Halving the malnutrition of under five of years has been set as one of the goals to be achieved by the year of 2000 by Chinese government. So it is important to know the present status of child malnutrition and its tr...Halving the malnutrition of under five of years has been set as one of the goals to be achieved by the year of 2000 by Chinese government. So it is important to know the present status of child malnutrition and its trend of changing, in order to predict the possible outcome of the achievement of the goal. According to the Child Survey carried out by the State Statistic Bureau (SSB) in 26 provinces and autonmous regions and 3 municipalities in 1992, the prevalence of malnutrition of under five was: moderate and severe underweight, stunting and wasting were 17.9%, 34.7% and 4.7% respectively. But there are significant differences among urban and rural children and between different provinces. The highest prevalence rate usually occurred in the second year of life of the children, and this may be the result of inadequate weaning food provided to the children. As compared with the data collected in 1987 by SSB in 9 provinces and autonomous regions, an impressive improvement in underweight has occurred within these 5 years. The average declined prevalence was 20.5%. It is specially true for urban children. To stunting, there was also improvement for urban children but not in the rural, resulting and over all increasing of prevalence by 5.9%. To wasting, the prevalence for urban children was low and remained at the same level while there was some what increase in the rural. So, according to these results, with constant economic development and more attempt made in areas and groups at risk, the goal to decrease malnutrition in half in terms of underweight could be reached by the year of 2000展开更多
The products of ecological textile have represented nowadays the new trend ofglobal consumption and production of textile while become an important means for some countries toutilize 'green barrier' as a limit...The products of ecological textile have represented nowadays the new trend ofglobal consumption and production of textile while become an important means for some countries toutilize 'green barrier' as a limitation of import of textile products. Following the entrance ofChina into the WTO, the position of 'green barrier' becomes significantly important in the trade oftextile products. As China is a big country of textile production, speeding up the research onstandards for products of ecological textile, countering the latest situation appearing ininternational trade of textile, to take as quickly as possible responsive measures is a very urgentproblem in port, to enhancing the ability of international market competition and to promoting thestable development of foreign oriented economy.展开更多
Objective:To analyze the current status and development trend of Chinese medicine research in the field of idiopathic membranous nephropathy since 2000.Methods:The literature related to Chinese medicine for idiopathic...Objective:To analyze the current status and development trend of Chinese medicine research in the field of idiopathic membranous nephropathy since 2000.Methods:The literature related to Chinese medicine for idiopathic membranous nephropathy published in China Knowledge Network(CNKI)since 2000 was searched,and CiteSpacewas applied to visualize the publication time,authors,and keywords of the literature and to draw a visual knowledge graph.Results:372 relevant literatures were included.Author analysis showed that there were 343 authors included,and the authors with the highest number of publications published 13 articles,and the core authors accounted for 10.2%of the total number;keyword analysis showed that 15 clusters were formed after burst analysis,and 10 emergent words were formed after keyword emergence analysis.Conclusion:Chinese medicine recognizes and intervenes in idiopathic membranous nephropathy in terms of evidence type,treatment method,common prescriptions and single herbs,auxiliary examination,treatment modality,and clinical research.The development trend lies in the combination of macroscopic and microscopic,the synergy between Chinese and Western,multidisciplinary collision diagnosis and treatment,as well as the use of Chinese medicine to intervene in the disease process at an early stage,and the integration of a worldwide standardized diagnosis and treatment guideline of Chinese medicine for idiopathic membranous nephropathy.展开更多
The Maasai ostrich (Struthio camelus) is a the largest avian species in East Africa and though it’s not considered to be a species of conservation concern, some populations are on the decline and this is attributed t...The Maasai ostrich (Struthio camelus) is a the largest avian species in East Africa and though it’s not considered to be a species of conservation concern, some populations are on the decline and this is attributed to bush meat activities, predation on their eggs illegal consumption by humans, habitat destruction and forage competition with other large wildlife species. Climate change is also emerging to be another major threat due to interference with food availability which in turn interferes with the breeding rhythm. Thus, this study examined the population status, trend and distribution of the Maasai ostrich in the Southern Kenya and Northern Tanzania borderland after the 2007 to 2009 drought. The results showed that the species was