[Objective] The aim was to study the feature extraction of stored-grain insects based on ant colony optimization and support vector machine algorithm, and to explore the feasibility of the feature extraction of stored...[Objective] The aim was to study the feature extraction of stored-grain insects based on ant colony optimization and support vector machine algorithm, and to explore the feasibility of the feature extraction of stored-grain insects. [Method] Through the analysis of feature extraction in the image recognition of the stored-grain insects, the recognition accuracy of the cross-validation training model in support vector machine （SVM） algorithm was taken as an important factor of the evaluation principle of feature extraction of stored-grain insects. The ant colony optimization （ACO） algorithm was applied to the automatic feature extraction of stored-grain insects. [Result] The algorithm extracted the optimal feature subspace of seven features from the 17 morphological features, including area and perimeter. The ninety image samples of the stored-grain insects were automatically recognized by the optimized SVM classifier, and the recognition accuracy was over 95%. [Conclusion] The experiment shows that the application of ant colony optimization to the feature extraction of grain insects is practical and feasible.展开更多
[ Objective] The aim was to supply technical basis for developing quarantine and control techniques for orient fruit fly. [ Method] By utilizing facilities including rearing chamber and rearing cage, the population of...[ Objective] The aim was to supply technical basis for developing quarantine and control techniques for orient fruit fly. [ Method] By utilizing facilities including rearing chamber and rearing cage, the population of orient fruit fly was established and sustained by using the methods of artificial feeding and fruit culture, and the continuous indoor biological observation was carried out. The isolated enclosure equipped with temperature and humidity recorder was established in Dongshan area of Taihu for cultivating various species of host plants, then the living habits of orient fruit fly were observed everyday. [ Result] Through feeding and observation in lab, the living habit of adult, larva, pupa and eggs of orient fruit fly were studied; the impact of soil depth on the emergence rate of pupa were conducted, and the result indicated that when the soil layer depth increased to 40 cm, there were still adults appeared and their emergence rate was 80%. The results of indoor trend test showed that the selectivity of orient fruit fly on fruits produced in Suzhou was sequenced from high to low as follows： tangerine, dates, pomegranate, peach, orange, pear and persimmon. While the sequence of fruit tree species were tangerine, dates, pomegranate, pears and persimmons according to damage rates of orient fruit fly from high to low under field isolation rearing conditions. In the local tangerine varieties, the damage rate from high to low were Dongting manda- rin, eady tangerine, Wen orange, Huangpi, Zaohong, Liaohong. [ Conclusion] Orient fruit fly artificial rearing facility was established, which laid the foundation for carrvina out bioloaical characteristics observation and biolooical exoeriments展开更多
In January 2005, the United States Environmental Protection Agency registered spinosad as a stored grain protectant. No referenced data on the efficacy of spinosad on corn in suppressing major stored-grain insects hav...In January 2005, the United States Environmental Protection Agency registered spinosad as a stored grain protectant. No referenced data on the efficacy of spinosad on corn in suppressing major stored-grain insects have been published. In this paper, we evaluated the efficacy of spinosad against seven major stored-grain insects on shelled corn in the laboratory. Insect species tested were the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum （Jacquelin duVal）; rusty grain beetle, Cryptolestesferrugineus （Stephens）; lesser grain borer, Rhyzopertha dominica （F.）; sawtoothed grain beetle, Oryzaephilus surinamensis （L.）; rice weevil, Sitophilus oryzae （L.）; maize weevil, Sitophilus zeamais （Motschulsky）; and Indian meal moth, Plodia interpunctella （Htibner）. Corn kernels were treated with spinosad at 0, 0. 1, 0.5, 1, and 2 active ingredient （a.i.） mg/kg for controlling the seven species. Beetle adults or P. interpunctella eggs were introduced into each container holding 100 g of untreated or insecticide-treated corn. The seven insect species survived well on the control treatment, produced 28 to 336 progeny, and caused significant kernel damage after 49 days. On spinosad-treated corn, adult mortality of C. ferrugineus, R. dominica, 0. surinamensis, S. oryzae, and S. zeamais was 〉 98% at 1 and 2 mg/kg after 12 days. Spinosad at≥ 0.5 mg/kg completely suppressed egg-to-larval survival after 21 days and egg-to-adult emergence of P. interpunctella after 49 days, whereas 16% T. castaneum adults survived at 1 mg/kg after 12 days. Spinosad at 1 or 2 mg/kg provided complete or near complete suppression of progeny production and kernel damage of all species after 49 days. Our results indicate that spinosad at the current labeled rate of 1 mg/kg is effective against the seven stored-grain insect pests on corn.展开更多
