Multifactorial study of mobile phone dependence in medical students: Relationship to health-related lifestyle, Type A behavior, and depressive state

We investigated factors contributing to mobile phone dependence. To 139 medical students, we administered a self-reporting questionnaire designed to evaluate mobile phone dependence, health-related lifestyle, patterns of behavior, and depressive state. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that scores for poor health-related lifestyle, Type A behavior pattern, and presence of depression are independently associated with degree of mobile phone dependency. These findings suggest that persons with an unhealthy lifestyle, Type A behavior traits, or depression might benefit from mobile phone use guidance.

PREDICTION OF THE PHASE BEHAVIOR OF GAS CONDENSATES USING PATEL-TEJA EQUATION OF STATE AND GAMMA DISTRIBUTION FUNCTION

The three-parameter Petal-Teja equation of state coupled with a characterization proceduref0r C7+-fraction based on gamma distribution function was employed to predict the phase behaviorof eight gas condensates.The lumping of the subdivided single carbon number（SCN）hydrocarbons inthe plus-fraction and the choice of empirical correlations for calculating the critical properties andacentric factor of SCN hydrocarbons were discussed.

Suggested New Terms for Describing Chiral States and the State-Dependent Behavior of Chiral Systems

Deficiencies in the terminology used to describe chiral systems exist for behaviors under various processes and thus a more general, robust terminology is considered. For example, the descriptions for characterizing melting point, solubility, and recrystallization behaviors were adopted well before it was realized that perturbation of the enantiomeric com-position (ec) due to self-disproportionation could be effected by processes other than recrystallization such as sublimation, chromatography over achiral substrates, and even distillation. Thus, an endeavor has been made to address the question of universally describing behaviors under processes that effect, or are dependent on, the ec. The main terms that have been defined with respect to behavior are homomate (analogous to a conglomerate), heteromate, bimate (analogous to a racemic compound), and unimate (analogous to a solid solution) and they apply to melting point, solubility, recrystallization, sublimation, distillation, and chromatographic processes. Additionally, suggestions for improving the terminology for describing the states of chiral systems are also considered and the defined terms are: holemate (hol, ec = 100%), scalemate (scl, 50% ec eqm, ec = 50%).

A study on state-owned forest area stakeholders' behavior

The development of state-owned forest area plays a very important role in the development of Chinese forest industry, and even in the construction of national economy. As the backbone of Chinese forestry development, it contributes to Chinese economic development, ecological environment protection and social progress. How to balance all stakeholders' interest and behaviors remains as one of the focuses in the study of sustainable development of forest areas. On this basis, researches were carried out and described in the paper. Firstly, the paper goes through the concept and scope of state-owned forest area in China; Secondly, it defines the stakeholders of state-owned forest area, and discusses over the problems in stakeholders' behaviors from the aspect of responsibility, rights and interests; and Finally, it designs the stakeholders' behaviors on the basis of existing problems and provides constructive suggestions on deeper reform of state-owned forest areas.

Rheological behavior of Al_2O_ 3n/Al_μ composite in pseudo-semi-solid state

A new technology for ceramics matrix composites-ceramics matrix composite thixoforming in pseudo-semi-solid state based on semi-solid metal process and powder metallurgy technology were proposed. The rheological behavior of Al2O 3n/Alμ composite was studied by isothermal compression in pseudo-semi-solid state. The variation rules of the true stress-true strain, rheological behavior and the influencing factors were also analyzed. The results show that the flow stress decreases evidently with the increasing pseudo-semi-solid temperature, and that the trend of the true stress-true strain curve of the composite in pseudo-semi-solid state can be divided into four stages: increase, decline, re-increase and re-decline.

