Discharge of heavy metals from metal processing industries is known to have adverse effects on the environment.Bio-sorption of heavy metals by metabolically inactive biomass of microbial organisms is an innovative and...Discharge of heavy metals from metal processing industries is known to have adverse effects on the environment.Bio-sorption of heavy metals by metabolically inactive biomass of microbial organisms is an innovative and alternative technology for removal of these pollutants from aqueous solution.The search of marine actinobacteria with potential heavy metal biosorption ability resulted in the identification of a novel alkalophilic Streptomyces VITSVK5 species.The biosorption property of Streptomyces VITSVK5 spp.was investigated by absorbing heavy metals Cadmium (Cd) and Lead (Pb).Physiochemical characteristics and trace metal concentration analysis of the backwater showed the concentrations of different metals were lead 13±2.1 μg L-1,cadmium 3.1±0.3μg L-1,zinc 8.4±2.6μg L-1 and copper 0.3±0.1μg L-1,whereas mercury was well below the detection limit.The effect of pH and biomass dosage on removal efficiency of heavy metal ions was also investigated.The optimum pH for maximal biosorption was 4.0 for Cd (II) and 5.0 for Pb (II) with 41% and 84% biosorption respectively.The biosorbent dosage was optimized as 3 g L-1 for both the trace metals.Fourier transform infrared absorption spectrum results indicated the chemical interactions of hydrogen atoms in carboxyl (–COOH),hydroxyl (–CHOH) and amine (–NH2) groups of biomass with the metal ions.This could be mainly involved in the biosorption of Cd (II) and Pb (II) onto Streptomyces VITSVK5 spp.The results of our study revealed Streptomyces metabolites could be used to develop a biosorbent for adsorbing metal ions from aqueous environments.展开更多
The sea potato Acaudina spp.is a species of sea cucumber,belonging to the class Holothuroidea under Phylum Echino-dermata.It becomes blooming recently in the East Sea of China,causing serious ecological problems.Howev...The sea potato Acaudina spp.is a species of sea cucumber,belonging to the class Holothuroidea under Phylum Echino-dermata.It becomes blooming recently in the East Sea of China,causing serious ecological problems.However,until now there are no molecular data for its larval identification and population genetic analysis.In this study,we firstly screened a mtDNA fragment and demonstrated that it was the species-specific molecular marker for the identification of Acaudina spp.We then developed a quantitative polymerase chain reaction(PCR)method to evaluate the larval density of Acaudina spp.based on this molecular probe.Utilizing this method,we examined 116 plankton samples collected in four seasons from 13 stations along the coastal region in Fu-jian province,China.The results showed that the high larval density was presented at stations 1,2,and 3,which were near a quay in the coast.The larval density increased from April and reached the highest value in June and July,suggesting temperature might be the main environmental factor on the effects of its population distribution and density.Our work provides an important molecular tool for species identification and risk evaluation of a potentially invasive species.展开更多
[Objective]The paper was to screen and identify biocontrol strains against potato black shank disease in Inner Mongolia.[Method]Totally 58 strains of Bacillus spp.preserved in the laboratory were used to screen and id...[Objective]The paper was to screen and identify biocontrol strains against potato black shank disease in Inner Mongolia.[Method]Totally 58 strains of Bacillus spp.preserved in the laboratory were used to screen and identify biocontrol agents against potato black shank disease,and the antagonistic activities of strains were determined by plate confrontation culture method.[Result]A total of 17 strains showed antagonistic activity against Pectobacterium atrosepticum in potato,accounting for 29.31%of the tested strains.Five strains with better antagonistic effect were obtained by further screening,namely Chi8-7,Genyun4-4,Gen7-4,Jing6-7,and S-7.Genyun4-4 had the most obvious bacteriostatic effect,and the average inhibition zone diameter reached 20.7 mm,significantly higher than those of other tested strains.Results of bioactivity determination also demonstrated that the strain had better bacteriostatic effect.Through morphological observation,molecular identification and physiological and biochemical characteristics determination,the strain Chi8-7 was identified as Bacillus amyloliquefaciens;the strain Genyun4-4 was identified as B.subtilis;and strains Gen7-4,Jing6-7 and S-7 were identified as B.methylotrophicus.[Conclusion]The results will lay a theoretical basis for biological control against potato black shank disease in Inner Mongolia.展开更多
