Elastic stability of shallow pin-ended parabolic arches subjected to step loads

Buckling could be induced when shallow arches were subjected to vertical step loads. In-plane static and dynamic buckling of shallow pin-ended parabolic arches with a horizontal cable was investigated. Based on the equations of motion derived from Hamilton's principle, nonlinear equilibrium equations and static buckling equilibrium equations were deduced. Through the pseudo-static analysis, approximate solutions to the lower and upper dynamic buckling loads under step loads were obtained, for shallow parabolic arches. The results show that dynamic buckling and snap-through buckling are impossible when modified slenderness ratio λ<λc and λ>λs, where λc and λs denote critical slenderness ratios of bucking and snap-through buckling, respectively; effects of the stiffness of the horizontal cable on the dynamic buckling are significant; and the dynamic buckling loads under a equivalent central concentrated step load are lower than the loads under a distributed load appreciably.

Some qualitative properties of incompressible hyperelastic spherical membranes under dynamic loads

Some nonlinear dynamic properties of axisymmetric deformation are ex- amined for a spherical membrane composed of a transversely isotropic incompressible Rivlin-Saunders material. The membrane is subjected to periodic step loads at its inner and outer surfaces. A second-order nonlinear ordinary differential equation approximately describing radially symmetric motion of the membrane is obtained by setting the thick- ness of the spherical structure close to one. The qualitative properties of the solutions are discussed in detail. In particular, the conditions that control the nonlinear periodic oscillation of the spherical membrane are proposed. In certain cases, it is proved that the oscillating form of the spherical membrane would present a homoclinic orbit of type ＂∞＂, and the amplitude growth of the periodic oscillation is discontinuous. Numerical results are provided.

Step-Loading Characteristics of Gas Engine Cogeneration System Using Doubly-Fed Induction Generator in Stand-Alone Operation

Application of a DFIG （doubly-fed induction generator）, which is one of adjustable speed generators, to a gas engine cogeneration system has been investigated. To operate during a blackout as an emergency power supply is one of important roles for the gas engine eogeneration system. In the case of conventional constant speed of synchronous generator, the amount of the allowed step load is limited to around 30% of the rated power. On the other hand, DFIG is expected to increase the amount of step load during the stand-alone operation. In this paper, it has been demonstrated that an increase in the gas engine speed resulted in an increase in the maximum amount of step load using experimental equipment with a real gas engine. It has been concluded that the proposed system can improve the performance of an emergency power supply at step-loading.

Viscoelasto-plastic properties of deep hard rocks under water environment

Using a circular incremental step load and unload method, a set of rheological experiments were performed to study the viscoelasto-plastic properties of amphibolite in Jinchuan No.2 diggings under different environments. Based on the scientific analysis on rheological experimental data, the viscoelasto-plastic properties of amphibolite under different environments were studied. The results show that the instantaneous elastic modulus and viscoplastic properties of amphibolite are affected little, the viscoelastic properties of amphibolite are significantly affected. Based on the experimental results and characteristics of recovered rock specimen, a generalized Kelvin model was chosen to simulate rheological properties of amphibolites and key parameters were obtained. It is found that the creep deformation modulus E1 is significantly influenced by the water, while the instant elastic modulus E2 is not significantly affected. The discreteness of the viscosity coefficient η is large, the influence of water on η is not clear and needs to be further studied.