found across the entire borderland but the Amboseli region had the highest number and density of Maasai ostrich (726.00 ± 100.9;0.08 ± 0.01 ostriches per km<sup>2</sup>), followed by Lake Natron area (330.8 ± 69.8;0.05 ± 0.01 ostriches per km<sup>2</sup>) and the least was in West Kilimanjaro (85.5 ± 18.0;0.03 ± 0.01 ostriches per km<sup>2</sup>). Drought caused a decline in the population of the Maasai ostrich but the Amboseli area experienced the highest decline in density (?13.44 ± 12.61) compared to other borderland sectors. However, the populations increased in most sectors after the drought, and wet season numbers and densities were higher than the dry season. The highest positive increase in number and density was in Lake Natron area (+85.65 ± 91.06) followed by West Kilimanjaro (+68.39 ± 59.54), and the least was in the Magadi area (+22.26 ± 32.05). There is a need to enhance conservation of avian species like the Maasai ostrich other than just focusing on the charismatic species such as the African elephant and black rhino. We therefore recommend joint collaboration in monitoring all large wildlife populations across the Kenya-Tanzania borderland with a view of understanding their status, trend and best management actions that can enhance their conservation.展开更多
We examined the population status, trend and distribution of Gerenuk, Fringe-eared Oryx and Lesser kudu in the Northern Tanzania and Southern Kenya borderland after the 2007 to 2009 drought. The species were character...We examined the population status, trend and distribution of Gerenuk, Fringe-eared Oryx and Lesser kudu in the Northern Tanzania and Southern Kenya borderland after the 2007 to 2009 drought. The species were characterized by low numbers and sparsely distributed in the borderland but were more prevalent and abundant in the Amboseli region. However, West Kilimanjaro had the highest positive change in density between 2010 and 2013 [Gerenuk = +1650.48 ± 1150.31, lesser kudu = +912.78 ± 487.63 and Fringe-eared Oryx = +366.65 ± 233.32]. Changes in density and composition varied seasonally among the different sectors of the borderland, with Gerenuk having the highest change in the Amboseli area during the wet season. Lesser kudu had the highest change in Amboseli and Kilimanjaro during the wet season while Fringe-eared Oryx had the highest change in the wet season in West Kilimanjaro area. Spatial distribution of the species varied seasonally and across different sectors of the borderland. In the dry season, Gerenuk exhibited a clumped distribution mainly in Amboseli National Park, and between Natron and West Kilimanjaro but in the wet season, it spread out more though higher concentrations were still found Amboseli and West Kilimanjaro. Lesser concentrated in mostly in West Kilimanjaro and Amboseli during the dry season but was widely dispersed during the wet season. Similarly, during the dry season, the Fringe-eared Oryx was confined in the Amboseli and West Kilimanjaro areas but during the wet season, it much more spread out with clusters in the Mbirikani area of the Amboseli region and a few places in Magadi, Natron and West Kilimanjaro. Management implications of the findings obtained in this study area here-in discussed.展开更多
ⅠThe semitrailer segment in current China China's semitrailer segment started in the 1950's and over the past 40 years it has formed a fixed market to some extent,becoming an important part of the auto indust...ⅠThe semitrailer segment in current China China's semitrailer segment started in the 1950's and over the past 40 years it has formed a fixed market to some extent,becoming an important part of the auto industry. China underwent a critical change during 2000 to 2003 when the national economy gained a faster growth pace and the semi-展开更多
Objective To investigate the status and trends of nosocomial infection in children’s hospital to provide references for prevention and control of nosocomial infection.Methods The retrospective study was conducted to ...Objective To investigate the status and trends of nosocomial infection in children’s hospital to provide references for prevention and control of nosocomial infection.Methods The retrospective study was conducted to analyze the data of nosocomial infection at Zhejiang University affiliated Children’s Hospital from 2005 to 2014.展开更多
Recently,the 2016 Lithium Industry Forum,an event hosted by the China Nonferrous Metals Industry Association Lithium Branch,opened in Xining,Qinghai Province.Li Bingxin,Deputy Secretary-general of the China Nonferrous...Recently,the 2016 Lithium Industry Forum,an event hosted by the China Nonferrous Metals Industry Association Lithium Branch,opened in Xining,Qinghai Province.Li Bingxin,Deputy Secretary-general of the China Nonferrous Metals Industry Association Lithium Branch,shared the operation展开更多