Effects of water content on the shear behavior and critical state of glacial till in Tianmo Gully of Tibet, China

Glacial tills are widely distributed in Tibet, China, and are highly susceptible to landslides under intense rainfalls. Failures of the slope during rainfall are closely related to the shear behavior of glacial tills at different moisture conditions. This study investigates the shear behavior and critical state of saturated and unsaturated glacial tills through a series of drained direct shear tests. The tests were conducted on two types of compacted glacial tills with different water contents and total normal stresses. A strain softening mode of failure is observed for all water content conditions accompanied by noticeable dilation. Dilatancy is found to decrease with increasing water content. Unsaturated samples showed increased rates of dilation as water content is decreased for all applied normal stresses a behavior which cannot be predicted well by classical stressdilatancy models. Furthermore, it was found that the Critical State Line(CSL), plotted on the(e-ln) plane, can be used to define the shear behavior of unsaturated glacial tills at different water contents.The CSL of saturated glacial tills run parallel to this line. The experimental results in this study are aimed to provide a basic understanding to the underlying failure mechanisms of glacial tills.

POSITIVE STEADY STATES AND DYNAMICS FOR A DIFFUSIVE PREDATOR-PREY SYSTEM WITH A DEGENERACY

In this article, we consider positive steady state solutions and dynamics for a spatially heterogeneous predator-prey system with modified Leslie-Gower and Holling-Type II schemes. The heterogeneity here is created by the degeneracy of the intra-specific pressures for the prey. By the bifurcation method, the degree theory, and a priori estimates, we discuss the existence and multiplicity of positive steady states. Moreover, by the comparison argument, we also discuss the dynamical behavior for the diffusive predator-prey system.

EXISTENCE AND ASYMPTOTIC BEHAVIOR OF THE SOLUTIONS FOR A NONLINEAR ELLIPTIC EQUATION ARISING IN ASTROPHYSICS

The author first analyzes the existence of ground state solutions and cylindrically symmetric solutions and then the asymptotic behavior of the ground state solution of the equation -△u =φ（r）u^p-1, u 〉 0 in R^N, u ∈ D^1,2（R^N）, where N ≥ 3, x = （x^1,z） ∈ R^K×R^N-K,2 ≤ K ≤ N,r = ｜x′｜. It is proved that for 2（N-s）/（N-2） 〈 p 〈 2^＊ = 2N/（N - 2）, 0 〈 s 〈 2, the above equation has a ground state solution and a cylindrically symmetric solution. For p = 2^＊, the above equation does not have a ground state solution but a cylindrically symmetric.solution, and when p close to 2^＊, the ground state solutions are not cylindrically symmetric. On the other hand, it is proved that as p close to 2＊, the ground state solution Up has a unique maximum point xp = （x′p, Zp） and as p → 2^＊, ｜x′p｜ → r0 which attains the maximum of φ on R^N. The asymptotic behavior of ground state solution Up is also given, which also deduces that the ground state solution is not cylindrically symmetric as p goes to 2^＊.

小兴安岭南麓野猪春冬季行为状态的生境选择

野猪(Sus scrofa)造成的人兽冲突是我国目前野生动物管理中急需解决的问题之一,但往往管理成本高,却效果甚微。了解野猪觅食、卧息等重要行为状态的生境选择规律,对科学管理策略的制定及避免人兽冲突极为重要。以小兴安岭南坡农林混交区域的野猪(5只雌性,8只雄性)为研究对象,基于其2019—2022年春冬季卫星定位项圈追踪数据,运用隐马尔科夫模型(HMM)识别野猪觅食、卧息和移动的三种行为状态,然后用步选择函数(SSF)研究这三种行为状态的生境选择。结果表明:野猪觅食、卧息和移动的生境需求不同,但均回避落叶针叶林,且性别差异明显,雌性野猪回避农田;地形是影响雌性野猪春季和雌雄野猪冬季三种行为状态生境选择的主要因子,地形和植被类型是影响雄性野猪春季三种行为状态生境选择的主要因子;雌性野猪,在春季,选择海拔高、坡度小的生境卧息、觅食及移动,且卧息和觅食均偏爱阴坡,冬季则选择海拔高,坡度大的阳坡卧息及觅食,偏爱在混交林和阳坡移动;雄性野猪,在春季,选择在混交林和坡度大的阴坡卧息,在混交林、落叶阔叶林和海拔低的区域觅食,在落叶阔叶林、常绿阔叶林内、海拔低、坡度小和距河流近的区域移动,在冬季,选择坡度大、海拔高、接近河流的阳坡卧息,在距河流近、坡度小的区域觅食,在常绿阔叶林、坡度小和距河流近的阳坡移动。本研究结果可为该区域的野猪毁田的预测和预警,捕获地点的选择等管控措施的制定提供依据和新思路。

