Microscopic simulation of multi-lane traffic under dynamic tolling and information feedback

To investigate drivers' lane-changing behavior under different information feedback strategies,a microscopic traffic simulation based on the cellular automaton model was made on the typical freeway with a regular lane and a high-occupancy one. A new dynamic tolling scheme in terms of the real-time traffic condition on the high-occupancy lane was further designed to enhance the whole freeway's flow throughput. The results show that the mean velocity feedback strategy is generally more efficient than the travel time feedback strategy in correctly guiding drivers' lane choice behavior. Specifically,the toll level,lane-changing rate and freeway's throughput and congestion coefficient induced by the travel time feedback strategy oscillate with larger amplitude and longer period. In addition,the dynamic tolling scheme can make the high-occupancy lane less congested and maximize the freeway's throughput when the regular-lane inflow rate is larger than 0.45.

Bus Priority Control for Dynamic Exclusive Bus Lane

One problem with the existing dynamic exclusive bus lane strategies is that bus signal priority strategies with multi-phase priority request at intersections are not adequately considered.The principle of bus signal priority level was designed based on the isolated multi-phase structure principle consideration of the bus signal priority,and a new priority approach for the dynamic exclusive bus lane was proposed.Two types of priority strategies,green extension and red truncation,were proposed for current phase and next phase buses,respectively.The control parameters including minimum green time,green extension time,maximum green time and bus arrival time are calculated.The case studies for this paper were carried out using four consecutive intersections of Huaide Middle Road in Changzhou City.The signal control scheme was designed using the conventional,exclusive bus lane method,the dynamic exclusive bus lane without signal priority method,and the proposed approach,respectively.The authors used the VISSIM simulation platform to evaluate the efficiency of each approach.Results showed that the method of approach can significantly decrease delays caused by social and conventional buses and make up for the negative impact social buses have on the bus rapid transit(BRT)operation,which allows the method to complement the dynamic,exclusive bus lane design.

An application of Bayesian multilevel model to evaluate variations in stochastic and dynamic transition of traffic conditions

This study seeks to investigate the variations associated with lane lateral locations and days of the week in the stochastic and dynamic transition of traffic regimes(DTTR).In the proposed analysis,hierarchical regression models fitted using Bayesian frameworks were used to calibrate the transition probabilities that describe the DTTR.Datasets of two sites on a freeway facility located in Jacksonville,Florida,were selected for the analysis.The traffic speed thresholds to define traffic regimes were estimated using the Gaussian mixture model(GMM).The GMM revealed that two and three regimes were adequate mixture components for estimating the traffic speed distributions for Site 1 and 2 datasets,respectively.The results of hierarchical regression models show that there is considerable evidence that there are heterogeneity characteristics in the DTTR associated with lateral lane locations.In particular,the hierarchical regressions reveal that the breakdown process is more affected by the variations compared to other evaluated transition processes with the estimated intra-class correlation(ICC)of about 73%.The transition from congestion on-set/dissolution(COD)to the congested regime is estimated with the highest ICC of 49.4%in the three-regime model,and the lowest ICC of 1%was observed on the transition from the congested to COD regime.On the other hand,different days of the week are not found to contribute to the variations(the highest ICC was 1.44%)on the DTTR.These findings can be used in developing effective congestion countermeasures,particularly in the application of intelligent transportation systems,such as dynamic lane-management strategies.

