Electronic structure and spin state regulation of vanadium nitride via a sulfur doping strategy toward flexible zinc-air batteries

Owing to the distinctive structural characteristics,vanadium nitride(VN)is highly regarded as a catalyst for oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)in zinc-air batteries(ZABs).However,VN exhibits limited intrinsic ORR activity due to the weak adsorption ability to O-containing species.Here,the S-doped VN anchored on N,S-doped multi-dimensional carbon(S-VN/Co/NS-MC)was constructed using the solvothermal and in-situ doping methods.Incorporating sulfur atoms into VN species alters the electron spin state of vanadium in the S-VN/Co/NS-MC for regulating the adsorption energy of vanadium sites to oxygen molecules.The introduced sulfur atoms polarize the V 3d_(z)^(2) electrons,shifting spin-down electrons closer to the Fermi level in the S-VN/Co/NS-MC.Consequently,the introduction of sulfur atoms into VN species enhances the adsorption energy of vanadium sites for oxygen molecules.The*OOH dissociation transitions from being unspontaneous on the VN surface to a spontaneous state on the S-doped VN surface.Then,the ORR barrier on the S-VN/Co/NS-MC surface is reduced.The S-VN/Co/NS-MC demonstrates a higher half-wave potential and limiting current density compared to the VN/Co/N-MC.The S-VN/Co/NS-MC-based liquid ZABs display a power density of 195.7 m W cm^(-2),a specific capacity of 815.7 m A h g^(-1),and a cycling stability exceeding 250 h.The S-VN/Co/NS-MC-based flexible ZABs are successfully employed to charge both a smart watch and a mobile phone.This approach holds promise for advancing the commercial utilization of VN-based catalysts in ZABs.

Rights Risks of Using Affective Computing Technology in Public Governance and Their Regulation

As the frontier of intelligent computing technology,affective computing has been used in border inspection,case investigation,crime assessment,public opinion management,traffic management and other scenarios of public governance.However,there are still public risks associated with its failure to meet the basic requirements of modern public governance,and these risks are rooted in its technical characteristics.The technical characteristics of turning emotions into signals can give rise to such problems as degrading the right to informed consent,de-governance,and undermining human dignity when applied in public governance,and consequently can lead to social rights anxiety.Additionally,the affective modeling characteristics of affective computing tend to incur the rights risks of insufficient algorithm accuracy,algorithmic discrimination,and algorithmic black boxes.To avoid these risks,it is necessary to adopt the dynamic consent model as the premise for applying affective computing in public governance,and to regulate the auxiliary application of affective computing in public governance in a hierarchical manner,to achieve a balance between the application of affective computing technology and the protection of citizens'rights and the maintenance of public ethics.

The Human Rights Record Of the United States In 2004

Editor's note: Following is the full text of the Human Rights Record of the United States in 2004, released by the Information office of China's State Council on March 3, 2005.

A study on aquaculture industry regulations and policies of globally representative states

Aquaculture has a long history,and has achieved rapid development from 1950 to 2010,especially since the 1990s.Nevertheless,aquaculture has also seen a series of problems emerge.Inevitably,aquaculture interacts with the environment and society.Rapid development requires that close attention be paid to potential environmental and social impacts and their prevention or mitigation.The development and management of aquaculture is related closely with a variety of legal and institutional arrangements.Thus,aquaculture raises numerous legal and institutional issues.This paper explores actual legal and institutional practices of global representative aquaculture countries and provides a comprehensive account of the legislation and policies of different countries.Further,this paper reveals that the optimal legal framework for aquaculture is in line with related international regulations(especially the soft laws)and strictly operational,and the corresponding policy framework should establish early access and warning,as well as post assessment and feedback mechanisms.

Human Rights Record of the United States in 2003

Following is the full text of the Human Rights Record of the United States in 2003, released by the Information Office of the State Council of the People's Republic of China on March 1, 2004.

Human Rights Record of the United States in 2002

On April 3, 2003, the Information Office of the State Council of the People's Republic of China released a report entitled Human Rights Record of the United States in 2002.Following is the full text of the document:

The Human Rights Record of United States in 2007

On March 13, 2008, The Information Office of the State Council of the People＇s Republic of China released an article entitled the ＂The Human Rights Record of the United States in 2007＂. The following is the full text.

Human Rights Record of United States in 2011

EDITOR＇S NOTE： The State Council Information Office of the People＇s Republic of China published a report titled ＂The Human Rights Record of the United States in 2011＂ on Friday. Following is the full text：

The Human Rights Record of the United States in 2005

On March 9,2006,the Information Office of the State Council of the People＇s Republic of China released an article entitled the Human Rights Record of the United States in 2005.The following is the full text.

