Protection of Innovative Achievements,Spatial Spillover,and Internal Structural Upgrading of the Productive Service Industry-Empirical Evidence from 28 Provinces in China

This study measured the level of innovation achievement protection and the degree of internal structural upgrading of the productive service industry in 28 provinces of China from 2000 to 2022.Exploratory spatial analysis methods were used to test the spatial correlation between the two variables,and the spatial impact of innovation achievement protection on the optimization of the internal structure of the productive service industry was examined at the national and sectoral levels.The results showed three main aspects of this system.(1)The agglomeration level of innovation achievement protection and internal structure optimization of the productive service industry between regions in China continued to increase during the sample period,and there was a clear similarity and synchronicity in the spatial evolution of the two variables.(2)The overall improvement in the protection level of innovative achievements is conducive to promoting the internal structural upgrading of China’s productive service industry.However,there are significant differences in the degree to which the protection of innovative achievements affects the internal structural upgrading of the productive service industry in the four major regions of the East,Central,Northeast,and West.The protection of innovative achievements in the East and Central regions significantly promotes the internal structural optimization of the productive service industry,while this effect is not significant in the western and northeastern regions.(3)The results of the robustness test indicate that the impact of internal structural upgrading of the productive service industry in the previous year on the level of innovation achievement protection is not significant.The interference from abnormal values of the internal structural upgrading of the productive service industry in various regions and the influence of municipalities directly under the central government on the regression results are not significant.After replacing the main variable,the coefficient of the innovation achievement protection level remained significantly positive.The conclusions of this study supplement and improve the theory of innovation achievement protection and industrial transformation and upgrading,providing decision-making support for improving the level of innovation achievement protection and promoting the internal structural upgrading of the productive service industries in China.

Can Industrial Structure Upgrading Restrain Industrial Land Expansion?Evidence from China

China has made great achievements in industrial development and is transforming into a powerful manufacturing country.Meanwhile,the industrial land scale is also expanding.However,whether industrial structure upgrading achieves the purpose of restraining industrial land expansion remains unanswered.By calculating the industrial land structure index(ILSI)and industrial land expansion scale(ILES),this study analyzed their temporal and spatial distribution characteristics at both regional and city levels from 2007to 2020 in China.Results show that industrial land expansion presents a different trend in the four regions,the ILES in the eastern region is the largest,and the speed of industrial land expansion has declined since 2013,but it has gradually increased since 2016.The ILSI of the eastern and central regions is higher than that of the western and northeastern regions.Furthermore,a spatial Durbin model(SDM)has been established to estimate the spatial effect of industrial structure upgrading on industrial land expansion from 2007 to2020.Notably,industrial structure upgrading has not slowed industrial land expansion.The eastern and western regions require a greater amount of industrial land while upgrading the industrial structure.The improvement of the infrastructure level and international trade level has promoted industrial land expansion.

The effects of population aging on industrial structure upgrading:Empirical analysis of provincial and threshold characteristics in China

Global population aging trends are intensifying,presenting multifaceted economic and social challenges for countries worldwide.As the world’s largest developing country,China has entered a phase of extreme demographic aging,posing significant questions about its impact on the ongoing upgrading of industrial structures.How does this demographic shift influence the upgrading of industrial structures,and does technological innovation mitigate or exacerbate this impact?The empirical results indicate that population aging impedes upgrading the industrial structure,while technological innovation positively affects the relationship between the two.Moreover,using technological innovation as a threshold variable,the impact of population aging on industrial structure upgrading evolves in a“gradient”manner from“impediment”to“insignificant”to“promotion”as the technological innovation levels increase.These findings offer practical guidance for tailoring industrial policies to different stages of technological advancement.