基于毫米波雷达的无人驾驶电动汽车换道动态避障控制方法

无人驾驶电动汽车在换道行驶中,难以细致地衡量道路中障碍物的移动状态,从而导致规划后的避障路线不够准确,可能会发生交通事故;对此,提出基于毫米波雷达的无人驾驶电动汽车换道动态避障控制方法;利用电动汽车内置的传感器设备,检测无人驾驶电动汽车的行驶状态和道路环境,判断电动汽车是否满足换道条件;综合考虑电动汽车和动态障碍物的移动状态,对无人驾驶电动汽车换道行为进行决策;采用毫米波雷达技术,设计动态避障控制器,根据决策结果规划换道避障路线,生成控制指令,实现无人驾驶电动汽车换道动态避障控制;通过效果测试实验得出结论:毫米波雷达技术的测量误差能够控制在0.1以内,位置控制误差和碰撞风险明显降低,具有更优的控制效果。

300 m^(2)级5车道隧道九硐室施工力学特性数值计算

针对深圳侨城东路宝鹏大型地下互通式立交涉及的300 m^(2)级5车道超大断面隧道,开展施工技术方案及结构受力研究.首先,提出一套“分硐室开挖+衬砌加强支护”的超大断面隧道九硐室开挖施工技术.然后,结合隧道几何尺寸及支护方案,建立Midas三维有限元数值计算模型探究5车道超大断面隧道开挖施工动态力学响应特性.最后,提取隧道各分部结构应力云图,统计特征测点应力及位移监测曲线.研究结果表明:施工期间需采用超前小导管+管棚注浆措施对围岩进行预加固;现场需通过双侧壁导坑+双临时横撑构成九硐室开挖工法,并采用双层初期支护+加强加厚二次衬砌支护方案;现场开挖施工后结构应力与位移呈现快速增加趋势,而后隧掌子面不断前移各统计曲线逐步趋于平稳;围岩压力峰值可达2.01 MPa,拱顶位置超前小导管内力值最大为10 kN,两侧拱腰位置管棚内力最高为20 kN,拱腰及拱脚位置钢拱架内力最大为113 kN,拱肩位置锁脚锚杆内力在第66开挖施工步达到18 kN;初支结构测点应力峰值为2.4 MPa;初支拱顶、拱肩部位沉降峰值分别为12.4、6.8 mm;管棚、锁脚锚杆等结构联合支护效果明显.

A Trajectory Planning Method of Automatic Lane Change Based on Dynamic Safety Domain

Traditional research on automatic lane change has primarily focused on high-speed scenarios and has not considered the dynamic state changes of surrounding vehicles.This paper addresses this problem by proposing a trajectory planning method to enable automatic lane change at medium and low speeds.The method is based on a dynamic safety domain model,which takes into account the actual state change of surrounding vehicles,as well as the upper boundary of the safety domain for collision avoidance and the lower boundary of comfort for vehicle stability.The proposed method involves the quantification of the safety and comfort boundaries through parametric modeling of the vehicle.A quintic polynomial trajectory planning method is proposed and evaluated through simulation and testing,resulting in improved safety and comfort for automatic lane change.

Empowering highway network:Optimal deployment and strategy for dynamic wireless charging lanes

Amid escalating energy crises and environmental pressures,electric vehicles(EVs)have emerged as an effective measure to reduce reliance on fossil fuels,combat climate change,uphold sustainable energy and environmental development,and strive towards carbon peaking and neutrality goals.This study introduces a nonlinear integer programming model for the deployment of dynamic wireless charging lanes(DWCLs)and EV charging strategy joint optimization in highway networks.Taking into account established charging resources in highway service areas(HSAs),the nonlinear charging characteristics of EV batteries,and the traffic capacity constraints of DWCLs.The model identifies the deployment of charging facilities and the EV charging strategy as the decision-making variables and aims to minimize both the DWCL construction and user charging costs.By ensuring that EVs maintain an acceptable state of charge(SoC),the model combines highway EV charging demand and highway EV charging strategy to optimize the DWCL deployment,thus reducing the construction cost of wireless charging facilities and user charging expenses.The efficacy and universality of the model are demonstrated using the classical Nguyen-Dupius network as a numerical example and a real-world highway network in Guangdong Province,China.Finally,a sensitivity analysis is conducted to corroborate the stability of the model.The results show that the operating speed of EVs on DWCLs has the largest impact on total cost,while battery capacity has the smallest.This comprehensive study offers vital insights into the strategic deployment of DWCLs,promoting the sustainable and efficient use of EVs in highway networks.

