaves its imprint on the relic density of asymmetric dark matter. In this work, we review the calculation of relic density of asymmetric WIMP dark matter in the standard cosmological scenario and quintessence model with kination phase. Then we use the Planck data to find constraints on the annihilation cross section and the mass of the asymmetric dark matter in those models.

Calculation of the Standard Model Parameters and Particles Based on a SU(4) Preon Model

This paper describes an extension and a new foundation of the Standard Model of particle physics based on a SU(4)-force called hyper-color, and on preon subparticles. The hyper-color force is a generalization of the SU(2)-based weak interaction and the SU(1)-based right-chiral self-interaction, in which the W-and the Z-bosons are Yukawa residual-field-carriers of the hyper-color force, in the same sense as the pions are the residual-field-carriers of the color SU(3) interaction. Using the method of numerical minimization of the SU(4)-action based on this model, the masses and the inner structure of leptons, quarks and weak bosons are calculated: the mass results are very close to the experimental values. We calculate also precisely the value of the Cabibbo angle, so the mixing matrices of the Standard model, CKM matrix for quarks and PMNS matrix for neutrinos can also be calculated. In total, we reduce the 29 parameters of the Standard Model to a total of 7 parameters.

Calculation of Particle Decay Times in the Standard Model

We present here a two-step method of classification and calculation for decay rates in the Standard Model. The first step is a phenomenological classification method, which is an extended and improved schematic experimental formula for decay width originally introduced by Chang. This schematic formula separates decays into seven classes. Furthermore, from it is derived a process-specific interaction energy mX. The second step is a numerical calculation method, which calculates this interaction energy mX numerically by minimization of action from the Lagrangian of the process, from which follows the decay width via the phenomenological formula. The Lagrangian is based on an extension of the Standard Model, the extended SU(4)-preon-model. A comparison of numerically calculated and observed decay widths for a large selection of decays shows a good agreement.

Attribute-Based Re-Encryption Scheme in the Standard Model

In this paper, we propose a new attribute-based proxy re-encryption scheme, where a semi-trusted proxy, with some additional information, can transform a ciphertext under a set of attributes into a new ciphertext under another set of attributes on the same message, but not vice versa, furthermore, its security was proved in the standard model based on decisional bilinear Diffie-Hellman assumption. This scheme can be used to realize fine-grained selectively sharing of encrypted data, but the general proxy rencryption scheme severely can not do it, so the proposed schemecan be thought as an improvement of general traditional proxy re-encryption scheme.

Cryptanalysis and Improvement of a New Certificateless Signature Scheme in the Standard Model

Digital signature,as an important cryptographic primitive,has been widely used in many application scenarios,such as e-commerce,authentication,cloud computing,and so on.Certificateless Public Key Cryptography(PKC)can get rid of the certificate management problem in the traditional Public Key Infrastructure(PKI)and eliminate the key-escrow problem in the identity-based PKC.Lately,a new Certificateless Signature(CLS)scheme has been proposed by Kyung-Ah Shim(IEEE SYSTEMS JOURNAL,2018,13(2)),which claimed to achieve provable security in the standard model.Unfortunately,we present a concrete attack to demonstrate that the scheme cannot defend against the Type I adversary.In this type of attack,the adversary can replace the public key of the signer,and then he plays the role of the signer to forge a legal certificateless signature on any message.Furthermore,we give an improved CLS scheme to resist such an attack.In terms of the efficiency and the signature length,the improved CLS is preferable to the original scheme and some recently proposed CLS schemes in the case of precomputation.

Stability analysis of discrete-time BAM neural networks based on standard neural network models

To facilitate stability analysis of discrete-time bidirectional associative memory (BAM) neural networks, they were converted into novel neural network models, termed standard neural network models (SNNMs), which interconnect linear dynamic systems and bounded static nonlinear operators. By combining a number of different Lyapunov functionals with S-procedure, some useful criteria of global asymptotic stability and global exponential stability of the equilibrium points of SNNMs were derived. These stability conditions were formulated as linear matrix inequalities (LMIs). So global stability of the discrete-time BAM neural networks could be analyzed by using the stability results of the SNNMs. Compared to the existing stability analysis methods, the proposed approach is easy to implement, less conservative, and is applicable to other recurrent neural networks.