China’s rapidly aging population has raised a number of challenges,such as the accelerating suburbanization,socio-spatial segregation,inconvenient travel of older adults,as well as the deficiency of community senior ...China’s rapidly aging population has raised a number of challenges,such as the accelerating suburbanization,socio-spatial segregation,inconvenient travel of older adults,as well as the deficiency of community senior care,which makes it vital to build a theoretical framework on human settlement for older adults.This study aims to analyze the previous studies and research trends on human settlement for older adults from several aspects,including the spatial distribution,spatial development pattern of human settlement,social space and travel behavior characteristics,living environment,and the relationship between their health status and built environment.Under the guidance of global programs such as“active aging”and“age-friendly cities,”research on human settlement for older adults tends to be multi-disciplinary,integrating the traditional perspective of physical space with logical analysis,obtaining a comprehensive consideration of social,economic,cultural,behavioral,and other socio-spatial perspectives,and forming a relatively complete theory and practice system.Facing the core problems and challenges in the development of human settlement for older adults in China,research needs to be problem-oriented,and devoted to exploring the theoretical framework and practical strategies suitable for our country.Specifically,from the“top-down”perspective,it is recommended to strengthen the strategic guidance,explore patterns of urban senior care by combining market force and government regulation,and optimize urban spatial development patterns and transportation systems for an aging society.From the“bottom-up”perspective,it is necessary to take into account the“equity and efficiency”of urban spatial resource allocation,and explore the theoretical and methodological system for community planning,service facilities,and public space allocation to meet the socio-spatial needs of older adults.展开更多
Background:COVID-19 has had a considerable impact on society since 2019,and the disease has high mortality and infection rates.There has been a particular focus on how to best manage COVID-19 and how to analyze and pr...Background:COVID-19 has had a considerable impact on society since 2019,and the disease has high mortality and infection rates.There has been a particular focus on how to best manage COVID-19 and how to analyze and predict the epidemic status of infectious diseases in general.Methods The present study analyzed the COVID-19 epidemic patterns and made predictions of future trends based on the statistics obtained from a global infectious disease network data monitoring and early warning system(OBN,http://27.115.41.130:8888/OBN/).The development trends of other major infectious diseases were also examined.Results The global COVID-19 pandemic showed periodic increases throughout 2021.At present,there is a high incidence in European countries,especially in Eastern Europe,followed by in Africa.The risk of contracting COVID-19 was divided into high,medium–high,medium,medium–low,and low grades depending on the stage of the epidemic in each examined region over the current period.The occurrence and prevalence of major infectious diseases throughout the world did not significantly change in 2021.Conclusions The COVID-19 pandemic has strongly impacted people’s lives and the economy.The effects of global infectious diseases can be ameliorated by strengthening monitoring and early warning systems and by facilitating the international exchange of information.展开更多
文摘Halving the malnutrition of under five of years has been set as one of the goals to be achieved by the year of 2000 by Chinese government. So it is important to know the present status of child malnutrition and its trend of changing, in order to predict the possible outcome of the achievement of the goal. According to the Child Survey carried out by the State Statistic Bureau (SSB) in 26 provinces and autonmous regions and 3 municipalities in 1992, the prevalence of malnutrition of under five was: moderate and severe underweight, stunting and wasting were 17.9%, 34.7% and 4.7% respectively. But there are significant differences among urban and rural children and between different provinces. The highest prevalence rate usually occurred in the second year of life of the children, and this may be the result of inadequate weaning food provided to the children. As compared with the data collected in 1987 by SSB in 9 provinces and autonomous regions, an impressive improvement in underweight has occurred within these 5 years. The average declined prevalence was 20.5%. It is specially true for urban children. To stunting, there was also improvement for urban children but not in the rural, resulting and over all increasing of prevalence by 5.9%. To wasting, the prevalence for urban children was low and remained at the same level while there was some what increase in the rural. So, according to these results, with constant economic development and more attempt made in areas and groups at risk, the goal to decrease malnutrition in half in terms of underweight could be reached by the year of 2000
文摘The products of ecological textile have represented nowadays the new trend ofglobal consumption and production of textile while become an important means for some countries toutilize 'green barrier' as a limitation of import of textile products. Following the entrance ofChina into the WTO, the position of 'green barrier' becomes significantly important in the trade oftextile products. As China is a big country of textile production, speeding up the research onstandards for products of ecological textile, countering the latest situation appearing ininternational trade of textile, to take as quickly as possible responsive measures is a very urgentproblem in port, to enhancing the ability of international market competition and to promoting thestable development of foreign oriented economy.
