Comparative outcome of stapled trans-anal rectal resection and macrogol in the treatment of defecation disorders

AIM:To prospectively assess the eff icacy and safety of stapled trans-anal rectal resection(STARR) compared to standard conservative treatment,and whether preoperative symptoms and findings at defecography and anorectal manometry can predict the outcome of STARR.METHODS:Thirty patients(Female,28;age:51 ± 9 years) with rectocele or rectal intussusception,a defecation disorder,and functional constipation were submitted for STARR.Thirty comparable patients(Female,30;age 53 ± 13 years),who presented with symptoms of rectocele or rectal intussusception and were treated with macrogol,were assessed.Patients were interviewed with a standardized questionnaire at study enrollment and 38 ± 18 mo after the STARR procedure or during macrogol treatment.A responder was def ined as an absence of the Rome Ⅲ diagnostic criteria for functional constipation.Defecography and rectoanal manometry were performed before and after the STARR procedure in 16 and 12 patients,respectively.RESULTS:After STARR,53% of patients were responders;during conservative treatment,75% were responders.After STARR,30% of the patients reported the use of laxatives,17% had intermittent anal pain,13% had anal leakage,13% required digital facilitation,6% experienced defecatory urgency,6% experienced fecal incontinence,and 6% required re-intervention.During macrogol therapy,23% of the patients complained of abdominal bloating and 13% of borborygmi,and 3% required digital facilitation.No preoperative symptom,defecographic,or manometric finding predicted the outcome of STARR.Post-operative defecography showed a statistically significant reduction(P < 0.05) of the rectal diameter and rectocele.The postoperative anorectal manometry showed that anal pressure and rectal sensitivity were not significantly modified,and that rectal compliance was reduced(P = 0.01).CONCLUSION:STARR is not better and is less safe than macrogol in the treatment of defecation disorders.It could be considered as an alternative therapy in patients unresponsive to macrogol.

Stapled transanal rectal resection for obstructed defecation syndrome associated with rectocele and rectal intussusception

AIM:To evaluate the safety and efficacy of stapled transanal rectal resection(STARR),and to analyze the outcome of the patients 12-mo after the operation.METHODS:From May 2007 to October 2008,50 female patients with rectocele and/or rectal intussusception underwent STARR.The preoperative status,perioperative and postoperative complications at baseline,3,6 and 12-mo were assessed.Data were collected prospectively from standardized questionnaires for the assessment of constipation[constipation scoring system,Longo’s obstructed defecation syndrome(ODS)score system,symptom severity score],patient satisfaction (visual analogue scale),and quality of life(Patient Assessment of Constipation-Quality of Life Questionnaire).RESULTS:At a 12-mo follow-up,significant improvement in the constipation scoring system,ODS score system,symptom severity score,visual analog scale and quality of life(P<0.0001)was observed.The symptoms of constipation improved in 90%of patients at 12 mo after surgery.The self-reported definitive outcome was excellent in 15(30%)patients,fairly good in 8(16%),good in 22(44%),and poor in 5(10%).CONCLUSION:STARR can be performed safely without major morbidity.Moreover,the procedure seems to be effective for patients with obstructed defecation associated with symptomatic rectocele and rectal intussusception.

Midterm outcome of stapled transanal rectal resection for obstructed defecation syndrome:A single-institution experience in China

AIM:To assess midterm results of stapled transanal rectal resection(STARR)for obstructed defecation syndrome(ODS)and predictive factors for outcome.METHODS:From May 2007 to May 2009,75 female patients underwent STARR and were included in the present study.Preoperative and postoperative workup consisted of standardized interview and physical examination including proctoscopy,colonoscopy,anorectal manometry,and defecography.Clinical and functional results were assessed by standardized questionnaires for the assessment of constipation constipation scoring system(CSS),Longo’s ODS score,and symptom severity score(SSS),incontinence Wexner incontinence score(WS),quality of life Patient Assessment of Constipation-Quality of Life Questionnaire(PAC-QOL),and patient satisfaction visual analog scale(VAS).Data were collected prospectively at baseline,12 and 30 mo.RESULTS:The median follow-up was 30 mo(range,30-46 mo).Late postoperative complications occurred in 11(14.7%)patients.Three of these patients required procedure-related reintervention(one diverticulectomy and two excision of staple granuloma).Although the recurrence rate was 10.7%,constipation scores(CSS,ODS score and SSS)significantly improved after STARR(P<0.0001).Significant reduction in ODS symptoms was matched by an improvement in the PAC-QOL and VAS(P<0.0001),and the satisfaction index was excellent in 25(33.3%)patients,good in 23(30.7%),fairly good in 14(18.7%),and poor in 13(17.3%).Nevertheless,the WS increased after STARR(P=0.0169).Incontinence was present or deteriorated in 8(10.7%)patients;6(8%)of whom were new onsets.Univariate analysis revealed that the occurrence of fecal incontinence(preoperative,postoperative or new-onset incontinence;P=0.028,0.000,and 0.007,respectively)was associated with the success of the operation.CONCLUSION:STARR is an acceptable procedure for the surgical correction of ODS.However,its impact on symptomatic recurrence and postoperative incontinence may be problematic.

