Background: Group B Streptococcus [GBS] is a bacterium which transiently colonises the genital tract and can be transmitted from mother to baby at birth. Babies colonised with GBS can develop early-onset group B strep...Background: Group B Streptococcus [GBS] is a bacterium which transiently colonises the genital tract and can be transmitted from mother to baby at birth. Babies colonised with GBS can develop early-onset group B streptococcus disease [EOGBSD] which can lead to extended hospital stay, disability and death. One of the primary methods for determining which women are most likely to be GBS positive at the time of birth is antenatal universal culture-based screening. Recently Polymerase Chain Reaction [PCR] screening has emerged as a point-of-care method for screening women during the intrapartum period. This study will compare the diagnostic accuracy of this new technology and antenatal culture-based screening at 35 to 37 weeks gestational age, with the reference standard of formal culture-based testing in labour. Methods: This prospective observational study will take place in an Australian hospital. Consecutive women with one or more live fetuses, intending to have a vaginal birth will be asked to participate. Planned screening for GBS colonisation using microbiological culture on a self-collected specimen will occur at 35 to 37 completed weeks gestational age as per our usual hospital policy. A PCR GBS test by Xpert GBS (Cepheid) will be performed on admission to labour ward or at the time of rupture of membranes. The reference standard will be a formal GBS culture on a combined lower vaginal and perianal swab. The sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, and positive and negative likelihood ratios will be estimated for both antenatal screening and the intrapartum Xpert GBS (Cepheid) point-of-care test and compared to the reference standard. Results: It is expected that the study will be completed by mid to late 2020. Conclusion: This study has the potential to improve the accuracy of GBS screening of pregnant women and therefore health outcomes for mothers and babies. There is also the potential for a cost savings to the health system.展开更多
目的检测新生儿B族链球菌(group B streptococcus,GBS)感染所致化脓性脑膜炎(purulent meningitis,PM)血清中维生素D、白细胞介素(interleukin,IL)-6、IL-10、肿瘤坏死因子-α(tumor necrosis factor-α,TNF-α)和C反应蛋白(c-reactive ...目的检测新生儿B族链球菌(group B streptococcus,GBS)感染所致化脓性脑膜炎(purulent meningitis,PM)血清中维生素D、白细胞介素(interleukin,IL)-6、IL-10、肿瘤坏死因子-α(tumor necrosis factor-α,TNF-α)和C反应蛋白(c-reactive protein,CRP)的表达水平,并探讨其临床价值。方法选取2017年5月至2020年5月在秦皇岛市第一医院出生的59例GBS感染的PM新生儿纳入观察组,同期59例非GBS感染的PM新生儿(晚发败血症)纳入对照组。检测所有受试者血清维生素D、CRP、IL-6、IL-10和TNF-α水平,并进行Pearson相关性分析;利用受试者操作特征(receiver operating characteristic,ROC)曲线分析血清维生素D和炎性细胞因子对新生儿GBS感染所致PM的诊断价值。统计学方法采用t检验、χ^(2)检验和Pearson相关性分析。结果观察组与对照组孕产妇胎膜早破[47.5%(28/59)与5.1%(3/59),χ^(2)=27.345]、产时窒息[52.5%(31/59)与18.6%(11/59),χ^(2)=14.787]和产褥感染[(44.1%(26/59)与(22.0%(13/59)),χ^(2)=6.473]的发生率比较,观察组明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组血清维生素D水平显著低于对照组[(13.3±2.1)μg/L与(21.1±5.0)μg/L,t=11.345],IL-6[(87.1±14.5)μg/L与(63.9±11.9)μg/L,t=9.507]、IL-10[(49.6±15.2)μg/L与(29.3±10.0)μg/L,t=8.596]、TNF-α[(76.8±19.0)μg/L与(50.0±10.8)μg/L,t=9.410]和CRP[(21.5±5.0)μg/L与(13.7±3.7)μg/L,t=9.702]水平显著高于对照组(P值均<0.05)。Pearson相关性分析结果显示,观察组血清维生素D水平分别与IL-6、IL-10、TNF-α和CRP水平呈负相关(r=-0.662、-0.644、-0.564、-0.643,P<0.05);血清维生素D、IL-6、IL-10、TNF-α和CRP单独诊断GBS感染新生儿PM的曲线下面积(area under the curve,AUC)分别为0.831(95%CI:0.757~0.904)、0.887(95%CI:0.830~0.944)、0.859(95%CI:0.793~0.925)、0.888(95%CI:0.821~0.955)、0.879(95%CI:0.820~0.938),5项联合检测的AUC为0.991(95%CI:0.978~1.000)。结论GBS感染所致的PM新生儿血清中维生素D水平降低,炎性细胞因子水平增加,对于GBS感染所致的PM具有一定的辅助诊断价值。展开更多