文摘Objective:To analyze the current status and development trend of Chinese medicine research in the field of idiopathic membranous nephropathy since 2000.Methods:The literature related to Chinese medicine for idiopathic membranous nephropathy published in China Knowledge Network(CNKI)since 2000 was searched,and CiteSpacewas applied to visualize the publication time,authors,and keywords of the literature and to draw a visual knowledge graph.Results:372 relevant literatures were included.Author analysis showed that there were 343 authors included,and the authors with the highest number of publications published 13 articles,and the core authors accounted for 10.2%of the total number;keyword analysis showed that 15 clusters were formed after burst analysis,and 10 emergent words were formed after keyword emergence analysis.Conclusion:Chinese medicine recognizes and intervenes in idiopathic membranous nephropathy in terms of evidence type,treatment method,common prescriptions and single herbs,auxiliary examination,treatment modality,and clinical research.The development trend lies in the combination of macroscopic and microscopic,the synergy between Chinese and Western,multidisciplinary collision diagnosis and treatment,as well as the use of Chinese medicine to intervene in the disease process at an early stage,and the integration of a worldwide standardized diagnosis and treatment guideline of Chinese medicine for idiopathic membranous nephropathy.
文摘The Maasai ostrich (Struthio camelus) is a the largest avian species in East Africa and though it’s not considered to be a species of conservation concern, some populations are on the decline and this is attributed to bush meat activities, predation on their eggs illegal consumption by humans, habitat destruction and forage competition with other large wildlife species. Climate change is also emerging to be another major threat due to interference with food availability which in turn interferes with the breeding rhythm. Thus, this study examined the population status, trend and distribution of the Maasai ostrich in the Southern Kenya and Northern Tanzania borderland after the 2007 to 2009 drought. The results showed that the species was found across the entire borderland but the Amboseli region had the highest number and density of Maasai ostrich (726.00 ± 100.9;0.08 ± 0.01 ostriches per km<sup>2</sup>), followed by Lake Natron area (330.8 ± 69.8;0.05 ± 0.01 ostriches per km<sup>2</sup>) and the least was in West Kilimanjaro (85.5 ± 18.0;0.03 ± 0.01 ostriches per km<sup>2</sup>). Drought caused a decline in the population of the Maasai ostrich but the Amboseli area experienced the highest decline in density (?13.44 ± 12.61) compared to other borderland sectors. However, the populations increased in most sectors after the drought, and wet season numbers and densities were higher than the dry season. The highest positive increase in number and density was in Lake Natron area (+85.65 ± 91.06) followed by West Kilimanjaro (+68.39 ± 59.54), and the least was in the Magadi area (+22.26 ± 32.05). There is a need to enhance conservation of avian species like the Maasai ostrich other than just focusing on the charismatic species such as the African elephant and black rhino. We therefore recommend joint collaboration in monitoring all large wildlife populations across the Kenya-Tanzania borderland with a view of understanding their status, trend and best management actions that can enhance their conservation.
文摘We examined the population status, trend and distribution of Gerenuk, Fringe-eared Oryx and Lesser kudu in the Northern Tanzania and Southern Kenya borderland after the 2007 to 2009 drought. The species were characterized by low numbers and sparsely distributed in the borderland but were more prevalent and abundant in the Amboseli region. However, West Kilimanjaro had the highest positive change in density between 2010 and 2013 [Gerenuk = +1650.48 ± 1150.31, lesser kudu = +912.78 ± 487.63 and Fringe-eared Oryx = +366.65 ± 233.32]. Changes in density and composition varied seasonally among the different sectors of the borderland, with Gerenuk having the highest change in the Amboseli area during the wet season. Lesser kudu had the highest change in Amboseli and Kilimanjaro during the wet season while Fringe-eared Oryx had the highest change in the wet season in West Kilimanjaro area. Spatial distribution of the species varied seasonally and across different sectors of the borderland. In the dry season, Gerenuk exhibited a clumped distribution mainly in Amboseli National Park, and between Natron and West Kilimanjaro but in the wet season, it spread out more though higher concentrations were still found Amboseli and West Kilimanjaro. Lesser concentrated in mostly in West Kilimanjaro and Amboseli during the dry season but was widely dispersed during the wet season. Similarly, during the dry season, the Fringe-eared Oryx was confined in the Amboseli and West Kilimanjaro areas but during the wet season, it much more spread out with clusters in the Mbirikani area of the Amboseli region and a few places in Magadi, Natron and West Kilimanjaro. Management implications of the findings obtained in this study area here-in discussed.
