Design Strategy of Street Space Micro Renewal: A Case Study of Baihuazhou District of Nanchang City

Against the backdrop of incremental planning moving towards stock planning, strengtheningurban public space design to promote high-quality urban development has become a focus of attentionfor domestic scholars. Street is a linear element of urban public space, and it is of great significance forimproving the quality of urban public space by studying the micro renewal design strategy of street space.Based on the interpretation of two urban renewal cases, Wangjing Street in Beijing and Mengzhuiwan inChengdu, taking Baihuazhou area in Nanchang City as an example, this paper analyzes the main problemsin the current situation of street space in Baihuazhou area from three aspects: space use, traffic organization,and waterfront space creation, and explores the micro renewal design strategy of the street space.

Thermal Comfort Measurement and Landscape Reconstruction Strategy of Street Space Based on Decomposition Grid Method:A Case Study of Yangmeizhu Street

As an important public space in the city,street space is the second residence of people.Taking Yangmeizhu Street as the research object,this study established a street microclimate model in Beijing through microclimate measurement and simulation,and then calculated thermal comfort index of the street and evaluated thermal comfort of the street space and distribution model.The evaluation method used grid method to decompose and study and made several 10m×10m grids for inner space of the street,so as to compare deeply difference of microclimate environment in the street and analyze quantitatively relevance between street space elements(street pavement,street greening,building shadow coverage)and thermal comfort(physiological equivalent temperature PET)in the data.Finally,adaptive strategy of microclimate on street level was put forward to improve the environmental quality of public space in the old city by means of landscape design,aiming at creating a resilient and humanized street space and improving adaptability of microclimate and thermal comfort for living.

The Best Walking Recommendation Path by Considering the Quality of Street Space

Walking is a healthy and green way of travel,and seeking the best recommended route is the first choice for residents to travel.In this paper,according to actual demand of pedestrians,convenience,safety,comfort and appreciation are taken as different walking needs,to construct the evaluation system of urban street space quality.Combining the shortest path algorithm,the modified walking time cost of road section and intersection delay are used as impedance,obtaining the best walking recommendation paths of convenience,safety,comfort and appreciation between the beginning and the end.Moreover,the form of questionnaire survey is used for experimental verification of final recommended path.This paper could provide residents with walking path planning scheme under different needs.When guaranteeing travel efficiency,it could effectively improve walking quality of residents,with important significance for improving the attraction of green travel mode,providing diverse selectivity,and improving residents’ health.

The Analysis of Pingyao Ancient Town Street Spaces and View Spots Reachability by Space Syntax

The Pingyao ancient town is one of the four largest ancient cities in China. This study analyzes street spaces characteristic and view spots reachability of the Pingyao ancient town using space syntax. Then, it is concluded that the integration and reachability of street spaces are relatively higher in the northern ancient town;the accessibility among street spaces is relatively higher in the northeastern ancient town;and most of the ancient town street spaces are very open. Furthermore, the reachability of 14 view spots and their 4 corresponding street spaces is relatively higher in the 20 view spots and their 9 corresponding street spaces. Finally, some suggestions are presented to the tourism development of Pingyao ancient town based on the above conclusions.

Street Space in Traditional Settlements in Mountainous Area of North China

With mountainous area of North China as the research objective,the study analyzed street space in traditional settlements in mountainous area of North China from the perspective of form,structure and culture,hoping to find some methods and laws that could be served as the reference for the design of living environment in future.

人工智能在街道空间研究中的应用综述——基于CiteSpace的可视化分析

近年来,随着人工智能技术的持续发展和应用领域的不断拓展,街道空间的研究也催生出了新的研究技术和方法。借助CiteSpace软件对相关文献进行可视化分析,梳理了与城市街道空间相关的研究热点和发展趋势,并进一步分析国内人工智能在该领域的研究现状和相关技术的应用,为街道空间的后续研究和改造更新提供有益借鉴。结果表明:国内街道空间研究方面的相关论文数量日益增长,也较早地将人工智能技术引入到街道空间研究中,并在空间图像数据分析技术和计算机学习方法方面获得了突破性的发展,主要分为“街景图像分析”“街道空间品质评估”“街道安全评估”三大研究热点。

Study of Spatial Characteristics of Streets and Alleys in Traditional Villages:Taking Pingtan Comprehensive Experimental Area as an Example

Taking the traditional residential street space in Pingtan Comprehensive Experimental Area as an example,the factors influencing the formation and development of lane space and the distribution characteristics of lanes were analyzed in this paper.Subsequently,an analysis was conducted on the scale and proportion of street and lane space enclosed in the settlement,the experiential aspects of street and lane space,as well as the node space.Lastly,a systematic summary of the street space characteristics in the settlements of Pingtan Island and Dongxiang Island is presented.