目的分析B族链球菌(group B Streptococcus,GBS)筛查阳性孕母所分娩新生儿的转归及早期炎性指标检测的临床应用价值。方法选取2017年10月至2021年10月解放军总医院第五医学中心收治的GBS筛查阳性孕妇所分娩的135例高危新生儿为研究对象...目的分析B族链球菌(group B Streptococcus,GBS)筛查阳性孕母所分娩新生儿的转归及早期炎性指标检测的临床应用价值。方法选取2017年10月至2021年10月解放军总医院第五医学中心收治的GBS筛查阳性孕妇所分娩的135例高危新生儿为研究对象,根据孕母产前是否应用抗生素分为抗生素组(n=77)及对照组(n=58)。比较两组孕母情况、患儿一般情况、病理性黄疸发生率、不同时间点白细胞(white blood cell,WBC)计数、C反应蛋白(C-reactive protein,CRP)、降钙素原(procalcitonin,PCT)水平。通过受试者操作特征(receiver operating characteristic,ROC)曲线分析不同时间点WBC、CRP、PCT的临床应用价值。统计学方法采用独立样本t检验、χ^(2)检验、秩和检验。结果抗生素组新生儿炎性指标异常率明显低于对照组[26.0%(20/77)与48.3%(28/55),χ^(2)=6.311,P=0.012]。两组患儿分娩方式、羊水污染率、胎膜早破率、病理性黄疸发生率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P值均>0.05)。抗生素组6、24 h CRP水平均低于对照组[0.2(0.1,0.3)mg/L与0.2(0.1,0.4)mg/L,2.3(1.0,6.0)mg/L与4.0(2.8,10.5)mg/L,t=-3.137、-3.010,P值均<0.05]。135例高危新生儿中,发生早发型GBS败血症2例(1.5%)。48例(35.6%)患儿炎性指标异常,平均住院时间(6.3±1.3)d,均痊愈出院。生后24 h WBC及CRP联合检测对于发现新生儿感染意义最大,曲线下面积(area under the curve,AUC)为0.882。结论对GBS筛查阳性孕母分娩前应用抗生素预防治疗可以减少新生儿感染的发生,生后24 h WBC及CRP联合检测对于早期发现新生儿感染有重要意义。展开更多
孕妇筛查结合产时抗生素预防是目前预防新生儿B族链球菌(group B Streptococcus,GBS)感染的主要策略,推广使用这一策略有效降低了新生儿GBS早发型疾病的发病率,但GBS感染的疾病负担仍很严重。产时抗生素预防策略存在引起抗生素耐药性、...孕妇筛查结合产时抗生素预防是目前预防新生儿B族链球菌(group B Streptococcus,GBS)感染的主要策略,推广使用这一策略有效降低了新生儿GBS早发型疾病的发病率,但GBS感染的疾病负担仍很严重。产时抗生素预防策略存在引起抗生素耐药性、不能有效预防GBS晚发型疾病等局限,研发和评估其他预防策略至关重要,同时还需要密切关注如何评估孕妇青霉素过敏,以及母亲GBS筛查阴性的新生儿GBS感染的预防等问题。近年来,GBS疫苗及其免疫学相关研究取得了一些进展,应用特异性疫苗有望进一步减少新生儿GBS感染。展开更多
文摘Background: Group B Streptococcus [GBS] is a bacterium which transiently colonises the genital tract and can be transmitted from mother to baby at birth. Babies colonised with GBS can develop early-onset group B streptococcus disease [EOGBSD] which can lead to extended hospital stay, disability and death. One of the primary methods for determining which women are most likely to be GBS positive at the time of birth is antenatal universal culture-based screening. Recently Polymerase Chain Reaction [PCR] screening has emerged as a point-of-care method for screening women during the intrapartum period. This study will compare the diagnostic accuracy of this new technology and antenatal culture-based screening at 35 to 37 weeks gestational age, with the reference standard of formal culture-based testing in labour. Methods: This prospective observational study will take place in an Australian hospital. Consecutive women with one or more live fetuses, intending to have a vaginal birth will be asked to participate. Planned screening for GBS colonisation using microbiological culture on a self-collected specimen will occur at 35 to 37 completed weeks gestational age as per our usual hospital policy. A PCR GBS test by Xpert GBS (Cepheid) will be performed on admission to labour ward or at the time of rupture of membranes. The reference standard will be a formal GBS culture on a combined lower vaginal and perianal swab. The sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, and positive and negative likelihood ratios will be estimated for both antenatal screening and the intrapartum Xpert GBS (Cepheid) point-of-care test and compared to the reference standard. Results: It is expected that the study will be completed by mid to late 2020. Conclusion: This study has the potential to improve the accuracy of GBS screening of pregnant women and therefore health outcomes for mothers and babies. There is also the potential for a cost savings to the health system.