Potato is the main material of nutrition comes after the wheat and, is subjected to attacks of different plant parasitic nematodes which cause serious damages in our country. Especially, root-knot nematodes cause seri...Potato is the main material of nutrition comes after the wheat and, is subjected to attacks of different plant parasitic nematodes which cause serious damages in our country. Especially, root-knot nematodes cause serious crop losses on them. Due to usage oflnfested seeds, parasitic nematodes are increasing from year to year. In our country, so far, many infested hosts of Meloidogyne incognita （Kofoid ＆White, 1919） Chitwood, 1949 were detected but there is no report on investigation on potato. During this study, adult females of root-knot nematodes were obtained via extracting gals of 133 tuber samples, collected potatoes fields in the Marmara region especially Balikesir, Bilecik, Bursa, Canakkale, Edirne, Istanbul, Kirklareli, Kocaeli, Sakarya and Tekirdag provinces during 2007-2008. During identification the species, second stage larvae were taken into consideration as well as genital preparations of adult females. For the identification classical methods were used together with molecular methods. As result, M. incognita was detected, only species detected among the Meloidogyne genus upon the 10 provinces investigated in Edirne province, Bosna village. This is the first report of the infestation of this species potato and also in Marmara Region.展开更多
Ten isolates of Erwinia carotovora ssp. carotovora (Ecc) were isolated from infected potato tubers of Picasso, Sante, and Nevskiy varieties collected from different regions in Kyrgyzstan. Isolates were identified as E...Ten isolates of Erwinia carotovora ssp. carotovora (Ecc) were isolated from infected potato tubers of Picasso, Sante, and Nevskiy varieties collected from different regions in Kyrgyzstan. Isolates were identified as Erwinia carotovora ssp. carotovora (Ecc) by standard bacteriological techniques and pathogenicity tests on tubers and also by PCR analyses. Tests on the pathogenicity of E. carotovora ssp. carotovora (Ecc) strains to host plants by artificial inoculation have shown a high sensibility of the Picasso variety. As a result, five isolates were chosen, three isolates (EcPo1, EcPo2, and Eco3) were highly pathogenic, while two isolates (Eco4 and Eco5) were weakly pathogenic. The antagonistic bacteria, Streptomyces diastatochromogenes strain sk-6, and Streptomyces graminearuss strain sk-2, have a highly significant effect on soft rot bacteria isolates (Ecc), more than the other tested antagonistic organisms in vitro screening biotests. The Streptomyces diastatochromogenes sk-6 was selected for the control assay of storage potatoes against the most common soft rot bacterial strain in Kyrgyzstan, Erwinia carotovora sp. carotovora EcPo2. The pretreatment of potato tubers with antagonistic bacteria successfully prevented the initial infection multiplication of soft rot bacteria and reduced soft rot disease of potatoes in storage. These results justify selection of the dose 10<sup>6</sup> cells/ml of bacteria Streptomyces diastatochromogenes sk-6 for use in powdering the infected or non-infected potato tubers to suppress the development soft rot during storage. Streptomyces diastatochromogenes sk-6 as a biological disinfectant could destroy surface and internal infections, protect the tubers from the growth of phytopathogenic bacteria in the early period of their reproduction, and improve the overwintering of winter crops.展开更多
文摘Discharge of heavy metals from metal processing industries is known to have adverse effects on the environment.Bio-sorption of heavy metals by metabolically inactive biomass of microbial organisms is an innovative and alternative technology for removal of these pollutants from aqueous solution.The search of marine actinobacteria with potential heavy metal biosorption ability resulted in the identification of a novel alkalophilic Streptomyces VITSVK5 species.The biosorption property of Streptomyces VITSVK5 spp.was investigated by absorbing heavy metals Cadmium (Cd) and Lead (Pb).Physiochemical characteristics and trace metal concentration analysis of the backwater showed the concentrations of different metals were lead 13±2.1 μg L-1,cadmium 3.1±0.3μg L-1,zinc 8.4±2.6μg L-1 and copper 0.3±0.1μg L-1,whereas mercury was well below the detection limit.The effect of pH and biomass dosage on removal efficiency of heavy metal ions was also investigated.The optimum pH for maximal biosorption was 4.0 for Cd (II) and 5.0 for Pb (II) with 41% and 84% biosorption respectively.The biosorbent dosage was optimized as 3 g L-1 for both the trace metals.Fourier transform infrared absorption spectrum results indicated the chemical interactions of hydrogen atoms in carboxyl (–COOH),hydroxyl (–CHOH) and amine (–NH2) groups of biomass with the metal ions.This could be mainly involved in the biosorption of Cd (II) and Pb (II) onto Streptomyces VITSVK5 spp.The results of our study revealed Streptomyces metabolites could be used to develop a biosorbent for adsorbing metal ions from aqueous environments.
基金This work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2018YFD0900705)the Key Laboratory of Integrated Marine Monitor-ing and Applied Technologies for Harmful Algal Blooms Funds(No.MATHAB201706)the Fundamental Re-search Funds for the Central Universities(No.201822016).