文摘ⅠThe semitrailer segment in current China China's semitrailer segment started in the 1950's and over the past 40 years it has formed a fixed market to some extent,becoming an important part of the auto industry. China underwent a critical change during 2000 to 2003 when the national economy gained a faster growth pace and the semi-
文摘Objective To investigate the status and trends of nosocomial infection in children’s hospital to provide references for prevention and control of nosocomial infection.Methods The retrospective study was conducted to analyze the data of nosocomial infection at Zhejiang University affiliated Children’s Hospital from 2005 to 2014.
文摘Recently,the 2016 Lithium Industry Forum,an event hosted by the China Nonferrous Metals Industry Association Lithium Branch,opened in Xining,Qinghai Province.Li Bingxin,Deputy Secretary-general of the China Nonferrous Metals Industry Association Lithium Branch,shared the operation
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China project“Research on the Mechanism and Regulation of Urban Land Use on Traffic Accidents from the Perspective of Travel Behavior”(No.41971179)MOE(Ministry of Education in China)Project of Humanities and Social Sciences“A Study on the Impact and Mechanism of Action of Urban Built Environment on Chronic Diseases of the Elderly”(No.17YJC840045)。
文摘China’s rapidly aging population has raised a number of challenges,such as the accelerating suburbanization,socio-spatial segregation,inconvenient travel of older adults,as well as the deficiency of community senior care,which makes it vital to build a theoretical framework on human settlement for older adults.This study aims to analyze the previous studies and research trends on human settlement for older adults from several aspects,including the spatial distribution,spatial development pattern of human settlement,social space and travel behavior characteristics,living environment,and the relationship between their health status and built environment.Under the guidance of global programs such as“active aging”and“age-friendly cities,”research on human settlement for older adults tends to be multi-disciplinary,integrating the traditional perspective of physical space with logical analysis,obtaining a comprehensive consideration of social,economic,cultural,behavioral,and other socio-spatial perspectives,and forming a relatively complete theory and practice system.Facing the core problems and challenges in the development of human settlement for older adults in China,research needs to be problem-oriented,and devoted to exploring the theoretical framework and practical strategies suitable for our country.Specifically,from the“top-down”perspective,it is recommended to strengthen the strategic guidance,explore patterns of urban senior care by combining market force and government regulation,and optimize urban spatial development patterns and transportation systems for an aging society.From the“bottom-up”perspective,it is necessary to take into account the“equity and efficiency”of urban spatial resource allocation,and explore the theoretical and methodological system for community planning,service facilities,and public space allocation to meet the socio-spatial needs of older adults.
文摘Background:COVID-19 has had a considerable impact on society since 2019,and the disease has high mortality and infection rates.There has been a particular focus on how to best manage COVID-19 and how to analyze and predict the epidemic status of infectious diseases in general.Methods The present study analyzed the COVID-19 epidemic patterns and made predictions of future trends based on the statistics obtained from a global infectious disease network data monitoring and early warning system(OBN,http://27.115.41.130:8888/OBN/).The development trends of other major infectious diseases were also examined.Results The global COVID-19 pandemic showed periodic increases throughout 2021.At present,there is a high incidence in European countries,especially in Eastern Europe,followed by in Africa.The risk of contracting COVID-19 was divided into high,medium–high,medium,medium–low,and low grades depending on the stage of the epidemic in each examined region over the current period.The occurrence and prevalence of major infectious diseases throughout the world did not significantly change in 2021.Conclusions The COVID-19 pandemic has strongly impacted people’s lives and the economy.The effects of global infectious diseases can be ameliorated by strengthening monitoring and early warning systems and by facilitating the international exchange of information.