多形式心理干预对儿童斜疝手术后情绪状态和健康行为的影响

目的:探究多形式心理干预对儿童斜疝手术后情绪状态和健康行为的影响。方法:选取2020年10月-2022年10月某院收治的102例行斜疝手术的儿童,随机分为对照组和观察组,各51例,对照组给予常规干预,观察组在对照组基础上给予多形式心理干预。比较两组患儿情绪状态[儿童焦虑性情绪障碍筛查表(SCARED)和儿童抑郁障碍自评量表(DSRSC)]、心理韧性[慢性病儿童韧性量表(CICRS)]、健康行为[Achenbach儿童行为量表(CBCL)]、社会支持[社会支持评定量表(SSRS)]及生活质量[中文版儿童青少年生存质量自评量表(PedsQL4.0)]。结果:干预后,相较于对照组,观察组SCARED和DSRSC评分均明显较低(t=3.456,4.849;P<0.05),CICRS各维度评分均明显较高(t=-3.925,-3.413,-4.796;P<0.05),社会能力评分明显较高(t=-2.594,P<0.05),行为问题评分明显较低(t=3.629,P<0.05),SSRS量表各维度评分均明显较高(t=-4.508,-5.217,-6.850;P<0.05),PedsQL4.0各维度评分均明显较高(t=-3.700,-3.582,-5.025,-5.160;P<0.05)。结论:相较于常规干预,多形式心理干预可改善斜疝手术后儿童的情绪状态,增强心理韧性,促进健康行为,提高社会支持,提升生活质量。

Exposure to Hypobaric Hypoxia and Reoxygenation Induces Transient Anxiety-Like Behavior in Rat

Chronic exposure to hypobaric hypoxia (HH) causes memory impairment and prolonged state of mental confusion. However, effect of high altitude exposure on mood state and its underlying mechanisms have been poorly studied.? Present study was undertaken to investigate the mood state alteration following chronic exposure to HH. Male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into five groups and exposed to hypoxia for 3, 7, 14 and 21 days in an animal decompression chamber at an altitude of 25,000ft. Anxiety-and depression-like behaviors were assessed by using various mazes along with changes in serotonin and glutamate level. Our study revealed a decrease in exploratory, grooming and rearing behavior in open field test following initial exposure to HH for 7 days without affecting the locomotory behavior. Initial exposure to HH-decreased time spent in open arm of elevated plus maze indicating induction of anxiety-like behavior which normalized on prolonged hypoxic exposure for 21 days. Hypoxic exposure for 7 days induced anhedonia and increased despair behavior in rat while there was steady improvement in these behaviors when exposed for 21 days. Decrease in serotonin level was noted in hippocampus along with elevated corticosterone and glutamate level which gradually decreased on prolonged exposure to HH. These findings suggest that initial exposure to HH increases transient anxiety-like behavior in rats followed by gradual improvement in mood state on prolonged exposure. Further, the study also indicates the involvement of serotonergic system in mood state alteration at high altitude following chronic exposure and reoxygenation.

非惯常理论新构:基于具身认知与双系统视角

作为旅游研究的重要基石,学界对非惯常理论的思辨虽源源不断,但其中仍存在理论发展滞后于实践、非惯常环境与行为研究对话割裂等问题。由此,文章借鉴具身认知与双系统理论,创新提出“惯常”“中间”和“非惯常”3种认知状态,以个体心理认知差异作为定义和划分旅游环境类型的线索,明确指出环境类型具有具身性、经验性、可变性和个体差异性的内生属性;利用非惯常认知状态联结旅游环境与旅游者行为,论证主张非惯常环境与非惯常行为的伴生关系,梳理归纳决策冲动化、自我失控化、情绪主导化、盲从化和心理账户显化的非惯常行为典型特征。文章对虚拟旅游、元宇宙旅游、城市漫步等新兴旅游业态作出回应,剖析解答了非惯常理论相关研究中“主观或客观”和“异地与否”的复杂问题,并将非惯常理论的应用范围从实地拓展到虚拟层面。文章期望从人本视角革新非惯常理论以强化旅游研究的特殊性,同时助推旅游知识的外溢。

Hysteresis behavior and nonequilibrium phase transition in a one-dimensional evolutionary game model

We investigate a simple evolutionary game model in one dimension. It is found that the system exhibits a discontinuous phase transition from a defection state to a cooperation state when the b payoff of a defector exploiting a cooperator is small. Furthermore, if b is large enough, then the system exhibits two continuous phase transitions between two absorbing states and a coexistence state of cooperation and defection, respectively. The tri-critical point is roughly estimated. Moreover, it is found that the critical behavior of the continuous phase transition with an absorbing state is in the directed percolation universality class.