The Human Rights Record of the United States in 2008

The State Department of the United States released its Country Reports on Human Rights Practices for 2008 on February 25, 2009. As in previous years, the reports are full of accusations of the human rights situation in more than 190 countries and regions including China, but mentioned nothing of the widespread human rights abuses on its own territory. The Human Rights Record of the United States in 2008 is prepared to help people around the world understand the real situation of human rights in the United States, and as a reminder for the United States to reflect upon its own issues.

The Human Rights Record of the United States in 2006

EDIFOR＇S NOTE： On March 8, the Information Office of the State Council of the People＇s Republic of China published a document entitled the Human Rights Record of the United States in 2006. Following is the full text.

Radical Right Parties in the Political System of States： Theoretical and Practical Aspects

The article deals with the question of whether far-right parties are able to influence the political and party system in the contemporary state. Far-right parties have acquired special political features that are grounded on a broad variety of far-right ideological norms and political instruments. Far-right parties challenge the state government and policy offering the key （anti-immigration politics） to solve a variety of complicated issues. The main idea of the article is that far-right parties are flexible enough in their political rhetoric and instruments to gain electoral support. Based on different concepts and theories we should underline that far-right parties have a prominent electoral future but their place in the political arena greatly depends on existing conflicts of social and cultural nature in the nation-state.

Timberland Investing and Private Property Rights in the United States of America

Investments in rural land for agriculture, timber, and other natural resource purposes occur frequently and globally. Fundamental principles of liberty and property found in the United States of America’s (“US”) legal system, from its origins to recent US Supreme Court decisions, continue to positively benefit holders of real estate in the Southern US, through a deep-rooted public policy of supporting private property rights and rural economic development. This stable rule of law enhances the long-term adaptability and sustainability of timberland as an asset class. This article is a commentary. It combines legal research methodology with the observations and conclusions of the authors. Its purpose is to demonstrate that the existence of alienable, documentable ownership, and related property rights create inherent stability and security. These principles form the basis of a culture that is defined by the rule of law and is “open for business.” This business mindset is particularly prevalent in the Southern US.

Human Rights Record of the United States in 2009

China’s Information Office of the State Council published a report titled "The Human Rights Record of the United States in 2009" on March 12, 2010.Following is the full text:

Human Rights Record of the United States in 2012

The State Department of the United States recently released its Country Reports on Human Rights Practices for 2012, posing as ＂the world judge of human rights＂ again. As in previous years, the reports are full of carping and irresponsible remarks on the human rights situa tion in more than 190 countries and regions including China. However, the U.S. turned a blind eye to its own woeful human rights situation and never said a word about it. Facts show that there are serious human rights problems in the U.S. which incur extensive criticism in the world. The Human Rights Record of the U.S. in 2012 is hereby prepared to reveal the true human rights situation of the U.S. to people across the world by simply laying down some facts.

Human Rights Record of the United States in 2013

EDITOR＇S NOTE： The State Council Information Office of the People＇s Republic of China published a report titled ＂Human Rights Record of the United States in 2013＂ on February 28, 2014. Following is the full text of the report：

Behind the Statue of Liberty——Human Rights Record of the United States of America in 2001

The US Sate Department has always professed to be a "Judge of Human Rights in the World." Year upon year, it issues country-specific human rights reports, accusing more than 190 countries and regions, including China, of their human fights conditions. Yet it tums a blind eye to its own. It is just behind the "Statue of Liberty’" that hides serious infringements upon human rights.

Human Rights Record of the United States in 2010

The State Department of the United States released its Country Reports on Human Rights Practices for 2010 onApril 8, 2011. As in previous years, the reports are full of distortions and accusations of the human rights situation in more than 190 countries and regions including China.

ASYMPTOTIC SOLUTION OF A SINGULARLY PERTURBED NONLINEAR STATE REGULATOR PROBLEM

This paper, will seek the optimal control and corresponding trajectories of the singularly perturbed nonlinear state regulator problem. Under appropriate hypotheses. it will be possible to complete an asymptotic solution which is uniformly valid when e→0.

Regulation on the Protection of Fossils Issued by the State Council of the People's Republic of China:Scientists' Researches Protected Legally—Further Explanation

With large-scale engineering projects being carried out in China, a large number of fossil localities have been discovered and excavated by responsible agencies, but still some important fossils of great value have been removed and smuggled into foreign countries. In the last three years, more than 1345 fossil specimens have been intercepted by Customs in Shenzhen, Shanghai, Tianjin, Beijing and elsewhere, and more than 5000 fossils, most of which are listed as key fossils,