Many smaller manufacturers utilize production systems such as ＂individual production＂ and the ＂production of many models in small quantities.＂ In the processes for the ＂production of many models in small quantit...Many smaller manufacturers utilize production systems such as ＂individual production＂ and the ＂production of many models in small quantities.＂ In the processes for the ＂production of many models in small quantities＂ by multi-skilled workers, a manufacturer cannot make good use of the management method with standardized work tables used by large enterprises. Thus, it is necessary to develop ways to f＇md standardized work that is suitable for smaller enterprises. Therefore, we investigated two kinds of factories that utilized flexible manufacturing procedures for the ＂production of many models in small quantities,＂ and considered their work instructions, work contents, changeover methods, workers＇ abilities, etc. One of the compared processes was a case where there was defined standardized work, which was not observed. In the other, a QA （quality assurance） network was created to guarantee the quality. Based on the investigation results, we formulated improvement plans, had the supervisors review them, and clarified the characteristics of their problems. The results revealed areas where much attention was required to find standardized work for such processes. In addition, we made it possible to support the specification of difficult tasks and the renewal of standardized work by extending a standardized work table for the entry of workers＇ actions. This paper reports a method to define and make good use of standardized work tables and standardized work combination tables, i.e., a way to find and use standardized work based on the results of the previously mentioned factory investigation.展开更多
Using the temperature compensation and structure optimization design technology,developed the TBQ-2-B type standard pyranometer on the original pyranometer basis,its stability is better than 2%,reached the internation...Using the temperature compensation and structure optimization design technology,developed the TBQ-2-B type standard pyranometer on the original pyranometer basis,its stability is better than 2%,reached the international standard ISO 9060 and the World Meteorological Organization(WMO) instruments and methods of observation Committee(CIMO) on the first level pyranometer request. Over the years,comparing with our national solar radiation standard(absolute cavity radiometer),its performance is very stable. As a working standard pyranometer,it has been used for more than twenty years in the field of metrological calibration of meteorological radiation instruments.展开更多
In the present work, recalibration of the National Institute for Standards （NIS, Egypt） working standard lamps from Osram Inc. and their associated expanded uncertainty budget were done. A set-up composed of ...In the present work, recalibration of the National Institute for Standards （NIS, Egypt） working standard lamps from Osram Inc. and their associated expanded uncertainty budget were done. A set-up composed of an integrating sphere, a standard photometer and a group of five luminous flux standard lamps ranged from 25 to 200 W calibrated and traceable to the National Physical Laboratory （NPL, UK） is used to measure and recalibrate the total luminous flux for these five working standard lamps. After recalibration, NIS （Egypt） maintains the national scales for luminous flux in lumen.展开更多
The overall requirements for standardization work in 2007 are to continuouslypush forward the implementation of the national standardization strategy, to comprehensivelyimprove the effectiveness of standardization in ...The overall requirements for standardization work in 2007 are to continuouslypush forward the implementation of the national standardization strategy, to comprehensivelyimprove the effectiveness of standardization in upgrading product quality, to promote industrialdevelopment, to save resources and build a harmonious society, and to further enhance the strategicposition of China in international trade.The latter is guided by Deng Xiaoping Theory and theimportant concept of 'Three Represents,' as well as having, 'Technological Innovation' as thedriving force, and the intensification of China's national competitive power as the core intent. Tothis end, the following tasks must be undertaken as top priorities.展开更多
文摘Many smaller manufacturers utilize production systems such as ＂individual production＂ and the ＂production of many models in small quantities.＂ In the processes for the ＂production of many models in small quantities＂ by multi-skilled workers, a manufacturer cannot make good use of the management method with standardized work tables used by large enterprises. Thus, it is necessary to develop ways to f＇md standardized work that is suitable for smaller enterprises. Therefore, we investigated two kinds of factories that utilized flexible manufacturing procedures for the ＂production of many models in small quantities,＂ and considered their work instructions, work contents, changeover methods, workers＇ abilities, etc. One of the compared processes was a case where there was defined standardized work, which was not observed. In the other, a QA （quality assurance） network was created to guarantee the quality. Based on the investigation results, we formulated improvement plans, had the supervisors review them, and clarified the characteristics of their problems. The results revealed areas where much attention was required to find standardized work for such processes. In addition, we made it possible to support the specification of difficult tasks and the renewal of standardized work by extending a standardized work table for the entry of workers＇ actions. This paper reports a method to define and make good use of standardized work tables and standardized work combination tables, i.e., a way to find and use standardized work based on the results of the previously mentioned factory investigation.
文摘Using the temperature compensation and structure optimization design technology,developed the TBQ-2-B type standard pyranometer on the original pyranometer basis,its stability is better than 2%,reached the international standard ISO 9060 and the World Meteorological Organization(WMO) instruments and methods of observation Committee(CIMO) on the first level pyranometer request. Over the years,comparing with our national solar radiation standard(absolute cavity radiometer),its performance is very stable. As a working standard pyranometer,it has been used for more than twenty years in the field of metrological calibration of meteorological radiation instruments.
文摘In the present work, recalibration of the National Institute for Standards （NIS, Egypt） working standard lamps from Osram Inc. and their associated expanded uncertainty budget were done. A set-up composed of an integrating sphere, a standard photometer and a group of five luminous flux standard lamps ranged from 25 to 200 W calibrated and traceable to the National Physical Laboratory （NPL, UK） is used to measure and recalibrate the total luminous flux for these five working standard lamps. After recalibration, NIS （Egypt） maintains the national scales for luminous flux in lumen.
文摘The overall requirements for standardization work in 2007 are to continuouslypush forward the implementation of the national standardization strategy, to comprehensivelyimprove the effectiveness of standardization in upgrading product quality, to promote industrialdevelopment, to save resources and build a harmonious society, and to further enhance the strategicposition of China in international trade.The latter is guided by Deng Xiaoping Theory and theimportant concept of 'Three Represents,' as well as having, 'Technological Innovation' as thedriving force, and the intensification of China's national competitive power as the core intent. Tothis end, the following tasks must be undertaken as top priorities.