表生水土环境铊污染成因研究现状与发展趋势

铊(Tl)是一种有毒的重金属,对人类的危害超过了汞、镉、铅、锌、铜等传统致毒重金属元素。本文总结了铊的元素特征及其地球化学行为、含铊矿床的全球分布及其成矿时代,对比分析了铊在三大类岩石中的分布差异性,系统回顾了铊的毒理性及其致病机理、铊污染源解析与示踪、表生环境铊的迁移与转化。通过研究发现,铊在三大类岩石中均有分布,且岩浆岩中铊元素呈规律性分布。铊与热液矿床关联性强,主要富集于与低温热液矿床有关的铅、锌等矿床中,且优先进入硫化物熔体,致使含硫化物矿床铊浓度较高。总体而言,我国土壤铊污染与铊矿产分布均具有“南高北低”的特征,显示铊污染与铊矿床的开采和冶炼具有显著关联性。水体中铊主要以Tl^(+)进行迁移,Tl^(+)可替代K^(+)进入黏土矿物,或通过微生物作用氧化成Tl^(3+)。铊从土壤中通过植物根系进入植物体后,将不均匀地分布于植物体内,^(203)Tl更容易向细胞膜表面动态扩散,植物根系优先吸收较轻的铊同位素(^(203)Tl),较重的铊同位素(^(205)Tl)留于生长层。通过对比铅与铊同位素示踪法,发现铊同位素法对于示踪物质来源及其迁移过程具有响应速度快、敏感性强等优势,但铊同位素技术的提升还有待铊同位素数据库的进一步完善。铊污染形成演化时空模拟是揭示污染来源、污染过程与发展趋势以及开展区域风险评估的重要手段,但数据获取、模型选择与验证、不确定性分析以及系统集成与决策支持等问题均有待进一步加强研究。

加快建设金融强国:政策逻辑、内涵要求与中国改革路径优化

建设金融强国是新时代新阶段中共中央在金融领域的重大创举。从金融大国到金融强国的变迁,是中国经济崛起和金融业高质量发展的必然产物,更是中国特色社会主义事业的积极探索和创新成果。梳理加快建设金融强国的演变逻辑和现实动因发现,加快建设金融强国能够满足中国式现代化进程中的金融政策供给,有效防范和化解金融风险,在全球金融治理体系中建立起更加完善的中国特色金融体系。从中共中央对金融工作的集中统一领导的角度,论证加快建设金融强国的根本遵循,并从“人民性、市场化、国际化、科技化、普惠性、安全性”六大维度,阐释加快建设金融强国的内涵要求。为更好赋能中国式现代化建设,需要深度推动金融业高质量发展并增强保持金融稳定性的能力,应当从打造现代金融市场体系出发,营造良好货币金融环境,全面强化金融监管的前瞻性,防范化解金融风险。

Wetting behavior and reaction mechanism of non-corrosive flux on aluminum

The energy-dispersive spectroscopy （ EDS ） , X-ray diffraction analysis （ XRD ） and differential thermal analysis （DTA） were used to analyze the melting, spreading process, and reaction mechanism of non-corrosive flux on the surface of aluminum. The result indicates that the whole process can be divided into three stages. In the first stage, flux is heated from room temperature to its melting point, which is called the endothermic stage, mainly absorbs heat and generates a small amount of liquid flux. When the temperature exceeds the melting point of flux, a large amount of liquid flux is generated and reacts with oxide films on the surface of aluminum. This stage is called the reaction stage. The third stage is a spreading and cleaning process, in which residues and reaction products quickly flow out from the center with liquid flux. The different compositions of flux perform different functions in brazing. K3AlF6 can remove oxide film us a cleaner. Only in liquid or molten state can flux remove oxide film on the substrate.