The gregarious lifestyle of lepidopteran larvae is diverse and shaped by a com-plex interplay of ecological and evolutionary factors.Our review showed that the larval-aggregation behavior has been reported in 23 lepid...The gregarious lifestyle of lepidopteran larvae is diverse and shaped by a com-plex interplay of ecological and evolutionary factors.Our review showed that the larval-aggregation behavior has been reported in 23 lepidopteran families,indicating multiple evolution of this behavior.Some larvae live in sibling groups throughout all larval in-stars and even pupation stages,which may result from the kin-selection.In contrast,group fusion may occur among different sibling or foraging groups of larvae and form larger ag-gregates,and the gregariousness of these species might be driven by the group-selection.While group size and foraging patterns vary greatly across species,it is generally associ-ated with improved larval survivorship and accelerated development.However,the advan-tages of group living,such as facilitating feeding activities,adjusting the temperature,and defending natural enemies,may diminish along with development,with strong intraspe-cific competition occurring at later instars,even when food is abundant.Therefore,the group sizes and fission-fusion dynamics of certain gregarious lepidopteran larvae may be a consequence of their cost-benefit balance depending on various biotic and abiotic fac-tors.Trail and aggregation pheromones,silk trails,or body contact contribute to collective movement and group cohesion of gregarious lepidopteran larvae.However,frequent con-tact among group members may cause the horizontal transmission of pathogens and pes-ticides,which may bring an integrated pest management strategy controlling gregarious lepidopteran pests.展开更多
Objective:To assess the chemical components and toxicity of Artemisia herba-alba(A.herba-alba)essential oil against two major stored cereal pests,Tribolium castaneum(T.castaneum)and Trogoderma granarium(T.granarium).M...Objective:To assess the chemical components and toxicity of Artemisia herba-alba(A.herba-alba)essential oil against two major stored cereal pests,Tribolium castaneum(T.castaneum)and Trogoderma granarium(T.granarium).Methods:Two bioassay actions were tasted:repellent and fumigant actions against adult and larvae,respectively,to assess the effect of A.herba-alba essential oil.Results:Gas chromatography-mass spectrometer analyses of the essential oil contained β-thujone(12.50%),α-thujone(8.78%),sabinyl acetate(8.56%),terpinene-4-ol(8.51%),α-terpineol(3.35%),1,8-cineol(5.45%),γ-terpene(4.82%),camphor(4.52%),dimethylethylbenzene(3.93%)and α-terpinene(3.35%)as the major components.Fumigant toxicity tests showed that A.herba-alba oil was more toxic than T.granarium(LC_(50)=2.09 mg/mL,LC_(90)=4.12 mg/mL)and T.castaneum(LC_(50)=6.39 mg/mL,LC_(90)=10.10 mg/mL).Conclusions:This study has highlighted a bioinsecticide activity of A.herba-alba against two insect pests of stored foodstuffs(T.castaneum and T.granarium).The Artemisia essential oil offers an interesting potential insecticide that could be studied more deeply to isolate and identify the active substances,to study their physiological impact on other insects.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31101085)the Program for Young Core Teachers of Colleges in Henan(2011GGJS-094)the Scientific Research Project for the High Level Talents,North China University of Water Conservancy and Hydroelectric Power~~
文摘[Objective] The aim was to study the feature extraction of stored-grain insects based on ant colony optimization and support vector machine algorithm, and to explore the feasibility of the feature extraction of stored-grain insects. [Method] Through the analysis of feature extraction in the image recognition of the stored-grain insects, the recognition accuracy of the cross-validation training model in support vector machine （SVM） algorithm was taken as an important factor of the evaluation principle of feature extraction of stored-grain insects. The ant colony optimization （ACO） algorithm was applied to the automatic feature extraction of stored-grain insects. [Result] The algorithm extracted the optimal feature subspace of seven features from the 17 morphological features, including area and perimeter. The ninety image samples of the stored-grain insects were automatically recognized by the optimized SVM classifier, and the recognition accuracy was over 95%. [Conclusion] The experiment shows that the application of ant colony optimization to the feature extraction of grain insects is practical and feasible.