Optimal Design of Street-side Green Spaces: A Case Study of Tiaoshan Cultural Park in Yuncheng City, Shanxi Province

Street-side green spaces are located by urban roads, serving neighboring residents and business population, they are public spaces for citizens working, relaxing and communicating with each other. Landscape design of street-side green spaces is the manifestation of city culture, history and development. Through investigating actual conditions, cultural and historical context, and neighboring traffic of Tiaoshan Cultural Park, this study summarizes deficiencies of the original plant and landscape setting designs, and proposes optimal designs of the park according to the design principles of street-side green spaces.

Design of Stay Space Based on Street Renewal: A Case Study of East Guangchang Road in Nanchang

In the era of rapid development of the city, creating space where people can stop to lead a slow life is one of the ways to improve the quality of life of people. The stay space in residential streets as a place for daily activities of modern people is slow space that is usually ignored. Modern people tend to have a relatively fixed choice of the stay space on the street. This study took East Guangchang Road in Nanchang for example to analyze the factors affecting people's staying activity on the street, the type of stay space, and the existing problems, and put forward a few design suggestions.

当代上海城市街道空间管控实践中的观念与方法

聚焦当代上海城市街道空间管控实践,梳理其发展演进历程,并基于空间治理的视角,以管控观念与方法的变迁为线索,从目标、对象、机制和路径4个层面,对其展开深入解析。由此提出,自1990年代以来,在上海街道空间管控的发展过程中,管控对象经历从要素到空间的迭代,管控机制发生从碎片化到整体化的转变;同时,有序与活力这一对管控目标在不同阶段交替出现,运动式治理与常规型治理这两种管控路径在实践探索中互为补充,共同推动街道空间品质螺旋上升,治理效能不断提高。

基于精细时空行为测度的街道空间人群数字画像构建与分异

【目的】城市空间景观设计需要匹配多元化人群的实际活动需求,既有的数字技术方法更多从大尺度、宏观视角出发研究人群活动,难以满足景观尺度上对人群时空行为的智能画像研究。从景观-建筑尺度深入探讨面向街道设计的人群数字画像识别指标体系与测度方法,可为理解街道建成环境与人群分异之间的互动机制提供依据。【方法】以江苏省南京市中央路为案例,通过采集基于手机定位服务(location-based services,LBS)的人群时空数据和街道空间数据,运用人工智能算法分析不同类型人群的街道空间时空使用特征;提出包含基本属性、时间偏好、空间偏好、设施偏好和景观偏好等多维度指标的街道空间人群数字画像测度方法和谱系构建方法。【结果】识别出213种街道空间人群类型和7类典型人群数字画像,揭示了街道空间人群数字画像的时空分异特征,发现了这些特征与现状街道景观设计和设施布局的关联性。【结论】基于街道空间人群数字画像的分析结果,针对性地提出提升街道空间品质的规划建议,有助于更好地满足不同人群的实际活动需求,以助力城市空间景观设计响应居民需求,从而创造更加宜居、舒适的城市环境。

基于计算机视觉与街景图像的城市街道绿化泛类结构量化分析与分布机制研究

在全球城市化和环境压力加剧的背景下,对城市街道绿化泛类结构(urban street greening general structure,USGGS)的量化是加强城市区域碳汇、缓解城市热岛效应以应对全球气候变化的重要前提。通过量化与分析不同城市的USGGS,探究其与城市建成环境之间的关系。使用改进的DeepLabV3+神经网络模型,对天津、杭州、深圳的城市全景街景图像进行语义分割,并结合细粒度数据量化USGGS,使用Robust回归模型分析USGGS与城市功能属性POI的关系。研究显示,天津的USGGS主要由单乔木和乔-灌结构组成,与商业属性和生活属性的POI紧密相关;而杭州和深圳则展现出包括草本植物在内的多样化USGGS与休闲文化设施的POI更强的关联性。通过对3个城市USGGS的量化、分析与比较,为城市绿色基础设施规划和管理奠定了一定的数据基础,同时基于城市街景图像对USGGS的分析也为城市碳汇计算与城市热环境研究提供了新的视角。

历史街区公共空间景观设计研究——以“庄河老街”为例

历史街区是重要的文化遗产,城市化进程使得老旧的历史街区遭受破坏。然而,现代社会对历史街区保护的重视和人际交流的需求使得历史街区公共空间的作用日益突显。文中以“庄河老街”为例,分析人的行为和心理特点,通过对历史街区风貌的保护和公共空间的进行改造,实现文化传承,使历史街区重新焕发活力,同时为将来的街区更新提供理论参考。

从街道场所到城市区域:美国城市宜居性的研究与实践

“宜居性”是20世纪60年代以来美国人本主义城市设计中的重要议题。区别于现代主义带有浓重乌托邦色彩的宏大城市构想,宜居性理论重点关注微小叙事和日常生活。文章通过详细梳理20世纪60年代以来美国宜居性理论研究和实践的发展历程发现:1996年以前的宜居性研究聚焦于街道—场所尺度,包含两条研究脉络,即从安全的街道到复合型林荫大道和从交往的场所到公共领域的重塑;1996年以后,新城市主义理论的发展推动了“街道—社区—城市—区域”多尺度融合的宜居性研究和实践。在此基础上,对我国的宜居城市建设提出3点启示:以人为本,优化步行和公交系统;关注日常生活,鼓励公共参与;注重多尺度空间要素的一致性和完整性。