Adjustment of Administrative Divisions and Upgrading of Industrial Structure in Hefei Metropolitan Area:Taking"Partitions of Chaohu"as a Quasi-natural Experiment

Administrative regions are an important environment for the operation of China's market economy.The relevant economic subjects cannot predict the policy of adjustment of administrative divisions and carry out conscious migration behavior,adjustment of administrative divisions can be regarded as a quasi-natural experiment.The three cities of Hefei,Wuhu,and Ma'anshan,which are directly related to the adjustment of the administrative division of Chaohu,are taken as the treatment group,and the seven adjacent cities of Lu'an,Huainan,Chuzhou,Bengbu,Anqing,Chizhou,and Tongling are taken as the control group.Differences-in-Differences method and relevant control variables affecting the upgrading of industrial structure are used to test.The test results show that"Partitions of Chaohu"has a significant industrial structure upgrading effect by promoting the optimization of spatial layout,the cross-regional flow of production factors and the effective management of Chaohu Lake Basin.At the same time,the increase of total retail sales of consumer goods,urban fixed assets investment,public utility expenses in science,education,culture and health,and population plays a significant positive role in promoting the upgrading of industrial structure,while foreign direct investment plays a certain inhibition role in the upgrading of industrial structure.In order to meet the ever-developing space demands and enhance the impact on surrounding areas,the Hefei metropolitan area should be driven by technological innovation,strengthen the integration of industrial chains,improve the business environment and transportation network,and continuously promote the upgrading of industrial structure and the formation and development of new productive forces.

Impact of Digital Economy Development on Industrial Structure Upgrading-An Empirical Analysis Based on PVAR Model

Based on the panel data of 248 prefecture-level cities in China from 2011-2021,a PVAR model is constructed to empirically compare and analyze the impact of national and regional digital economy development on industrial structure upgrading.The results show that:from the national level,the development of the digital economy can significantly promote the upgrading of industrial structure,the degree of influence rises and then decreases,and lasts longer;the upgrading of industrial structure also affects the development of the digital economy,and the influence changes from negative to positive;there is a long-term,continuous,and significant dynamic effect between the digital economy and the transformation and upgrading of industrial structure,and the two affect each other.From the perspective of each region,the impact of digital economy development on industrial structure upgrading is somewhat different.The industrial structure in the western region is the most sensitive to the digital economy changes,followed by the eastern region and the weakest in the central region.However,the industrial structure upgrading in all regions is significantly and positively influenced by the development of the digital economy.

Spatial effect of environmental regulation measures on industrial structure upgrading from the empirical analysis of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region and its surrounding areas

This paper investigates the spatial effect of environmental regulation measures on the upgrading of industrial structure in the integrated development strategy of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region and its surrounding areas.In order to reflect the effect of the environmental regulation and different regulation measures more truly,this paper constructs indices of the environmental regulation measures through the results of policy texts quantification.On the basis of the previous research,this paper divides environmental regulation into the following types:personnel and administrative measures of command and control;market-oriented fiscal,taxation,financial and other economic measures;guidance measures.Spatial panel regression results show that administrative measures of command control and market-oriented fiscal measures have a significant role in promoting regional industrial structure upgrading,but not conducive to the advancement of the industrial structure of adjacent areas.Their roles in promoting and inhibition are counteracted,which causes the total effect of industrial structure upgrading of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and the surrounding areas are not significant.Personnel measures,financial measures,other economic measures and guidance measures do not have the short-term effect and spatial effect on the upgrading of industrial structure.

A Historical Overview of China's Upgrading of Its Industrial Structure

This paper investigates the history of upgrade of industrial structure in human society from a combined perspective of economic and philosophical history encompassing primitive society,ancient society and recent and modern society.As far as recent and modern society is concerned,this paper divides the upgrade into two basic aspects:the shifting dominant position of primary,secondary and tertiary industries,and that of laborintensive,capital-intensive and knowledge-intensive industries.Moreover,this paper has examined the history of upgrade of industrial structure in China since 1949 and identified that the upgrade of China's industrial structure demonstrates not only the characteristics of middle and late stages of industrialization but characteristics of modernization as well.According to the general pattern of upgrade of industrial structure in recent and modern society and China's reality,great efforts must be made to improve China's indigenous innovation capacity,expedite agriculture modernization,increase competitiveness and qualitative development of manufacturing sector,and vigorously promote service sector(especially producers services),environmental protection industry,culture industry and maritime industry.