Khubchandani's procedure combined with stapled posterior rectal wall resection for rectocele

BACKGROUND Obstructed defecation syndrome(ODS) is a widespread disease in the world.Rectocele is the most common cause of ODS in females. Multiple procedures have been performed to treat rectocele and no procedure has been accepted as the gold-standard procedure. Stapled transanal rectal resection(STARR) has been widely used. However, there are still some disadvantages in this procedure and its effectiveness in anterior wall repair is doubtful. Therefore, new procedures are expected to further improve the treatment of rectocele.AIM To evaluate the efficacy and safety of a novel rectocele repair combining Khubchandani's procedure with stapled posterior rectal wall resection.METHODS A cohort of 93 patients were recruited in our randomized clinical trial and were divided into two different groups in a randomized manner. Forty-two patients(group A) underwent Khubchandani's procedure with stapled posterior rectal wall resection and 51 patients(group B) underwent the STARR procedure.Follow-up was performed at 1, 3, 6, and 12 mo after the operation. Preoperative and postoperative ODS scores and depth of rectocele, postoperative complications, blood loss, and hospital stay of each patient were documented. All data were analyzed statistically to evaluate the efficiency and safety of our procedure.RESULTS In group A, 42 patients underwent Khubchandani's procedure with stapled posterior rectal wall resection and 34 were followed until the final analysis. In group B, 51 patients underwent the STARR procedure and 37 were followed until the final analysis. Mean operative duration was 41.47 ± 6.43 min(group A) vs39.24 ± 6.53 min(group B). Mean hospital stay was 3.15 ± 0.70 d(group A) vs 3.14± 0.54 d(group B). Mean blood loss was 10.91 ± 2.52 mL(group A) vs 10.14 ± 1.86 m L(group B). Mean ODS score in group A declined from 16.50 ± 2.06 before operation to 5.06 ± 1.07 one year after the operation, whereas in group B it was17.11 ± 2.57 before operation and 6.03 ± 2.63 one year after the operation. Mean depth of rectocele decreased from 4.32 ± 0.96 cm(group A) vs 4.18 ± 0.95 cm(group B) preoperatively to 1.19 ± 0.43 cm(group A) vs 1.54 ± 0.82 cm(group B)one year after operation. No other serious complications, such as rectovaginal fistula, perianal sepsis, or deaths, were recorded. After 12 mo of follow-up, 30 patients'(30/34, 88.2%) final outcomes were judged as effective and 4(4/34,11.8%) as moderate in group A, whereas in group B, 30(30/37, 81.1%) patients' outcomes were judged as effective, 5(5/37, 13.5%) as moderate, and 2(2/37,5.4%) as poor.CONCLUSION Khubchandani's procedure combined with stapled posterior rectal wall resection is an effective, feasible, and safe procedure with minor trauma to rectocele.

Can trans-anal reinforcing sutures after double stapling in lower anterior resection reduce the need for a temporary diverting ostomy?