车联网下公交专用道复用的动态清空控制方法

传统公交专用道动态控制方法无法同时保证公交优先和车道利用率的提升,为解决该问题,本文提出车联网支持下公交专用道复用的动态清空控制方法(Dynamic Clearance Bus Lane,DCBL),建立随网联公交行驶车速和网联社会车辆换道时间动态变化的清空框模型,同时定义换道迫切系数,结合模糊控制理论,设计考虑驾驶员换道心理的换道概率输出算法,以模拟驾驶员实际换道过程,最后通过数值仿真以验证DCBL控制方法的有效性。仿真实验结果表明:DCBL控制方法将适用的交通密度范围扩大至0~71 pcu·km^(-1),比传统的BLIP(Bus Lane with Intermittent priority)、IBL(Intermittent Bus Lane)控制方法适用范围增加了9~21 pcu·km^(-1);在40~70 pcu·km^(-1)的中高交通密度区间,DCBL控制方法将社会车辆平均车速保持在45.86 km·h^(-1),比传统控制方法提高了17.9%~24.7%,将公交平均车速保持在33.68 km·h^(-1),对比公交期望车速仅降低了6.4%;DCBL控制方法在路段中高密度区间对公交车的行驶延误小于25 s,比传统控制方法提高路段通行能力8.0%~18.3%。

网联自主车辆协作换道行为博弈特性及模型

为了更加深入了解在车联网环境下车辆之间的动态交互博弈关系,基于自动驾驶车辆换道存在协作交互决策的自主特性,建立了网联自主驾驶车辆的协作换道行为模型。协作换道行为模型将换道决策过程的交互博弈时间作为换道的主要安全影响因素,速度收益作为换道博弈优化目标,运用SUMO仿真对比分析传统换道模型与协作博弈换道模型。仿真结果表明,协作博弈换道模型具有更好的速度收益、安全性和稳定性。异质车群中的网联自主车辆存在协作换道行为特性,博弈换道模型科学地表征了换道动态博弈过程,且具有很好的稳定性。

双层车辆荷载作用下地下空间半悬挂车道动力响应仿真分析

[目的]新型地下综合体预应力吊墙半悬挂式行车道结构具有美观、净空大的优点,但对该新型结构的力学性能的研究尚处于起始阶段,需要对该半悬挂式车道板结构的动力特性进行深入研究。[方法]以深圳市黄木岗地下综合交通枢纽某区间半悬挂式车道板隧道为背景,采用Midas/GTS软件建立地下综合体半悬挂车道板三维有限元模型,研究了双层车辆荷载作用下半悬挂车道板的位移、加速度、应力的动态响应规律。[结果及结论]车辆动荷载作用下,车道板中部位移及加速度响应最大,沿车道板中部至侧墙连接处位移与加速度响应逐渐减弱,车道板位移响应峰值约为吊墙、顶板与侧墙的4.6~12.3倍,吊墙、顶板与侧墙的加速度响应峰值约为车道板中部的4.0%~21.6%;动荷载作用下,车道板中部以及与侧墙的连接部位应力响应明显,在车道板与侧墙的连接处出现了应力集中现象,并表现为轻微的不对称变形特征;上层车辆荷载对吊墙的位移与加速度响应幅值影响相对较大,增长幅度明显高于其他区域。

动态专用道在城市智能轨道快运系统建设中的应用——以哈尔滨新区智能轨道快运系统1号线为例

智能轨道快运系统作为一种新型城市轨道交通系统,已经在国内一些城市成功开通运营,成为城市公共交通系统的重要组成部分。通常此类智能轨道系统采用独立路权的形式运营,以保证线路运行效率,但势必会抢占社会公共资源。文章从节约城市道路交通公共资源的角度出发,探讨动态专用道系统在智能轨道快运系统(ART)中的应用。通过详细阐述设计思路、应用场景、道路条件要求、系统配置以及配电和通信等关键要素,分析动态专用道系统在城市快速公共交通系统中的实施原理。最后以哈尔滨新区智能轨道快运系统1号线项目为例,展示动态专用道系统在实际建设中的成功应用,充分证明将动态专用道系统运用于城市智能轨道快运系建设的可行性。