Research on the Impact of Industrial Agglomeration and Structural Upgrade on County Economic Growth under the New Normal Condition-Based on the Empirical Study of 101 County Counties in Jiangsu and Zhejiang Provinces

In this paper, the method of generalized moments of data and systems for 101 counties in Jiangsu and Zhejiang Provinces is used to analyze the impact of industrial agglomeration and industrial structure upgrading on county economic growth. The real diagnosis result indicated that, the industry gathers with the industrial structure promotes has the forward function to the county territory economic growth rate, in the sample time that had not discovered the industry gathers to the economical growth existence non-linearity in？ uence. On the other hand, the industrial structure promotes to the county territory economy long-term growth power is stronger, later period should break through the present stage in the manufacturing industry mature county territory through the industrial structure promotion strategy the industry to glide down.

An Empirical Study of the Relationship among Population Mobility Industrial Structure Upgrading, and Economic Growth-Based on the SPVAR Model

Based on the inter-provincial panel data for 31 provinces in China from 2000 to 2019,and incorporating geospatial factors,a spatial panel vector autoregressive(SPVAR)model consisting of population mobility,industrial structure upgrading,and economic growth is constructed.The space-time impulse response function is used to analyze the space-time conduction of exogenous variables on the impact of three endogenous variables.The study found that first,the population influx barely benefited the industrial structure upgrading and economic growth.Second,the upgrading of the industrial structure would aggravate the population mobility in the province,causing low-level laborers to leave the province in shortterm,but in long-term,there would be influx of talents.Third,the economic growth in developed regions plays a significant role in promoting the industrial development of their province and population-rich provinces,but it has less impact on provinces with high-level industrial structure.Finally,policy recommendations are provided in regard to the benign interaction among population mobility,industrial structure upgrading,and economic growth in addition to clarifying the idea of economic development,implementing correct population policies,and promoting the coordinated regional development.

Mechanism of realizing industrial structure upgrading through technology-driven regional innovation capacity

Based on the analysis of the formation process of regional innovation capacity, this paper expatiates that the technology is the basis for industrial structure upgrading, while technological innovation is the power of regional innovation capacity. It points out that the essential of regional industrial structure upgrading is the transition of regional technology structure from one balance to another. The mechanism of realizing industrial structure upgrading through technology-driven regional innovation capacity is also discussed briefly.

Financial Capital Deepening, Technological Progress and Industrial Structure Upgrading

A necessary condition for realizing macroeconomics is to rationally upgrade the industrial structure.In this process of upgrading,financial capital deepening and technological progress are important ways to promote the upgrading of industrial structure.From an endogenous perspective,this essay explores the internal links between financial capital deepening,technological progress,and industrial structure upgrading.The analysis shows that factors of technological progress have not make a tremendous impact on the upgrading of Chinese industrial structure,nor are they a positive reason for promoting the development of the industry to a higher level.The deepening of financial capital obviously promotes the optimization and upgrading of industrial institutions,which is its main factor.

The Impact of the Upgrading of Industrial Structure in the Yangtze River Delta on the Urban-Rural Income Gap

Firstly,this paper conducts theoretical analysis and current situation analysis,and then proposes research hypotheses.Secondly,using spatial Dubin model and partial differential method,it empirically studies the impact of industrial structure advancement and rationalization on the urban-rural income gap.The results show that:(1)Both industrial structure and urban-rural income gap have significant spatial dependence;(2)The increase in the industrial structure rationalization will narrow the urban-rural income gap in local region,while its spillover effect on neighboring areas is not obvious.(3)The impact of the industrial structure advancement on the urban-rural income gap is not linear.It is first expanded and then narrowed.The industrial structure advancement in the Yangtze River Delta will generally narrow the urban-rural income gap at this stage.Finally,this paper put forward relevant suggestions.