文摘目的检测新生儿B族链球菌(group B streptococcus,GBS)感染所致化脓性脑膜炎(purulent meningitis,PM)血清中维生素D、白细胞介素(interleukin,IL)-6、IL-10、肿瘤坏死因子-α(tumor necrosis factor-α,TNF-α)和C反应蛋白(c-reactive protein,CRP)的表达水平,并探讨其临床价值。方法选取2017年5月至2020年5月在秦皇岛市第一医院出生的59例GBS感染的PM新生儿纳入观察组,同期59例非GBS感染的PM新生儿(晚发败血症)纳入对照组。检测所有受试者血清维生素D、CRP、IL-6、IL-10和TNF-α水平,并进行Pearson相关性分析;利用受试者操作特征(receiver operating characteristic,ROC)曲线分析血清维生素D和炎性细胞因子对新生儿GBS感染所致PM的诊断价值。统计学方法采用t检验、χ^(2)检验和Pearson相关性分析。结果观察组与对照组孕产妇胎膜早破[47.5%(28/59)与5.1%(3/59),χ^(2)=27.345]、产时窒息[52.5%(31/59)与18.6%(11/59),χ^(2)=14.787]和产褥感染[(44.1%(26/59)与(22.0%(13/59)),χ^(2)=6.473]的发生率比较,观察组明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组血清维生素D水平显著低于对照组[(13.3±2.1)μg/L与(21.1±5.0)μg/L,t=11.345],IL-6[(87.1±14.5)μg/L与(63.9±11.9)μg/L,t=9.507]、IL-10[(49.6±15.2)μg/L与(29.3±10.0)μg/L,t=8.596]、TNF-α[(76.8±19.0)μg/L与(50.0±10.8)μg/L,t=9.410]和CRP[(21.5±5.0)μg/L与(13.7±3.7)μg/L,t=9.702]水平显著高于对照组(P值均<0.05)。Pearson相关性分析结果显示,观察组血清维生素D水平分别与IL-6、IL-10、TNF-α和CRP水平呈负相关(r=-0.662、-0.644、-0.564、-0.643,P<0.05);血清维生素D、IL-6、IL-10、TNF-α和CRP单独诊断GBS感染新生儿PM的曲线下面积(area under the curve,AUC)分别为0.831(95%CI:0.757~0.904)、0.887(95%CI:0.830~0.944)、0.859(95%CI:0.793~0.925)、0.888(95%CI:0.821~0.955)、0.879(95%CI:0.820~0.938),5项联合检测的AUC为0.991(95%CI:0.978~1.000)。结论GBS感染所致的PM新生儿血清中维生素D水平降低,炎性细胞因子水平增加,对于GBS感染所致的PM具有一定的辅助诊断价值。
文摘目的分析B族链球菌(group B Streptococcus,GBS)筛查阳性孕母所分娩新生儿的转归及早期炎性指标检测的临床应用价值。方法选取2017年10月至2021年10月解放军总医院第五医学中心收治的GBS筛查阳性孕妇所分娩的135例高危新生儿为研究对象,根据孕母产前是否应用抗生素分为抗生素组(n=77)及对照组(n=58)。比较两组孕母情况、患儿一般情况、病理性黄疸发生率、不同时间点白细胞(white blood cell,WBC)计数、C反应蛋白(C-reactive protein,CRP)、降钙素原(procalcitonin,PCT)水平。通过受试者操作特征(receiver operating characteristic,ROC)曲线分析不同时间点WBC、CRP、PCT的临床应用价值。统计学方法采用独立样本t检验、χ^(2)检验、秩和检验。结果抗生素组新生儿炎性指标异常率明显低于对照组[26.0%(20/77)与48.3%(28/55),χ^(2)=6.311,P=0.012]。两组患儿分娩方式、羊水污染率、胎膜早破率、病理性黄疸发生率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P值均>0.05)。抗生素组6、24 h CRP水平均低于对照组[0.2(0.1,0.3)mg/L与0.2(0.1,0.4)mg/L,2.3(1.0,6.0)mg/L与4.0(2.8,10.5)mg/L,t=-3.137、-3.010,P值均<0.05]。135例高危新生儿中,发生早发型GBS败血症2例(1.5%)。48例(35.6%)患儿炎性指标异常,平均住院时间(6.3±1.3)d,均痊愈出院。生后24 h WBC及CRP联合检测对于发现新生儿感染意义最大,曲线下面积(area under the curve,AUC)为0.882。结论对GBS筛查阳性孕母分娩前应用抗生素预防治疗可以减少新生儿感染的发生,生后24 h WBC及CRP联合检测对于早期发现新生儿感染有重要意义。
文摘孕妇筛查结合产时抗生素预防是目前预防新生儿B族链球菌(group B Streptococcus,GBS)感染的主要策略,推广使用这一策略有效降低了新生儿GBS早发型疾病的发病率,但GBS感染的疾病负担仍很严重。产时抗生素预防策略存在引起抗生素耐药性、不能有效预防GBS晚发型疾病等局限,研发和评估其他预防策略至关重要,同时还需要密切关注如何评估孕妇青霉素过敏,以及母亲GBS筛查阴性的新生儿GBS感染的预防等问题。近年来,GBS疫苗及其免疫学相关研究取得了一些进展,应用特异性疫苗有望进一步减少新生儿GBS感染。