AIM:To evaluate trans-anal reinforcing sutures in low anterior resection using the double-stapled anastomosis technique for primary rectal cancers performed at a single institution.METHODS:The data of patients who received transanal reinforcing sutures were compared with those of patients who did not receive them after low anterior resection.Patients who underwent laparoscopic low anterior resection and the double-stapled anastomosis technique for primary rectal cancer between January2008 and December 2011 were included in this study.Patients with no anastomosis,a hand-sewn anastomosis,high anterior resection,or preoperative chemoradiation were excluded.The primary outcomes measured were the incidence of postoperative anastomotic complications and placement of a diverting ileostomy.RESULTS:Among 110 patients,the rate of placement of a diverting ileostomy was significantly lower in the suture group(SG)compared with the non-suture control group(CG)[SG,n=6(12.8%);CG,n=19(30.2%),P=0.031].No significant difference was observed in the rate of anastomotic leakage[SG,n=3(6.4%);CG,n=5(7.9%)].CONCLUSION:Trans-anal reinforcing sutures may reduce the need for diverting ileostomy.A randomized prospective study with a larger population should be performed in the future to demonstrate the efficacy of trans-anal reinforcing sutures.

Failed stapled rectal resection in a constipated patient with rectal aganglionosis

A rare case of a severely constipated patient with rectal aganglionosis is herein reported.The patient,who had no megacolon/megarectum,underwent a STARR,i.e.,stapled transanal rectal resection,for obstructed defecation,but her symptoms were not relieved.She started suffering from severe chronic proctalgia possibly due to peri-retained staples fibrosis.Intestinal transit times were normal and no megarectum/megacolon was found at barium enema.A diverting sigmoidostomy was then carried out,which was complicated by an early parastomal hernia,which affected stoma emptying.She also had a severe diverting proctitis,causing rectal bleeding,and still complained of both proctalgia and tenesmus.A deep rectal biopsy under anesthesia showed no ganglia in the rectum,whereas ganglia were present and normal in the sigmoid at the stoma site.As she refused a Duhamel procedure,an intersphincteric rectal resection and a refashioning of the stoma was scheduled.This case report shows that a complete assessment of the potential causes of constipation should be carried out prior to any surgical procedure.

Magnetic resonance imaging-based deep learning model to predict multiple firings in double-stapled colorectal anastomosis

BACKGROUND Multiple linear stapler firings during double stapling technique(DST)after laparoscopic low anterior resection(LAR)are associated with an increased risk of anastomotic leakage(AL).However,it is difficult to predict preoperatively the need for multiple linear stapler cartridges during DST anastomosis.AIM To develop a deep learning model to predict multiple firings during DST anastomosis based on pelvic magnetic resonance imaging(MRI).METHODS We collected 9476 MR images from 328 mid-low rectal cancer patients undergoing LAR with DST anastomosis,which were randomly divided into a training set(n=260)and testing set(n=68).Binary logistic regression was adopted to create a clinical model using six factors.The sequence of fast spin-echo T2-weighted MRI of the entire pelvis was segmented and analyzed.Pure-image and clinical-image integrated deep learning models were constructed using the mask region-based convolutional neural network segmentation tool and three-dimensional convolutional networks.Sensitivity,specificity,accuracy,positive predictive value(PPV),and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve(AUC)was calculated for each model.RESULTS The prevalence of≥3 linear stapler cartridges was 17.7%(58/328).The prevalence of AL was statistically significantly higher in patients with≥3 cartridges compared to those with≤2 cartridges(25.0%vs 11.8%,P=0.018).Preoperative carcinoembryonic antigen level>5 ng/mL(OR=2.11,95%CI 1.08-4.12,P=0.028)and tumor size≥5 cm(OR=3.57,95%CI 1.61-7.89,P=0.002)were recognized as independent risk factors for use of≥3 linear stapler cartridges.Diagnostic performance was better with the integrated model(accuracy=94.1%,PPV=87.5%,and AUC=0.88)compared with the clinical model(accuracy=86.7%,PPV=38.9%,and AUC=0.72)and the image model(accuracy=91.2%,PPV=83.3%,and AUC=0.81).CONCLUSION MRI-based deep learning model can predict the use of≥3 linear stapler cartridges during DST anastomosis in laparoscopic LAR surgery.This model might help determine the best anastomosis strategy by avoiding DST when there is a high probability of the need for≥3 linear stapler cartridges.

