The traditional methods of storm sewers design must be supplemented by a precise and systematic analysis of the consequences of urbanization. This will ensure the reduction of the negative effects of urbanization in t...The traditional methods of storm sewers design must be supplemented by a precise and systematic analysis of the consequences of urbanization. This will ensure the reduction of the negative effects of urbanization in the process of stormwater sewer system normal functioning. As the urbanization of rural areas has been in constant progress, there was a need for the development of infrastructure system of urban planning documents that accompany urbanization. Surface storage appears to be one of the solutions that can have positive effects on the consequences of rapid urbanization in terms of preserving water quality of recipients, as well as opportunities to reduce the diameter of drain pipes downstream of surface storage. The necessary investments do not exceed the values of conventional technologies and procedures that are used for this purpose. The restriction of application of these methods is reflected in the limited space, especially in the smaller urban areas, where urbanization was a sudden and uncontrolled process. Future planning documents must contain alternatives like these, while the reservation of required space must be included in the planning documents in which the treatment of further development of the city will be found.展开更多
In order to control combined system overflow (CSO) pollution of regional sewer systems in Shanghai,a global optimal control (GOC) is presented in this study.The GOC is based on the analysis of current situation and ca...In order to control combined system overflow (CSO) pollution of regional sewer systems in Shanghai,a global optimal control (GOC) is presented in this study.The GOC is based on the analysis of current situation and can maximize the utilization of the free storage of each sub systems and decrease the frequencies and durations of CSOs and flooding.A representative regional sewer system,which is located in the northwest of Shanghai and composed of sub systems of Zhenguang,Zhenru and Tongchuan,was taken as an example to demonstrate the efficiency of GOC with hydraulic model simulation test in the two representative scenarios (Scenario Ⅰ and Ⅱ).The results indicated that a great improvement in CSO emission is obtained by using the GOC in the two scenarios,and the CSO volume of three sub systems,Zhenru,Tongchuan and Zhenguang decreases to about 37.0%,38.3% and 35.7% in Scenario Ⅰ and 47.5%,51.8% and 63.5% in Scenario Ⅱ respectively.展开更多
研究城市径流水质变化及初期冲刷效应对控制与治理城市径流污染具有重要指导意义.对塘西河上游6次降雨径流水质水量进行监测分析,计算次降雨径流平均浓度(EMC)和单位面积次降雨径流污染负荷(EPL),作M(V)曲线图研究初期冲刷现象.结果表明...研究城市径流水质变化及初期冲刷效应对控制与治理城市径流污染具有重要指导意义.对塘西河上游6次降雨径流水质水量进行监测分析,计算次降雨径流平均浓度(EMC)和单位面积次降雨径流污染负荷(EPL),作M(V)曲线图研究初期冲刷现象.结果表明:降雨径流中悬浮物(SS)、化学需氧量(CODCr)和总磷(TP)的EMC值相对较大;SS的EMC值波动最为显著;总氮(TN)、TP、COD_(Cr)、SS间的EMC值均呈正相关;TN的EMC值与降雨量呈负相关性.各污染物EPL值与各降雨特征间均呈正相关性,经估算2015年研究区在6-8月共有10.38 tTN、2.29 tTP、1022.43 t SS、161.70 t CODCr和5.18 t NH_3-N随降雨径流排入巢湖;降雨量和雨前干期是城市径流污染的主要影响因素;以FF50>50为初期冲刷效应判别依据,5种污染物均有初期冲刷效应出现,冲刷程度表现为SS>CODCr>TP>TN>NH_3-N;各水质指标的初期冲刷强度与降雨特征之间无相关性;雨型对初期冲刷现象影响较大;当降雨强度达1.36 mm/h即有径流汇集流出时开始截流,截流时间取440 min,截取的最大径流量取224319.14 m^3.展开更多
文摘The traditional methods of storm sewers design must be supplemented by a precise and systematic analysis of the consequences of urbanization. This will ensure the reduction of the negative effects of urbanization in the process of stormwater sewer system normal functioning. As the urbanization of rural areas has been in constant progress, there was a need for the development of infrastructure system of urban planning documents that accompany urbanization. Surface storage appears to be one of the solutions that can have positive effects on the consequences of rapid urbanization in terms of preserving water quality of recipients, as well as opportunities to reduce the diameter of drain pipes downstream of surface storage. The necessary investments do not exceed the values of conventional technologies and procedures that are used for this purpose. The restriction of application of these methods is reflected in the limited space, especially in the smaller urban areas, where urbanization was a sudden and uncontrolled process. Future planning documents must contain alternatives like these, while the reservation of required space must be included in the planning documents in which the treatment of further development of the city will be found.
文摘In order to control combined system overflow (CSO) pollution of regional sewer systems in Shanghai,a global optimal control (GOC) is presented in this study.The GOC is based on the analysis of current situation and can maximize the utilization of the free storage of each sub systems and decrease the frequencies and durations of CSOs and flooding.A representative regional sewer system,which is located in the northwest of Shanghai and composed of sub systems of Zhenguang,Zhenru and Tongchuan,was taken as an example to demonstrate the efficiency of GOC with hydraulic model simulation test in the two representative scenarios (Scenario Ⅰ and Ⅱ).The results indicated that a great improvement in CSO emission is obtained by using the GOC in the two scenarios,and the CSO volume of three sub systems,Zhenru,Tongchuan and Zhenguang decreases to about 37.0%,38.3% and 35.7% in Scenario Ⅰ and 47.5%,51.8% and 63.5% in Scenario Ⅱ respectively.
文摘研究城市径流水质变化及初期冲刷效应对控制与治理城市径流污染具有重要指导意义.对塘西河上游6次降雨径流水质水量进行监测分析,计算次降雨径流平均浓度(EMC)和单位面积次降雨径流污染负荷(EPL),作M(V)曲线图研究初期冲刷现象.结果表明:降雨径流中悬浮物(SS)、化学需氧量(CODCr)和总磷(TP)的EMC值相对较大;SS的EMC值波动最为显著;总氮(TN)、TP、COD_(Cr)、SS间的EMC值均呈正相关;TN的EMC值与降雨量呈负相关性.各污染物EPL值与各降雨特征间均呈正相关性,经估算2015年研究区在6-8月共有10.38 tTN、2.29 tTP、1022.43 t SS、161.70 t CODCr和5.18 t NH_3-N随降雨径流排入巢湖;降雨量和雨前干期是城市径流污染的主要影响因素;以FF50>50为初期冲刷效应判别依据,5种污染物均有初期冲刷效应出现,冲刷程度表现为SS>CODCr>TP>TN>NH_3-N;各水质指标的初期冲刷强度与降雨特征之间无相关性;雨型对初期冲刷现象影响较大;当降雨强度达1.36 mm/h即有径流汇集流出时开始截流,截流时间取440 min,截取的最大径流量取224319.14 m^3.