Semi-Harmonic Scaling Enables Calculation of Masses of Elementary Particles of the Standard Model

The underlying rules for a natural system describing cellular automata are simple, but produce highly complex behavior. A mathematical basis for the spectra of discrete coherent and non-coherent electromagnetic (EM) frequencies was derived, in which the algorithm exhibits an information distribution according to ratios of 2:3 in 1:2 at a semi-harmonic manner. This generalized music (GM) model shows that energy both in elementary particles and animate systems is semi-harmonic, quantized and discrete. A support for an ontological basis of the Standard Model was found, and indicates that the GM-model underlies the quantum field theory of subatomic particles. The present theory combines quantum mechanics and classical periodic systems, obeys to locality and solves the “hidden variable theory of Bohm”. The discovered pattern of electromagnetic field eigenvalues, within a broad range of discrete frequencies, points at a de Broglie/Bohm type of causal interpretation of quantum mechanics, implying an integral resonant pilot-wave/particle modality. The model has been substantiated by a meta-analysis of measured discrete energies of: 37 different Elementary Particles, 45 different EPR-measurements, zero-point energies of elements and about 450 electromagnetic wave frequencies of cells with a mean accuracy of 0.58%. It has been shown that the GM-scale is frequency-locked with zero-point oscillations, and thereby evidently implies involvement of entanglement.

Quantum Mechanics and General Relativity Identify Standard Model Particles as Black Holes

The Standard Model of particle physics does not account for charged fermion mass values and neutrino mass, or explain why only three particles are in each charge state 0, -e/3, 2e/3, and -e. These issues are addressed by treating Standard Model particles with mass m as spheres with diameter equal to their Compton wavelength l =ħ/mc, where ħis Planck’s constant and c the speed of light, and any charge in diametrically opposed pairs ±ne/6 with n = 1, 2, or 3 at the axis of rotation on the sphere surface. Particles are ground state solutions of quantized Friedmann equations from general relativity, with differing internal gravitational constants. Energy distribution within particles identifies Standard Model particles with spheres containing central black holes with mass m, and particle spin resulting from black hole angular momentum. In each charge state, energy distribution within particles satisfies a cubic equation in l, allowing only three particles in the charge state and requiring neutrino mass. Cosmic vacuum energy density is a lower limit on energy density of systems in the universe, and setting electron neutrino average energy density equal to cosmic vacuum energy density predicts neutrino masses consistent with experiment. Relations between charged fermion wavelength solutions to cubic equations in different charge states determine charged fermion masses relative to electron mass as a consequence of charge neutrality of the universe. An appendix shows assigning charge ±e/6 to bits of information on the event horizon available for holographic description of physics in the observable universe accounts for dominance of matter over anti-matter. The analysis explains why only three Standard Models are in each charge state and predicts neutrino masses based on cosmic vacuum energy density as a lower bound on neutrino energy density.

Neutral Higgs Boson Pair Production in Standard Model with the Fourth GenerationQuarks at LHC

We investigated the neutral Higgs boson pair production at the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC) in the SM with four families. We found that the gluon-gluon fusion mode is the most dominant one in producing neutral Higgs boson pair at the LHC, and it can be used to probe the trilinear Higgs coupling. If the heavy quarks of the fourth generation really exist within the SM, they can manifest their effect on the cross section of the Higgs pair production process at the LHC. Our numerical results show that there will be neutral Higgs boson pair production events per year if the next generation heavy quarks really exist, while there will be only events produced per year if there are only three families in the SM.

Single Production of Heavy Top Quark from Three-Site Higgsless Model

We consider single production of the heavy top quark T predicted by the three-site Higgsless model in future high energy collider experiments, such as the high energy linear e＋ e- collider （ILC）, the linear-ring type ep collider （THERA）, and the CERN Large Hadron Collider （LHC）. Our numerical results show that the possible signals of the heavy top quark T might be detected via the subproeess qb → q＇T at the LHC.

The Top－Charm Associated Production Within the R－Parity Violating Supersymmetric Model in Photon－Proton Collisions

The top-charm associated production with the effects from both B- and L-violating interactions in TeV scale photon-proton collisions is investigated in the framework of minimal supersymmetric standard model. Within the bounds on the relevant R-parity violating couplings, the total cross section will reach the order of 10 fb in some parts of the parameter space.

Research of database-based modeling for mining management system

Put forward the method to construct the simulation model automatically with database-based automatic modeling(DBAM) for mining system. Designed the standard simulation model linked with some open cut Pautomobile dispatch system. Analyzed and finded out the law among them, and designed model maker to realize the automatic pro- gramming of the new model program.

Estimate Totel Number of the Earth Atmospheric Particle with Standard Atmosphere model

The total number of atmospheric particle (AP) is an important datum for planetary science and geoscience. Estimating entire AP number is also a familiar question in general physics. With standard atmosphere model, considering the number difference of AP caused by rough and uneven in the earth surface below, the sum of dry clean atmosphere particle is . So the whole number of AP including water vapor is . The rough estimation for the total number of AP on other planets (or satellites) in condensed state is also discussed on the base of it.