Resected specimen evaluation,anorectal manometry,endoanal ultrasonography and clinical follow-up after STARR procedures

AIM:To investigate stapled transanal rectal resection (STARR) procedures as surgical techniques for obstructed defecation syndrome (ODS) by analyzing specimen evaluation,anorectal manometry,endoanal ultrasonography and clinical follow-up.METHODS:From January to December 2007,we have treated 30 patients.Fifteen treated with double PPH-01 staplers and 15 treated using new CCS 30 contour.Resected specimen were measured with respect to average surface and volume.All patients have been evaluated at 24 mo with clinical examination,anorectal manometry and endoanal ultrasonography.RESULTS:Average surface in the CCS 30 group was 54.5 cm2 statistically different when compared to the STARR group (36.92 cm2).The average volume in the CCS 30 group was 29.8 cc,while in the PPH-01 it was23.8 cc and difference was statistically significant.The mean hospital stay in the CCS 30 group was 3.1 d,while in the PPH-01 group the median hospital stay was 3.4 d.As regards the long-term follow-up,an overall satisfactory rate of 83.3% (25/30) was achieved.Endoanal ultrasonography performed 1 year following surgery was considered normal in both of the studied groups.Mean resting pressure was higher than the preoperative value (67.2 mmHg in the STARR group and 65.7 mmHg in the CCS30 group vs 54.7 mmHg and 55.3 mmHg,respectively).Resting and squeezing pressures were lower in those patients not satisfied,but data are not statistically significant.CONCLUSION:The STARR procedure with two PPH-01 is a safe surgical procedure to correct ODS.The new Contour CCS 30 could help to increase the amount of the resected tissue without differences in early complications,post-operative pain and in hospital stay compared to the STARR with two PPH-01 technique.

Prognostic and predictive value of interstitial cells of Cajal populations following stapled transanal rectal resection(STARR)in patients with obstructed defecation syndrome

Objective:The present study was designed to evaluate the functional outcome of stapled transanal rectal resection(STARR)and to examine the relationship between the population density of the interstitial cells of Cajal(ICC)and the efficacy of the STARR operation in the management of obstructed defecation syndrome(ODS)patients.Methods:Full-thickness rectal samples were obtained from 50 ODS patients who underwent STARR.Samples were analysed using ICC immunohistochemistry.Clinical and functional parameters obtained with defecography and anorectal manometry were compared with 20 controls.Results:ICCs were significantly decreased in patients in the submucosal(SM),intramuscular(IM)andmyenteric(MY)regions when compared with the control group(P<0.05).The mean pre-operative Cleveland Constipation Score(CCS)was 24.264.1,whilst the CCS at 1,2,3,4 and 5 years post-operatively decreased significantly(P<0.05).At 3 post-operative years,58.3%(28/48)of the patients reported a favorable outcome(CCS10).On univariate analysis,the functional results were worse in those with pre-operative digitation(P=0.017),a decreased ICC-MY cell population(P=0.067),a higher resting anal canal pressure(P=0.039)and a higher rectal sensory threshold(P=0.073).Multivariate analysis showed the decreased ICC-MY cell population was an independent predictor for low unfavorable functional outcome(odds ratio=0.097,95%confidence interval:0.012–0.766).Conclusions:STARR achieved acceptable results at the cost of a slight deterioration over amore prolonged follow-up.Patients with a decreased ICC number in the rectal specimen showed an unfavorable functional outcome where pre-operative histological assessment of a full-thickness rectal samplemight predict for the functional outcome following STARR.

PPH术与STARR术对Ⅳ度混合痔患者康复效果的影响

目的:比较吻合器痔上黏膜环切钉合(Procedure for prolapse and hemorrhoids,PPH)术与经肛吻合器直肠切除(Stapled trans-anal rectal resection,STARR)术对Ⅳ度混合痔患者康复效果的影响。方法:选取2021年1月至2023年12月南阳市第二人民医院收治的Ⅳ度混合痔患者86例,随机分为STARR术组和PPH术组(n=43),分别采用STARR术和PPH术治疗。住院期间比较两组手术及术后恢复指标;术前、术后12 h、24 h、36 h,采用视觉疼痛模拟量表(Visual analogue scale,VAS)评估疼痛程度;术前、术后3 d,采用酶联免疫吸附法检测血清肿瘤坏死因子-α(Tumor necrosis factor-α,TNF-α)、白细胞介素-17(Interleukin-17,IL-17)、高敏C反应蛋白(Highly sensitive C-reactive protein,hs-CRP);术后3 d,比较两组排便功能恢复及并发症情况。结果:PPH术组术中总失血量低于STARR术组,手术用时、住院天数、创面愈合时间短于STARR术组(P<0.05);术后12 h、24 h、36 h,PPH术组VAS评分均低于STARR术组(P<0.05);术后3 d,PPH术组血清TNF-α、IL-17、hs-CRP水平低于STARR术组(P<0.05);术后3 d,PPH术组术后排便功能恢复优于STARR术组(P<0.05);PPH术组术后并发症总发生率低于STARR术组(P<0.05)。结论:PPH术治疗Ⅳ度混合痔能缩短手术用时,减少术中出血,减轻炎症反应,降低术后疼痛,改善术后排便功能,加快康复进程。