FDI＇s Sustainability and the Sustainable Development of the Yangtze River Delta

The fast development of the Yangtze River Delta of China is closely related to the dense inflows of FDI. The clustering of the foreign capital in this region has brought new projects, technology and business skills, which have given a strong impetus to the fast development of the regional economy and the upgrading of the economic structure. But the sustainability of FDI and its long-term influence have drawn a lot of attention. It is also a problem whether the slow-down of the FDI inflows or its flight will bring negative effect on the sustainable economic development of the Yangtze River Delta. In this paper, we will prove that the inflows of FDI are stable to some degree. It is unlikely that there will be a drastic large-scale FDI flight, so the so-called ＂migratory bird economy＂ will not occur. But the sustainable economic development in the Yangtze River Delta will depend on the continuity of the policies to attract FDI. What should be done includes the policy to promote the accumulation and circulation of the international capital to promote the sustainable development of the regional economy and market.

Research on the Impact of Chinese Digital Inclusive Finance on Industrial Structure Upgrade—Based on Spatial Dubin Model

Based on the panel data of 30 provinces, municipalities, and autonomous regions in China from 2011 to 2018, this paper uses the digital inclusive financial index and industrial structure upgrading coefficient of the Internet Research Center of Peking University as the core explanatory and explained variables to construct a spatial panel. Bin model performs regression analysis on the effect of digital inclusive finance in the upgrading of industrial structure. The results prove that the development of digital inclusive finance in this province and city has significantly promoted the upgrading of the regional industrial structure, and it has a positive overall effect on the upgrading of industrial structure.

The Influence of the Urban-Rural Income Disparity on the Industrial Structure—Taking the Yangtze River Delta Region as an Example

In this paper, the effect of the mediation effect is mainly used to test and analyze the regression model, and most scholars have studied the impact of the modernization of the industrial structure on the income gap. However, this paper is from another perspective, based on the social background of high-quality development, the main study is the impact mechanism of urban and rural income gap on the industrial structure, taking the Yangtze River Delta as the main research object, and specifically selecting 22 central cities in the Yangtze River Delta region, which is also one of the highlights of this study. The regression model is constructed by using the intermediary effect, and the four intermediary variables of fiscal expenditure (M1), fixed asset investment (M2), number of patent applications (M3), and total import and export (M4) are selected, which represent the role of the government, fixed asset investment, scientific and technological level and opening-up level, and study and analyze the inherent influence mechanism between each variable. Before doing specific research, I consulted the papers and literature of many other outstanding scholars, among which Cheng Yuhong and Cheng Chi’s “The Influence Mechanism of industrial structure of urban and rural income gap” [1] has great reference value for this paper. According to the research results, under the background of high-quality development in the Yangtze River Delta region, the expansion of the income gap between urban and rural areas will inhibit the upgrading of the industrial structure, so it is necessary to focus on building a new type of urbanization, accelerating the construction of an urban innovation system, optimizing the rural employment structure to narrow the income gap between urban and rural areas, and providing impetus for the continuous upgrading of the industrial structure.

Empirical Analysis of Economic Growth in Sichuan Province

For a long time, the factors influencing a regional economic growth are mainly workforce, capital and scientific and technological progress. But with the further promotion of China＇s reform and opening-up and intensification of the further improvement degree, the main factors influencing a regional economic growth constantly change. This paper utilizes the relevant data of Sichuan to set up the econometric model and quantitatively studies the factors influencing economic growth of Sichuan. Through comparing the greatness that each factor influences the economic growth of Sichuan, the paper takes system changes as leading factor to influence the economic growth during 1984-2003 of Sichuan. At the same time, the upgrading of industrial structure will be a core of economic growth in the future, and the scientific and technological progress is the potential force of economic growth.