STUDIES ON OPTIMUM MODELS FOR CULTIVATING DAHURIAN LARCH SEEDLINGS ON FRIGID REGIONS

The optimum models for cultivationg the seedlings of Dahurian Larch (Larix gmelim Rupr. ) were studied in the central nursery of Tahe Forestery Bureau from 1989 to 1993. The resultswerc as follows The optimum models of the main morphological standards of the seedlings were30000 kg /hm2 of' decomposed' ash for improviong soil, 70,000 kg/hm2 of excrement and 1,500 kg/hm2of' calcium superphosphate as basal fertilizer , and 500 kg/hm2 of (NH4)2HPO4 and 220 kg/hm2 of'urea as top dressing. During growth perlod of the seedlings, the growth was greatly checked when thesoil water suction (SWS) was uithin 50 ~ 73. 3 kPa or below 10 kPa but greatest when SWS waswithin 30 ~ 40 kPa in initial growth stage and within 10-20kPa in last growth stage. The method for determining the optimum sowing time is to measure the depth of soil thawing, accumulated temperature abovc 5℃ both at 5 cm of the depth of of soil and in atmosphere. In Tahe region, the optimumsowing trme for Dahurian larch for Dahuria larch is about on May 10 when the depth of soil thawing, the accumulatedtemperature above 5℃ at 5 cm of the depth and the accumulated temperature above 5℃ in atmosphere reaches 40 cm. abovc 46℃ and abovae 56℃ respectively. The optimum seedlings density forthis region is 600-800 individuals/m2.

R-Parity Violation Effects on b_1 → bχ_1~0 in Minimal SupersymmetricStandard Model

We investigate in detail the effects of R-parity lepton number violation onthe decay b_1 → bχ_1~0 in the R-parity violating minimal supersymmetric standard model (R_p-MSSM)under the present experimental constraints on R_p parameters. In our numerical calculations weconsider two cases of input parameters of the squark and slepton sectors, M_(squark) 【 M_(slepton)and M_(squark) 】 M_(slepton), for comparison. The results show that the relative R-parity violatingcorrection is not very sensitive to the mass of the lightest neutralino bχ_1~0 the degenerateR-parity violating coupling parameter λ′_2 but strongly depends on M_(squark), M_(slepton) tan βand tie degenerate R-parity violating coupling parameter λ′_1. The relative correction is about -4～ 3% and can exceed -6% in some region of parameter space. Therefore, precise experiment analyseson the decay b_1 → bχ_1~0 may provide a probe of the R-parity violation.

Interval standard neural network models for nonlinear systems

A neural-network-based robust control design is suggested for control of a class of nonlinear systems. The design ap- proach employs a neural network, whose activation functions satisfy the sector conditions, to approximate the nonlinear system. To improve the approximation performance and to account for the parameter perturbations during operation, a novel neural network model termed standard neural network model (SNNM) is proposed. If the uncertainty is bounded, the SNNM is called an interval SNNM (ISNNM). A state-feedback control law is designed for the nonlinear system modelled by an ISNNM such that the closed-loop system is globally, robustly, and asymptotically stable. The control design equations are shown to be a set of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs) that can be easily solved by available convex optimization algorithms. An example is given to illustrate the control design procedure, and the performance of the proposed approach is compared with that of a related method reported in literature.

Asymptotic analysis on weakly forced vibration of axially moving viscoelastic beam constituted by standard linear solid model

The weakly forced vibration of an axially moving viscoelastic beam is inves- tigated. The viscoelastic material of the beam is constituted by the standard linear solid model with the material time derivative involved. The nonlinear equations governing the transverse vibration are derived from the dynamical, constitutive, and geometrical relations. The method of multiple scales is used to determine the steady-state response. The modulation equation is derived from the solvability condition of eliminating secular terms. Closed-form expressions of the amplitude and existence condition of nontrivial steady-state response are derived from the modulation equation. The stability of non- trivial steady-state response is examined via the Routh-Hurwitz criterion.

A new neural network model for the feedback stabilization of nonlinear systems

A new neural network model termed ‘standard neural network model’ (SNNM) is presented, and a state-feedback control law is then designed for the SNNM to stabilize the closed-loop system. The control design constraints are shown to be a set of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs), which can be easily solved by the MATLAB LMI Control Toolbox to determine the control law. Most recurrent neural networks (including the chaotic neural network) and nonlinear systems modeled by neural networks or Takagi and Sugeno (T-S) fuzzy models can be transformed into the SNNMs to be stabilization controllers synthesized in the framework of a unified SNNM. Finally, three numerical examples are provided to illustrate the design developed in this paper.