文摘The sea potato Acaudina spp.is a species of sea cucumber,belonging to the class Holothuroidea under Phylum Echino-dermata.It becomes blooming recently in the East Sea of China,causing serious ecological problems.However,until now there are no molecular data for its larval identification and population genetic analysis.In this study,we firstly screened a mtDNA fragment and demonstrated that it was the species-specific molecular marker for the identification of Acaudina spp.We then developed a quantitative polymerase chain reaction(PCR)method to evaluate the larval density of Acaudina spp.based on this molecular probe.Utilizing this method,we examined 116 plankton samples collected in four seasons from 13 stations along the coastal region in Fu-jian province,China.The results showed that the high larval density was presented at stations 1,2,and 3,which were near a quay in the coast.The larval density increased from April and reached the highest value in June and July,suggesting temperature might be the main environmental factor on the effects of its population distribution and density.Our work provides an important molecular tool for species identification and risk evaluation of a potentially invasive species.
基金Special Project for Transformation of Scientific and Technological Achievements of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region(2019CG026)Science and Technology Planning Project of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region(2019GG180)National Key R&D Program(2017YFD0201101).
文摘[Objective]The paper was to screen and identify biocontrol strains against potato black shank disease in Inner Mongolia.[Method]Totally 58 strains of Bacillus spp.preserved in the laboratory were used to screen and identify biocontrol agents against potato black shank disease,and the antagonistic activities of strains were determined by plate confrontation culture method.[Result]A total of 17 strains showed antagonistic activity against Pectobacterium atrosepticum in potato,accounting for 29.31%of the tested strains.Five strains with better antagonistic effect were obtained by further screening,namely Chi8-7,Genyun4-4,Gen7-4,Jing6-7,and S-7.Genyun4-4 had the most obvious bacteriostatic effect,and the average inhibition zone diameter reached 20.7 mm,significantly higher than those of other tested strains.Results of bioactivity determination also demonstrated that the strain had better bacteriostatic effect.Through morphological observation,molecular identification and physiological and biochemical characteristics determination,the strain Chi8-7 was identified as Bacillus amyloliquefaciens;the strain Genyun4-4 was identified as B.subtilis;and strains Gen7-4,Jing6-7 and S-7 were identified as B.methylotrophicus.[Conclusion]The results will lay a theoretical basis for biological control against potato black shank disease in Inner Mongolia.
文摘Potato is the main material of nutrition comes after the wheat and, is subjected to attacks of different plant parasitic nematodes which cause serious damages in our country. Especially, root-knot nematodes cause serious crop losses on them. Due to usage oflnfested seeds, parasitic nematodes are increasing from year to year. In our country, so far, many infested hosts of Meloidogyne incognita （Kofoid ＆White, 1919） Chitwood, 1949 were detected but there is no report on investigation on potato. During this study, adult females of root-knot nematodes were obtained via extracting gals of 133 tuber samples, collected potatoes fields in the Marmara region especially Balikesir, Bilecik, Bursa, Canakkale, Edirne, Istanbul, Kirklareli, Kocaeli, Sakarya and Tekirdag provinces during 2007-2008. During identification the species, second stage larvae were taken into consideration as well as genital preparations of adult females. For the identification classical methods were used together with molecular methods. As result, M. incognita was detected, only species detected among the Meloidogyne genus upon the 10 provinces investigated in Edirne province, Bosna village. This is the first report of the infestation of this species potato and also in Marmara Region.
文摘Ten isolates of Erwinia carotovora ssp. carotovora (Ecc) were isolated from infected potato tubers of Picasso, Sante, and Nevskiy varieties collected from different regions in Kyrgyzstan. Isolates were identified as Erwinia carotovora ssp. carotovora (Ecc) by standard bacteriological techniques and pathogenicity tests on tubers and also by PCR analyses. Tests on the pathogenicity of E. carotovora ssp. carotovora (Ecc) strains to host plants by artificial inoculation have shown a high sensibility of the Picasso variety. As a result, five isolates were chosen, three isolates (EcPo1, EcPo2, and Eco3) were highly pathogenic, while two isolates (Eco4 and Eco5) were weakly pathogenic. The antagonistic bacteria, Streptomyces diastatochromogenes strain sk-6, and Streptomyces graminearuss strain sk-2, have a highly significant effect on soft rot bacteria isolates (Ecc), more than the other tested antagonistic organisms in vitro screening biotests. The Streptomyces diastatochromogenes sk-6 was selected for the control assay of storage potatoes against the most common soft rot bacterial strain in Kyrgyzstan, Erwinia carotovora sp. carotovora EcPo2. The pretreatment of potato tubers with antagonistic bacteria successfully prevented the initial infection multiplication of soft rot bacteria and reduced soft rot disease of potatoes in storage. These results justify selection of the dose 10<sup>6</sup> cells/ml of bacteria Streptomyces diastatochromogenes sk-6 for use in powdering the infected or non-infected potato tubers to suppress the development soft rot during storage. Streptomyces diastatochromogenes sk-6 as a biological disinfectant could destroy surface and internal infections, protect the tubers from the growth of phytopathogenic bacteria in the early period of their reproduction, and improve the overwintering of winter crops.