Neoadjuvant radiotherapy for rectal cancer management

Thirty per cent of all colorectal tumours develop in the rectum.The location of the rectum within the bony pelvis and its proximity to vital structures presents significant therapeutic challenges when considering neoadjuvant options and surgical interventions.Most patients with early rectal cancer can be adequately managed by surgery alone.However,a significant proportion of patients with rectal cancer present with locally advanced disease and will potentially benefit from down staging prior to surgery.Neoadjuvant therapy involves a variety of options including radiotherapy,chemotherapy used alone or in combination.Neoadjuvant radiotherapy in rectal cancer has been shown to be effective in reducing tumour burden in advance of curative surgery.The gold standard surgical rectal cancer management aims to achieve surgical removal of the tumour and all draining lymph nodes,within an intact mesorectal package,in order to minimise local recurrence.It is critically important that all rectal cancer cases are discussed at a multidisciplinary meeting represented by all relevant specialties.Pre-operative staging including CT thorax,abdomen,pelvis to assess for distal disease and magnetic resonance imaging to assess local involvement is essential.Staging radiology and MDT discussion are integral in identifying patients who require neoadjuvant radiotherapy.While Neoadjuvant radiotherapy is potentially beneficial it may also result in morbidity and thus should be reserved for those patients who are at a high risk of local failure,which includes patients with nodal involvement,extramural venous invasion and threatened circumferential margin.The aim of this review is to discuss the role of neoadjuvant radiotherapy in the management of rectal cancer.

Consensus statement AIGO/SICCR diagnosis and treatment of chronic constipation and obstructed defecation(Part Ⅱ:Treatment)

The second part of the Consensus Statement of the Italian Association of Hospital Gastroenterologists and Italian Society of Colo-Rectal Surgery reports on the treatment of chronic constipation and obstructed defecation. There is no evidence that increasing fluid intake and physical activity can relieve the symptoms of chronic constipation. Patients with normal-transit constipation should increase their fibre intake through their diet or with commercial fibre. Osmotic laxatives may be effective in patients who do not respond to fibre supplements. Stimulant laxatives should be re- served for patients who do not respond to osmotic laxatives. Controlled trials have shown that serotonin- ergic enterokinetic agents, such as prucalopride, and prosecretory agents, such as lubiprostone, are effec- tive in the treatment of patients with chronic constipa- tion. Surgery is sometimes necessary. Total colectomy with ileorectostomy may be considered in patients with slow-transit constipation and inertia coil who are resistant to medical therapy and who do not have defecatory disorders, generalised motility disorders or psychological disorders. Randomised controlled trials have established the efficacy of rehabilitative treat- ment in dys-synergic defecation. Many surgical proce- dures may be used to treat obstructed defecation in patients with acquired anatomical defects, but none is considered to be the gold standard. Surgery should be reserved for selected patients with an impaired quality of life. Obstructed defecation is often associated with pelvic organ prolapse. Surgery with the placement of prostheses is replacing fascial surgery in the treatment of pelvic organ prolapse, but the efficacy and safety of such procedures have not yet been established.

保肛根治术治疗低位直肠癌156例临床分析

目的探讨运用吻合器施行低位直肠癌保肛根治术的适应证、手术方法和相关技巧。方法回顾性分析近5年在该科应用吻合器施行保肛根治术的156例低位直肠癌患者的临床资料。结果该组行根治性切除148例,姑息性切除8例;低位Dixon手术84例,超低位Dixon手术46例,Parks手术26例。术后吻合口瘘2例,吻合口狭窄3例,伤口感染5例,均经保守治疗治愈。105例获得6个月～5年随访,43例术后有不同程度的排便习惯改变,大便频率2,3次/d,性功能障碍13例,吻合口复发7例,盆腔复发5例。因肝转移死亡5例,脑转移死亡2例。结论应用吻合器械对低位直肠癌实施保肛根治手术,具有安全可靠、简易快捷、成功率高、并发症少、术后生活质量高等优点,值得临床推广。