信号交叉口动态直右车道相位转变清空车道控制方法研究

动态车道可以很好地解决交通上时空分配不均的问题,以减少交通拥堵,提高交叉口通行效率和时空资源利用率。但在动态车道相位转变时存在有一部分车辆还未驶离车道的情况,会对下一相位行驶的车辆造成延误。本文以动态直右车道车辆延误最小为目标,研究主、预信号同相位启亮时间差对车辆延误的影响,考虑道路状况、车流量、车速、车辆选择等因素,建立动态直右车道与主预交通信号协同优化模型。通过多个算例计算,以验证模型的合理性。最终可根据实时交通需求情况生成动态车道的信号优化方案。借助SUMO对优化方案进行仿真验证,将本文优化方法与定时信号配时方法在相同的假设条件下进行对比,实验结果表明,本文模型能更好地降低交叉口平均延误,实现时空利用率最大化。

交叉口同向可变车道动态控制与信号配时优化研究

为提高设置可变车道交叉口的通行效率,提出一种基于进口道同向可变车道动态控制的交叉口信号配时优化方法。首先,根据交叉口车辆到达–离去曲线法,对车流欠饱和及饱和两种状态下可变车道的动态控制阈值进行了研究;然后,以提前启亮时间、有效绿灯时间、信号周期和相位最小绿灯为约束条件,以交叉口车均延误时间最小为目标控制,通过MATLAB编制程序,构建了设置可变车道交叉口的信号配时动态优化模型;最后,通过实例采用VISSIM软件进行仿真验证和效果评价。

高速公路自动驾驶车辆测试段专用车道动态使用研究

为实现高速公路自动驾驶车辆专用车道对社会车辆时空路权的动态管理,提出1种基于高速公路自动驾驶车辆专用车道的动态设置与使用方法。基于自动驾驶车辆进出专用车道实时状态的变化,通过智能道钉闪亮范围的动态调整、可变信息标志的布设与控制、清空距离以及安全距离的空间保障,动态调整专用车道上社会车辆的使用路权,保证自动驾驶车辆的安全、快速通行。通过合理设置专用车道的动态使用,为目前高速路网中自动驾驶车辆流量较小的应用场景提供新思路,降低投入产出比,既保证车辆运行安全,又能提高通行效率与道路资源利用率。

Impact of viscosity modifier on asphalt properties used for bus rapid transit lanes in Chengdu

In order to find the effect of different viscosity modifier dosages on asphalt binder＇s performance in bus rapid transit lanes in the city of Chengdu, three different viscosity modifiers were analyzed： TAFPACK-super （TPS）, high-viscosity additive （HVA） and road-science- technology （RST）, and four different asphalt binders were investigated through laboratory experiments. The percent- ages of the viscosity modifiers used were： TPS （0%, 8%, 10%, 12%, 14% and 16%） and RST and HVA （8% and 12%） depending on the type of asphalt binder. Technical indicators of modifier asphalt were tested through con- ventional and unconventional binder tests. It has been found out that only a percentage greater than or equal to 14% TPS is reasonable to achieve the requirement set by 20,000 Pa. s for the 60℃ dynamic viscosity on local #70 grade asphalt. The results indicate that conventional bin- ders did not meet the requirements of the 60℃ dynamic viscosity when 12% of TPS or HVA modifiers were used. In addition, the B-type styrene-butadienne-styrene （SBS） modified asphalt binder has better viscosity balance than the A-type SBS modified when 8% of each of the three different kinds of viscosity modifiers is used. Therefore, the B-type modified SBS thus appears to be a suitable choice in asphalt mixtures for bus rapid transit lane with the 60℃ dynamic viscosity.