A System Status Definition to Improve Behavior Description in Specifications Based on Constructal Law

System behavior description using states faces problems like state explosion, lack of clear definition of state, state identification and coordination between multiple agents. The goals of this work are to ease design activity, to reduce engineering efforts, and to mitigate project risks. The proposed way is to improve information flow during design by adding definitions and some protocols or rules for communicating a specification or design description. This work presented an objective definition of system status (way of interaction with the rest of the world) along other concepts. This work focused in definitions as mind entities and their importance to rationalize work and mitigate project risks during design. This article presented some simple examples to illustrate the advantages of each aspect of proposed definition of system status and discussed limits and exceptions for such definition. The key finding was the proposed definition which was the simplest while keeping completeness at a given product breakdown level. Such definition of status enforced formal segregation of needs and solutions, and eased the inclusion of behavior definition in specifications.

Experimental Study on Flexural Behavior of Post-Tensioning Bonded Partially Prestressed Ultra-High Strength Concrete Beams

This paper presents the results of four partially prestressed ultra-high strength concrete beams in flexure. The test results are used to evaluate the effects of prestressing tendon depth and area on flexure behavior of specimen beams. The test results indicate that: the cracking load,yielding load,peak load and stiffness postcracking of specimen beams are enhanced by reducing prestressing tendon depth or increasing prestressing tendon area, and the flexural ductility is improved by increasing prestressing tendon depth or reducing prestressing tendon area. The effect of complex reinforcement index considering the strength of the equivalence principle and the reinforcement position on loading levels under serviceability limit state,flexural strength and displacement ductility factor are studied. The influence coefficient of prestressing tendon kpis introduced in the complex reinforcement index. As the complex reinforcement index increases, the loading levels under serviceability limit state and flexural strength increases linearly,and the displacement ductility factor decreases linearly. The test results also verify the conventional beam flexural theory based on the plane cross-section assumption for predicting ultimate flexural strength of partially prestressed ultra-high strength concrete beams is valid. After the introduction of the coefficient kp,the calculation method of cracks in code for design of concrete structure in china are appropriated for the specimen beams.

互动干预模式在鼾症患儿手术围术期的应用效果

目的:探究互动干预模式在鼾症患儿手术围术期的应用效果。方法:通过随机数字表法将某院于2022年4月至2023年6月收治的102例鼾症患儿分为对照组(采用常规干预模式,50例)、观察组(采用互动干预模式,52例),比较两组患者的恢复效果、心理状态、适应行为和并发症发生率。结果:观察组总恢复效果(98.08%)显著高于对照组(80.00%)(χ^(2)=8.657,P<0.05);观察组随访半年后患儿心理状态显著高于对照组(t=6.282,P<0.05);观察组随访半年后适应行为得分显著高于对照组(t=5.159,P<0.05);观察组并发症发生情况(3.85%,2/52)显著少于对照组(18.00%,8/50)(χ^(2)=5.307,P=0.021)。结论:互动干预模式能够有效改善鼾症手术患儿围术期心理状态,促进术后症状恢复,提高其适应行为能力,降低术后并发症发生率。

状态权力感对亲社会行为的影响:一项三水平元分析

状态权力感是一种临时启动的外在权力感知,与亲社会行为关系的理论与实证研究结果均不一致。本研究采用三水平元分析技术,明确状态权力感与亲社会行为的整体关系,探索造成分歧的原因。通过文献检索和筛选,共计纳入48篇文献,106个效应量,总样本量为14871人。主效应检验发现,状态权力感对亲社会行为的影响不显著。调节效应检验发现,状态权力感对亲社会行为的影响受到行为的社会可见性和诉求类型的调节,但不受年龄、性别、文化背景、状态权力感启动方式、状态权力感类型、亲社会行为的指标选取、数据来源以及出版状态的调节。本研究使用三水平元分析方法保证了纳入文献信息的完整性,从而就状态权力感对亲社会行为的影响及调节变量在两者关系中的作用得出更为全面可靠的研究结论,有助于拓展对状态权力感与亲社会行为关系及调节机制的认识。