基金Supported by Scientific and Technological Project of Jiangsu Province (BE2005350)~~
文摘[ Objective] The aim was to supply technical basis for developing quarantine and control techniques for orient fruit fly. [ Method] By utilizing facilities including rearing chamber and rearing cage, the population of orient fruit fly was established and sustained by using the methods of artificial feeding and fruit culture, and the continuous indoor biological observation was carried out. The isolated enclosure equipped with temperature and humidity recorder was established in Dongshan area of Taihu for cultivating various species of host plants, then the living habits of orient fruit fly were observed everyday. [ Result] Through feeding and observation in lab, the living habit of adult, larva, pupa and eggs of orient fruit fly were studied; the impact of soil depth on the emergence rate of pupa were conducted, and the result indicated that when the soil layer depth increased to 40 cm, there were still adults appeared and their emergence rate was 80%. The results of indoor trend test showed that the selectivity of orient fruit fly on fruits produced in Suzhou was sequenced from high to low as follows： tangerine, dates, pomegranate, peach, orange, pear and persimmon. While the sequence of fruit tree species were tangerine, dates, pomegranate, pears and persimmons according to damage rates of orient fruit fly from high to low under field isolation rearing conditions. In the local tangerine varieties, the damage rate from high to low were Dongting manda- rin, eady tangerine, Wen orange, Huangpi, Zaohong, Liaohong. [ Conclusion] Orient fruit fly artificial rearing facility was established, which laid the foundation for carrvina out bioloaical characteristics observation and biolooical exoeriments
文摘In January 2005, the United States Environmental Protection Agency registered spinosad as a stored grain protectant. No referenced data on the efficacy of spinosad on corn in suppressing major stored-grain insects have been published. In this paper, we evaluated the efficacy of spinosad against seven major stored-grain insects on shelled corn in the laboratory. Insect species tested were the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum （Jacquelin duVal）; rusty grain beetle, Cryptolestesferrugineus （Stephens）; lesser grain borer, Rhyzopertha dominica （F.）; sawtoothed grain beetle, Oryzaephilus surinamensis （L.）; rice weevil, Sitophilus oryzae （L.）; maize weevil, Sitophilus zeamais （Motschulsky）; and Indian meal moth, Plodia interpunctella （Htibner）. Corn kernels were treated with spinosad at 0, 0. 1, 0.5, 1, and 2 active ingredient （a.i.） mg/kg for controlling the seven species. Beetle adults or P. interpunctella eggs were introduced into each container holding 100 g of untreated or insecticide-treated corn. The seven insect species survived well on the control treatment, produced 28 to 336 progeny, and caused significant kernel damage after 49 days. On spinosad-treated corn, adult mortality of C. ferrugineus, R. dominica, 0. surinamensis, S. oryzae, and S. zeamais was 〉 98% at 1 and 2 mg/kg after 12 days. Spinosad at≥ 0.5 mg/kg completely suppressed egg-to-larval survival after 21 days and egg-to-adult emergence of P. interpunctella after 49 days, whereas 16% T. castaneum adults survived at 1 mg/kg after 12 days. Spinosad at 1 or 2 mg/kg provided complete or near complete suppression of progeny production and kernel damage of all species after 49 days. Our results indicate that spinosad at the current labeled rate of 1 mg/kg is effective against the seven stored-grain insect pests on corn.
基金This work was supported by the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(Grant No.2022A1515010080).
文摘The gregarious lifestyle of lepidopteran larvae is diverse and shaped by a com-plex interplay of ecological and evolutionary factors.Our review showed that the larval-aggregation behavior has been reported in 23 lepidopteran families,indicating multiple evolution of this behavior.Some larvae live in sibling groups throughout all larval in-stars and even pupation stages,which may result from the kin-selection.In contrast,group fusion may occur among different sibling or foraging groups of larvae and form larger ag-gregates,and the gregariousness of these species might be driven by the group-selection.While group size and foraging patterns vary greatly across species,it is generally associ-ated with improved larval survivorship and accelerated development.However,the advan-tages of group living,such as facilitating feeding activities,adjusting the temperature,and defending natural enemies,may diminish along with development,with strong intraspe-cific competition occurring at later instars,even when food is abundant.Therefore,the group sizes and fission-fusion dynamics of certain gregarious lepidopteran larvae may be a consequence of their cost-benefit balance depending on various biotic and abiotic fac-tors.Trail and aggregation pheromones,silk trails,or body contact contribute to collective movement and group cohesion of gregarious lepidopteran larvae.However,frequent con-tact among group members may cause the horizontal transmission of pathogens and pes-ticides,which may bring an integrated pest management strategy controlling gregarious lepidopteran pests.
文摘Objective:To assess the chemical components and toxicity of Artemisia herba-alba(A.herba-alba)essential oil against two major stored cereal pests,Tribolium castaneum(T.castaneum)and Trogoderma granarium(T.granarium).Methods:Two bioassay actions were tasted:repellent and fumigant actions against adult and larvae,respectively,to assess the effect of A.herba-alba essential oil.Results:Gas chromatography-mass spectrometer analyses of the essential oil contained β-thujone(12.50%),α-thujone(8.78%),sabinyl acetate(8.56%),terpinene-4-ol(8.51%),α-terpineol(3.35%),1,8-cineol(5.45%),γ-terpene(4.82%),camphor(4.52%),dimethylethylbenzene(3.93%)and α-terpinene(3.35%)as the major components.Fumigant toxicity tests showed that A.herba-alba oil was more toxic than T.granarium(LC_(50)=2.09 mg/mL,LC_(90)=4.12 mg/mL)and T.castaneum(LC_(50)=6.39 mg/mL,LC_(90)=10.10 mg/mL).Conclusions:This study has highlighted a bioinsecticide activity of A.herba-alba against two insect pests of stored foodstuffs(T.castaneum and T.granarium).The Artemisia essential oil offers an interesting potential insecticide that could be studied more deeply to isolate and identify the active substances,to study their physiological impact on other insects.
