大型溞繁殖试验是新化学物质申报中二级及以上常规申报必须提供的生态毒理学数据之一。采用半静态试验方式测试了重铬酸钾对大型溞(Daphnia magna Straus)生长繁殖的毒性效应,试验浓度设定为0.02mg/L、0.03mg/L、0.05mg/L、0.07mg/L、0....大型溞繁殖试验是新化学物质申报中二级及以上常规申报必须提供的生态毒理学数据之一。采用半静态试验方式测试了重铬酸钾对大型溞(Daphnia magna Straus)生长繁殖的毒性效应,试验浓度设定为0.02mg/L、0.03mg/L、0.05mg/L、0.07mg/L、0.11mg/L、0.17mg/L和0.25mg/L,同时进行空白对照试验。采用紫外分光光度法对试验溶液进行浓度分析,实测浓度保持在设定值的±20%内,所以试验结果以设定值为基础表示。结果表明:重铬酸钾对大型溞21d生长繁殖的无观察效应浓度为0.03mg/L,最低可观察效应浓度为0.05mg/L。展开更多
Allelochemicals sustained-release microspheres(ACs-SMs)exhibited great inhibition effect on algae,however,few studies have focused on ACs-SMs toxicity on invertebrate.In this study,the effects of single high-concentra...Allelochemicals sustained-release microspheres(ACs-SMs)exhibited great inhibition effect on algae,however,few studies have focused on ACs-SMs toxicity on invertebrate.In this study,the effects of single high-concentration ACs(15 mg/L,SH-ACs),repeated lowconcentration ACs(3×5 mg/L,RL-ACs)and ACs-SMs containing 15 mg/L ACs exposure on the ingestion,incorporation,and digestion of Daphniamagna Straus(DS)were investigated by stable isotope 15N labeling method.Meanwhile,the diversity and abundance of microflora in DS guts were determined by 16S rRNA genes and cloning methods.The results showed that SH-ACs exposure caused 50%and 33.3%death rates for newborn and adult DS,while RL-ACs exposure caused 10%death rate for newborn DS and no obvious effect on the activity of adult DS.And ACs-SMs exposure did not diminish the motility of both newborn and adult DS,indicating the lower acute toxicity of ACs-SMs.Furthermore,SH-ACs inhibited the ingestion(-6.45%),incorporation(-47.1%)and digestion(-53.8%)abilities of DS and reduced the microbial abundance(-27.7%)in DS guts.Compared with SH-ACs,RL-ACs showed relatively low impact on the ingestion(-3.23%),incorporation(-5.89%)and digestion(-23.9%)abilities of DS.Interestingly,ACs-SMs enhanced the ingestion(+9.68%),incorporation(+52.9%)and digestion(+51.3%)abilities of DS and increased the microbial abundance(+10.7%)in DS guts.Overall ACs and ACs-SMs reduced the diversity of microflora in DS guts.In conclusion,ACs-SMs can release ACs sustainably and prolong the sustained release time,which not only effectively reduce the toxicity of ACs,but also had positive effects on DS.展开更多
文摘大型溞繁殖试验是新化学物质申报中二级及以上常规申报必须提供的生态毒理学数据之一。采用半静态试验方式测试了重铬酸钾对大型溞(Daphnia magna Straus)生长繁殖的毒性效应,试验浓度设定为0.02mg/L、0.03mg/L、0.05mg/L、0.07mg/L、0.11mg/L、0.17mg/L和0.25mg/L,同时进行空白对照试验。采用紫外分光光度法对试验溶液进行浓度分析,实测浓度保持在设定值的±20%内,所以试验结果以设定值为基础表示。结果表明:重铬酸钾对大型溞21d生长繁殖的无观察效应浓度为0.03mg/L,最低可观察效应浓度为0.05mg/L。
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 41977317, 42177051)Beijing Natural Science Foundation (No. 8182037)
文摘Allelochemicals sustained-release microspheres(ACs-SMs)exhibited great inhibition effect on algae,however,few studies have focused on ACs-SMs toxicity on invertebrate.In this study,the effects of single high-concentration ACs(15 mg/L,SH-ACs),repeated lowconcentration ACs(3×5 mg/L,RL-ACs)and ACs-SMs containing 15 mg/L ACs exposure on the ingestion,incorporation,and digestion of Daphniamagna Straus(DS)were investigated by stable isotope 15N labeling method.Meanwhile,the diversity and abundance of microflora in DS guts were determined by 16S rRNA genes and cloning methods.The results showed that SH-ACs exposure caused 50%and 33.3%death rates for newborn and adult DS,while RL-ACs exposure caused 10%death rate for newborn DS and no obvious effect on the activity of adult DS.And ACs-SMs exposure did not diminish the motility of both newborn and adult DS,indicating the lower acute toxicity of ACs-SMs.Furthermore,SH-ACs inhibited the ingestion(-6.45%),incorporation(-47.1%)and digestion(-53.8%)abilities of DS and reduced the microbial abundance(-27.7%)in DS guts.Compared with SH-ACs,RL-ACs showed relatively low impact on the ingestion(-3.23%),incorporation(-5.89%)and digestion(-23.9%)abilities of DS.Interestingly,ACs-SMs enhanced the ingestion(+9.68%),incorporation(+52.9%)and digestion(+51.3%)abilities of DS and increased the microbial abundance(+10.7%)in DS guts.Overall ACs and ACs-SMs reduced the diversity of microflora in DS guts.In conclusion,ACs-SMs can release ACs sustainably and prolong the sustained release time,which not only effectively reduce the toxicity of ACs,but also had positive effects on DS.