北京健康街道评价方法研究

街道是提升城市空间品质的重要场所,也是推动街区更新与治理完善的重要领域。以健康街道评价为研究对象,首先对伦敦健康街道方法进行解读,强调健康街道评价与城市治理、评价结果与实施改善的紧密联系。在伦敦健康街道方法基础上,结合北京实际发展背景丰富评价内涵,提出以居民身心健康为目标,综合考虑社会、经济、环境等因素的北京健康街道评价体系,具体包括8个一级指标和20个二级指标,分为必评项、减分项和加分项三类。选取北京市三里屯地区亮马河路段作为试点,对街道现状进行主观评价和客观评价,并提出相应的改善方案建议。概念设计后评价结果显示,街道安全舒适、空间环境品质、健步悦骑友好等方面指标分数明显提升。最后指出,健康街道评价作为一种规划技术手段将在城市治理领域发展成为潜在的重要工具。

基于多源数据的街道空间品质测度研究——以芜湖市中心城区为例

在20世纪80年代后,城市经济与高速公路的发展使城市结构发生剧变,由街道构成的传统城镇空间形态被打破。而街道空间作为城市公共空间的重要组成部分,其空间品质的研究对城市在打造魅力街道、传统特色保留以及时代新元素的融入方面具有重大意义。研究发现:芜湖市中心城区街道综合空间品质整体上,呈现出中心放射状的整体结构,城市空间品质测度结构及城市建设强度的重心数值也呈现出南高北低、内高外低的指状分布特征;芜湖市中心城区5种类型的街道在空间分布上表现出较为分散的特征,不同类型的街道聚类伴随区位的迁移具有明显的差异性;交通导向型街道趋向于城市干道及快速路,但由于城市的各类服务型业态难以覆盖而导致街道服务性不足,生活导向型街道多数位于城市核心建设区,需要加强街道绿化和空间开敞度方面的建设。

互动理念在城市街角空间中的应用

为了将有限的街角空间改造为更佳的休憩活动场所,充分利用街角被忽视、遗弃的公共空间。基于互动理念视角探索互动理念在城市街角空间中的应用,在分析相关案例的基础上对城市街角空间的景观设计进行探索。得到互动性城市街角空间景观设计策略。对改进城市街角空间、优化城市边角空间有着积极意义。

城中村街巷空间绿视率分析与优化研究

绿视率作为人们对空间绿量的直观反映,也反映了道路与绿化的比例关系,所以绿视率和绿视率满意度能够以简洁的数据和评分反映街巷空间的绿化质量。以墨江县城中村街巷空间为例,采用现状调研、绿视率图像收集及计算、加上线下及网络问卷调查街巷空间满意度的方法进行研究,结果表明:(1)街巷空间平均绿视率均低于35%,居民满意度大部分评价为一般,现状景观质量较差,亟待提高。(2)经过对街巷空间绿视率及其满意度的深入评估,所得到的评价等级标准显示,在景观品质不佳的地区,公众对于绿视率的标准设定更高。(3)针对低绿视率现状提出空间优化、增加绿化、后期植物管理等优化策略,促进城中村人居环境的良好发展。

基于街景图像的商业街道空间品质测度

高品质的街道空间对建设活力、可持续的城市具有重要意义。文章以区域性中心城市——焦作市为例,从外在表征和客观物质空间两方面建立商业街道空间品质的评价指标体系,采用Person相关系数探究城市商业街道空间品质的影响因素,研究发现:(1)商业街道内的人流量在工作日和休息日有着不同的时空变化规律。(2)城市街道空间品质的外在表征与街道的绿视率和界面围合度等客观物质空间要素之间具有显著联系。(3)街道绿化既具备美化街道空间的功能,还能有效提升街道界面围合度。

城市生态学视角下人口流动实践与城市空间塑造的互构——基于武侯祠横街的田野调查

武侯祠横街的渊源与历史上的茶马互市有关,在当代城市发展中日益繁盛,遂吸引流动人口日益汇聚于此务工经商,成为一个充满民族特色的商业街区。特色商业空间的发展与人口流动实践之间,在持续不断的互构过程中实现了共生发展:一方面,依托城市空间,横街流动群体在实践中呈现内部分化、向上流动与边界弥合并存的趋势,流动效应持续累积;另一方面,流动实践不断充盈和塑造城市空间,推进横街走向包容性文化空间、民族互嵌式社会空间的内涵式发展。武侯祠横街人口流动实践与城市空间塑造之间的互构共生进程,验证了芝加哥学派所论人类活动与空间结构之互构关系,又与其城市空间形态所现“区隔”存在区别。