吻合器经肛门直肠切除术治疗重度痔疮临床效果分析

目的评价吻合器经肛门直肠切除术治疗重度痔疮的临床效果,并探讨其对痔疮远期复发情况的影响。方法选择河南省安阳地区医院收治的125例重度痔疮患者,根据手术方式将患者分为对照组58例(吻合器痔上黏膜环形切除术)和观察组67例(吻合器经肛门直肠切除术),比较2组患者术中情况、临床疗效、住院时间、住院费用及术后并发症。对2组患者随访3 a,比较其复发率。结果观察组患者的手术时间和住院费用显著高于对照组(P<0.05);2组患者的术中出血量和住院时间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。2组患者术后7 d出血、疼痛程度、肛门坠胀感及肛周水肿情况均优于术后1 d(P<0.05);观察组患者在术后1 d的疼痛程度显著强于对照组(P<0.05),2组患者术后1 d出血情况、肛门坠胀感及肛周水肿评分和术后7 d的出血情况、疼痛程度、肛门坠胀感及肛周水肿评分比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。2组患者术后各发生尿潴留2例、感染1例、出血1例,2组患者术后并发症发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。观察组患者术后3 a复发率显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论吻合器痔上黏膜环形切除术和吻合器经肛门直肠切除术均能有效治疗重度痔疮;尽管吻合器经肛门直肠切除术的手术时间及治疗费用高于吻合器痔上黏膜环形切除术,但其远期复发率较低。

国产内镜吻合器在腹腔镜辅助直肠癌根治术中的应用

目的通过对比分析国产与进口内镜吻合器在腹腔镜辅助直肠癌根治（Dixon）术中的应用效果,探讨国产内镜吻合器的安全性及可行性。方法收集2012年2月~2013年12月期间在本院确诊为直肠癌需行腹腔镜辅助直肠癌根治的病例64例,随机分为研究组35例和对照组29例。术中研究组使用瑞奇外科器械（北京）有限公司生产的ENDO RLC通用内镜直线切割吻合器及一次性钉匣和一次性使用RCS系列端端吻合器,对照组使用强生医疗器材有限公司已广泛应用于临床的对应产品。对比分析两组病例术中及术后情况。结果所有病例均取得了满意的治疗效果。两组间的手术时间、术中吻合成功率、术后并发症（吻合口出血、吻合口瘘、吻合口狭窄）发生率无统计学差异（P〉0.05）,而研究组术中所用内镜吻合器的平均费用低于对照组（6604.31±699.95 vs 7822.28±576.98）,有明显统计学差异（P〈0.05）。结论瑞奇外科器械（北京）有限公司生产的国产内镜吻合器应用于腹腔镜辅助直肠癌根治手术中是安全、有效的,并且还可相对降低手术费用,值得临床推广应用。

拖出式单、双吻合法在超低位直肠癌术中应用的比较研究

目的：探讨拖出式单、双吻合术式在超低位直肠癌保肛术中应用的优缺点。方法：回顾我院胃肠外科2008年7月至2011年7月期间收治直肠癌患者共计1 138人,行拖出式吻合法超低位直肠前切术患者共113例,其中行拖出式双吻合器法保肛术（double stapling technique,DST）64例,行经肛门拖出单吻合器法保肛术（single stapling technique,SST）49例,分别统计：手术时间,术后发生并发症,如吻合口瘘、吻合口出血、吻合口狭窄的发生率,随访1~4年内盆底局部复发情况,住院时间及住院费用等,通过统计学分析探讨2种吻合方式的优缺点。结果：2组平均手术时间及术后平均住院时间差异无统计学意义（手术时间t=0.172,P=0.864;平均住院时间Z=-0.562,P=0.547）。术后并发症：其中吻合口瘘发生差异有统计学意义（χ2=6.592,P=0.01）;其他并发症情况差异无统计学意义（χ2=0.037,P=0.848）。局部复发：随访1~4年2组盆底局部复发差异无统计学意义（χ2=1.839,P=0.175）。平均住院费用2组差异有统计学意义（Z=-5.782,P=0.00）。结论：拖出式吻合法已成为超低位直肠癌保肛术常用术式,拖出式SST保肛术较拖出式DST保肛术具有操作简单、安全、费用更低、切除完整复发率较低等优势,在其适用范围内有有较大临床使用价值。