Continuum modeling for two-lane traffic flow with consideration of the traffic interruption probability

Considering the effects that the probability of traffic interruption and the friction between two lanes have on the car-following behaviour, this paper establishes a new two-lane microscopic car-following model. Based on this microscopic model, a new macroscopic model was deduced by the relevance relation of microscopic and macroscopic scale parameters for the two-lane traffic flow. Terms related to lane change are added into the continuity equations and velocity dynamic equations to investigate the lane change rate. Numerical results verify that the proposed model can be efficiently used to reflect the effect of the probability of traffic interruption on the shock, rarefaction wave and lane change behaviour on two-lane freeways. The model has also been applied in reproducing some complex traffic phenomena caused by traffic accident interruption.

Method of the left-turning bus priority at intersections based on a variable lane

To reduce the delay of left-turning buses and improve the traffic efficiency at signalized intersections,a novel variable bus approach lane(VBAL)control method based on bus pre-signals is proposed.This method combines the variable lane with the bus priority pre-signal,and realizes the left-turning bus priority without causing great impact on other vehicles.To validate the effectiveness of the method,the VBAL scheme was compared with the single left-turn lane scheme(SLTL)and the double left-turn lane scheme(DLTL).On this basis,the delay change calculation model of left-turning buses and through vehicles were established by the cumulative curve graphic method.The influence of vehicle proportion and green split on the model was studied through sensitivity analysis.The results show that VBAL can reduce the delay of left-turning bus and the increase of through vehicle delay to the greatest extent.Finally,the scheme was applied to a real-world intersection,and the results demonstrate the effectiveness and advantage of the VBAL scheme.

Continuum modeling for two-lane traffic flow

In this paper, we study the continuum modeling of traffic dynamics for two-lane freeways. A new dynamics model is proposed, which contains the speed gradient-based momentum equations derived from a car-following theory suited to two-lane traffic flow. The conditions for securing the linear stability of the new model are presented. Numerical tests are can＇ied out and some nonequilibrium phenomena are observed, such as small disturbance instability, stop-and-go waves, local clusters and phase transition.

A new traffic model with a lane-changing viscosity term

In this paper, a new continuum traffic flow model is proposed, with a lane-changing source term in the continuity equation and a lane-changing viscosity term in the acceleration equation. Based on previous literature, the source term addresses the impact of speed difference and density difference between adjacent lanes, which provides better precision for free lane-changing simulation; the viscosity term turns lane-changing behavior to a ＂force＂ that may influence speed distribution. Using a flux-splitting scheme for the model discretization, two cases are investigated numerically. The case under a homogeneous initial condition shows that the numerical results by our model agree well with the analytical ones; the case with a small initial disturbance shows that our model can simulate the evolution of perturbation, including propagation,dissipation, cluster effect and stop-and-go phenomenon.

基于自适应拟合的智能车换道避障轨迹规划

研究动态环境下的自动驾驶车辆换道避障模型预测轨迹规划。首先定义坐标系及动态换道避障场景,确定车辆换道避障轨迹规划的行驶约束条件,搭建被控车辆和障碍物车辆模型;然后设计自适应分段贝塞尔曲线拟合算法用以拟合换道避障轨迹规划的离散点序列;进一步采用模型预测控制算法,设计自动驾驶车辆换道避障轨迹规划方法。最后,对动态环境下自动驾驶车辆换道避障模型预测轨迹规划进行仿真分析,结果表明:本文的换道避障轨迹规划方案能够使被控车辆在动态环境下完成障碍物的规避并保持稳定状态;所设计的自适应分段贝塞尔曲线拟合算法拟合轨迹连续且光滑,换道避障轨迹规划提供的离散点序列与贝塞尔曲线对应点的拟合残差保持在设定阈值内。