Internal structural changes in China-Arab League relations:characteristics,motivations and influences

It is a common phenomenon in international relations that the interaction between international actors leads to structural changes,which are often manifested as a positive friendly relationship or an escalation of contradictions or even conflicts among actors.Taking the relations between China and the Arab League as an example,this paper investigates the characteristics and influences of building friendly relations between the two sides.China-Arab relations are undergoing structural changes in the new era,generally reflected as follows:China and Arab countries enhance each other’s position in their overall diplomacy;there is a strategic docking between‘Looking East’of the Arab League and China’s‘Belt and Road Initiative’;China has become the second largest trading partner of the Arab League;ChinaArab cooperation has expanded in new frontiers such as high technology;the multilateral cooperation mechanism between China and Arab countries has been increasingly improved,and the strategic positioning of both sides has been constantly promoted.There are both internal and external driving forces to promote the structural upgrading of China-Arab relations.The former includes the economic interdependence between China and the Arab League,the changes in the policy orientation and priorities of the two sides,and the domestic political changes of Arab League countries,while the latter involves the changes in the surrounding situation of both sides,the changes in the international situation and the strategic contraction of the United States from the Middle East.The structural upgrading of China-Arab relations is conducive to the multi-polar development of the Middle East.Nevertheless,the two sides need to take precautions to cope with the changes in power,interests and identity brought about by this structural upgrading.

Scientific and Technological Innovation,Industrial Structure Upgrading,and High-Quality Economic Development

Scientific and technological(S&T)innovation and industrial structure upgrading have become two strategies to achieve high-quality economic development under the new pattern of development in China.Exploring the mechanism through which the former two affect the latter is of great significance to realize high-quality economic development and socialist modernization.Based on panel data of 30 provinces(municipalities,autonomous regions)from 2008 to 2017,this paper adopts the simultaneous equation model to empirically investigate the effect of S&T innovation and industrial structure upgrading on high-quality economic development.The study reveals that S&T innovation can significantly promote industrial structure upgrading and high-quality economic development,while industrial structure upgrading imposes a significantly negative effect on high-quality economic development.However,S&T innovation can offset such a negative effect and promote high-quality development indirectly.S&T innovation influences high-quality development in a dual path.To be specific,the former produces both a direct influence on the latter,but also an indirect influence through industrial structure upgrading.

Review and adjustment of China’s opening strategy

In the past 30 years,by targeting the use of external resources and market industrialization as the strategic goals of opening to the outside world and seizing the opportunities first provided by the cross-border transfer of labor-intensive industries in East Asia and then from the external market,China has given full play to its advantages of low manufacturing costs and has achieved remarkable success.At present,as profound changes have been ongoing in terms of China’s comparative advantage from its participation in the global division of labor,the transformation of its development model is imminent.Meanwhile,the changing international economic environment also provides China with favorable opportunities through which more advanced production factors and industries can be introduced and global resources be integrated with the enforcement of the“going out”strategy.In such a new period,China should set a target of enhancing its global production value chain and unswervingly implement the opening strategy for mutual benefit and win-win results.By striving to create a favorable external economic environment,further promoting trade and investment liberalization and boosting the upgrading of the industrial structure and export structure,China’s soft power and participation competency in global governance will be improved.

Theoretical Logic and Empirical Facts of Consumption Structure Upgrade and Domestic Value Chain Circulation under the New Development Pattern

Under the new development pattern,this paper explores the characteristic tendencies and intergenerational changes of consumption structure upgrade(CSU)as well as the theoretical logic and empirical paradigm affecting the domestic value chain circulation.This paper constructs a region-industry decomposition framework for domestic value chain circulation based on backward demand to explore the impact of CSU on domestic value chain circulation.The results show that:first,CSU can optimize the structure of domestic value chain circulation and strengthen inter-regional value chain linkage;second,CSU promotes domestic value chain circulation through innovation drive,resource optimization and industrial coupling;finally,the domestic value chain circulation effect caused by CSU may be constrained by market segmentation,and accelerating regional economic integration across a country can help build up the main position of domestic value chain.