直肠癌超低位前切除术

目的 探讨经过选择的低位直肠癌患者中施行前切除术的效果和适应证。方法 对距肛缘 4～ 6cm的隆起型或溃疡型直肠癌 ,肿瘤直径在 3cm以内的低位直肠癌患者 63例行超低位前切除术。结果 全组无手术死亡 ,术后发生吻合口瘘 4例(6.3 % ) ,吻合口狭窄 16例 (2 5 .4% ) ;术后局部复发 6例 ,其中 2例为吻合口复发 ,4例为盆腔复发 ,总局部复发率为 9.5 %。全组 5年生存率为 74%。结论 直肠癌超低位前切除术因双吻合器的熟练使用而得以实施 ,使部分低位直肠癌患者避免了人工肛门所带来的不便和痛苦 ,改善了生活质量。若适应证选择得当 ,可部分替代腹会阴联合切除术而不降低疗效。

经肛吻合器直肠部分切除术在排便障碍型便秘治疗中应用的长期效果评价

目的评价经肛吻合器直肠部分切除术（stapledtransanalrectalresection，STARR）治疗存在直肠前突及直肠内脱垂排便障碍型患者的长期临床疗效。方法排便障碍型便秘患者135例，经排粪造影证实均存在直肠前突和（或）直肠套叠脱垂，行经肛吻合器直肠部分切除术，术后6、12、36个月进行随访，评价指标包括手术安全性（并发症及不良事件），手术效果（LongoODS评分），便秘症状严重度评分（SS），患者生活质量量表（PAC—QoL评分）。结果平均手术时间22分钟（16—35分钟），术后平均住院时间3．8天（2—5天）。患者ODS评分术前及术后6、12、36个月分别为16．73、5．57、5．17和5．03，P〈0．01，SS术前及术后6、12、36个月分别为15．56、5．62、5．44、5．22，P〈0．01，与术前比较均明显下降。PAC—QoL评分（不满意）术前及术后6、12、36个月分别为45．04、16．05、15．62、15．62；PAC—QoL评分（满意）术前及术后6、12、36个月分别为0、9．21、9．02、8．97。术后发生各种并发症及不良事件共计20例（14．8％），大出血2例，均进行缝扎止血，术后吻合口狭窄1例，吻合口相关并发症7例（5．2％），包括吻合口少量出血、感染、吻合口哆开等。结论经肛吻合器直肠切除术近远期疗效均较满意，且操作简单、并发症少，但应严格把握适应证。

加味补中益气汤配合针刺治疗直肠前突术后的临床观察

目的:观察加味补中益气汤配合针刺治疗直肠前突术后的中、远期疗效。方法:选取符合纳入标准的直肠前突患者120例,随机分为治疗组和对照组各60例。治疗组行经肛吻合器直肠切除术(STARR)术后联合加味补中益气汤及针刺治疗,对照组仅行STARR术后单纯口服加味补中益气汤治疗,观察并比较两组术后3个月及1年的临床疗效。结果:治疗3个月后,治疗组的总有效率为98.33%,高于对照组的88.33%;1年后治疗组的总有效率为98.33%,高于对照组的86.67%,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:加味补中益气汤配合针刺治疗用于直肠前突术后患者,远期效果显著。

两种经肛直肠切除术治疗直肠前突的疗效比较

目的比较痔上黏膜环切术(PPH)和经肛吻合器直肠切除术(STARR)两种经肛门术式治疗直肠前突的效果。方法回顾性分析2007-01～2009-05期间因直肠前突排便困难接受手术的住院患者的临床资料,根据不同手术途径分为PPH组(n=28)和STARR组(n=20)。对2组患者手术后症状改善情况、手术时间、住院时间、费用等进行比较。结果两组患者随访时间大于24个月,失访5例(PPH组3例,STARR组2例,失访率10.4%)。PPH组和STARR组在手术后3月症状改善情况、便秘评分、住院时间没有显著差异(P>0.05),术后24月症状改善情况、便秘评分STARR组强于PPH组(P<0.05)。术后24月PPH组总有效率(88.0%)低于STARR组(94.4%),但是手术费用和手术时间低于STARR组(P<0.05)。结论与PPH术相比,STARR术治疗直肠前突虽然在手术住院费用和手术时间上有所增加,但远期疗效较好。