扩展目标跟踪Student’s t逆Wishart平滑算法

脉冲干扰和离群量测信息等因素通常会导致异常的厚尾噪声,这使得以高斯假设为前提的扩展目标跟踪(ETT)估计器的性能急剧降低,针对该问题该文提出一种基于扩展目标随机矩阵模型(RMM)的Student’s t逆Wishart平滑(StIWS)算法。首先,将目标的运动状态以及过程噪声和量测噪声建模为Student’s t分布以表征异常噪声对扩展目标概率分布的影响,将目标扩展状态建模为服从逆Wishart分布的随机矩阵。然后,在Student’s t贝叶斯平滑框架下,详细推导了能在扩展目标的多重特征动态演变的过程中有效估计目标状态的StIWS算法。最后,通过扩展目标跟踪的仿真实验结果和真实场景实验结果验证了所提算法的有效性。

Frequency and associated factors of accommodation and non-strabismic binocular vision dysfunction among medical university students

AIM:To investigate the frequency and associated factors of accommodation and non-strabismic binocular vision dysfunction among medical university students.METHODS:Totally 158 student volunteers underwent routine vision examination in the optometry clinic of Guangxi Medical University.Their data were used to identify the different types of accommodation and nonstrabismic binocular vision dysfunction and to determine their frequency.Correlation analysis and logistic regression were used to examine the factors associated with these abnormalities.RESULTS:The results showed that 36.71%of the subjects had accommodation and non-strabismic binocular vision issues,with 8.86%being attributed to accommodation dysfunction and 27.85%to binocular abnormalities.Convergence insufficiency(CI)was the most common abnormality,accounting for 13.29%.Those with these abnormalities experienced higher levels of eyestrain(χ2=69.518,P<0.001).The linear correlations were observed between the difference of binocular spherical equivalent(SE)and the index of horizontal esotropia at a distance(r=0.231,P=0.004)and the asthenopia survey scale(ASS)score(r=0.346,P<0.001).Furthermore,the right eye's SE was inversely correlated with the convergence of positive and negative fusion images at close range(r=-0.321,P<0.001),the convergence of negative fusion images at close range(r=-0.294,P<0.001),the vergence facility(VF;r=-0.234,P=0.003),and the set of negative fusion images at far range(r=-0.237,P=0.003).Logistic regression analysis indicated that gender,age,and the difference in right and binocular SE did not influence the emergence of these abnormalities.CONCLUSION:Binocular vision abnormalities are more prevalent than accommodation dysfunction,with CI being the most frequent type.Greater binocular refractive disparity leads to more severe eyestrain symptoms.

Evaluating the feasibility and preliminary effects of an online compassion training program for nursing students:A pilot randomized controlled trial

Objectives:This study aimed to assess the feasibility of an online compassion training program for nursing students and preliminarily investigate its effects on mindfulness,self-compassion,and stress reduction.Methods:This study employed a randomized controlled trial design.Second-year students from a nursing college in Guangzhou,China,were recruited as research participants in August 2023.The intervention group participated in an 8-week online compassion training program via the WeChat platform,comprising three stages:mindfulness(weeks 1e2),self-compassion(weeks 3e5),and compassion for others(weeks 6 e8).Each stage included four activities:psychoeducation,mindfulness practice,weekly diary,and emotional support.Program feasibility was assessed through recruitment and retention rates,program engagement,and participant acceptability.Program effectiveness was measured with the Mindful Attention Awareness Scale,Self-Compassion Scale-Short Form,and Perceived Stress Scale.Results:A total of 28 students completed the study(13 in the intervention group,15 in the control group).The recruitment rate was 36.46%,with a high retention rate of 93.3%.Participants demonstrated high engagement:69.2%accessed learning materials every 1e2 days,93.3%practiced mindfulness at least weekly,with an average of 4.69 diary entries submitted per person and 23.30 WeChat interactions with instructors.Regarding acceptability,all participants expressed satisfaction with the program,with 92.4%finding it“very helpful”or“extremely helpful.”In terms of intervention effects,the intervention group showed a significant increase in mindfulness levels from pre-intervention(51.54±10.93)to postintervention(62.46±13.58)(P<0.05),while no significant change was observed in the control group.Although there were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in post-intervention self-compassion and perceived stress levels,the intervention group showed positive trends:selfcompassion levels increased(35.85±8.60 vs.40.85±5.54),and perceived stress levels slightly decreased(44.77±8.65 vs.42.00±5.77).Conclusions:This pilot study demonstrated the feasibility of an online compassion training program for nursing students and suggested its potential effectiveness in enhancing mindfulness,self-compassion,and stress reduction.Despite limitations such as small sample size and lack of long-term follow-up,preliminary evidence indicates promising prospects for integrating such training into nursing education.Further research is warranted to confirm thesefindings and assess the sustained impact of this approach on nursing education and practice.

An attention-based teacher-student model for multivariate short-term landslide displacement prediction incorporating weather forecast data

Predicting the displacement of landslide is of utmost practical importance as the landslide can pose serious threats to both human life and property.However,traditional methods have the limitation of random selection in sliding window selection and seldom incorporate weather forecast data for displacement prediction,while a single structural model cannot handle input sequences of different lengths at the same time.In order to solve these limitations,in this study,a new approach is proposed that utilizes weather forecast data and incorporates the maximum information coefficient(MIC),long short-term memory network(LSTM),and attention mechanism to establish a teacher-student coupling model with parallel structure for short-term landslide displacement prediction.Through MIC,a suitable input sequence length is selected for the LSTM model.To investigate the influence of rainfall on landslides during different seasons,a parallel teacher-student coupling model is developed that is able to learn sequential information from various time series of different lengths.The teacher model learns sequence information from rainfall intensity time series while incorporating reliable short-term weather forecast data from platforms such as China Meteorological Administration(CMA)and Reliable Prognosis(https://rp5.ru)to improve the model’s expression capability,and the student model learns sequence information from other time series.An attention module is then designed to integrate different sequence information to derive a context vector,representing seasonal temporal attention mode.Finally,the predicted displacement is obtained through a linear layer.The proposed method demonstrates superior prediction accuracies,surpassing those of the support vector machine(SVM),LSTM,recurrent neural network(RNN),temporal convolutional network(TCN),and LSTM-Attention models.It achieves a mean absolute error(MAE)of 0.072 mm,root mean square error(RMSE)of 0.096 mm,and pearson correlation coefficients(PCCS)of 0.85.Additionally,it exhibits enhanced prediction stability and interpretability,rendering it an indispensable tool for landslide disaster prevention and mitigation.

Comparison of vergence mechanisms between university students with good and poor sleep quality

AIM:To compare the vergence mechanisms between good and poor sleepers in university students.METHODS:A total of 64 university students were recruited in this study.The validated Malay version of Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index questionnaire(PSQI-M)was used to measure the participants’sleep quality over the past month.Participants were categorized as good sleepers(n=32)and poor sleepers(n=32)based on the PSQI-M scores.Heterophoria and fusional vergences were measured at distance and near.Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare heterophoria,negative fusional vergence(NFV),and positive fusional vergence(PFV)at distance and near between good and poor sleepers.Spearman correlation analysis was used to study the relationship between PSQI-M score and PFV at distance.RESULTS:Both distance and near heterophorias were not significantly different between good and poor sleepers(P>0.05).There was a difference in distance PFV(P<0.05)between good and poor sleepers,but not in distance NFV,near NFV,and near PFV(P>0.05).Distance PFV was negatively correlated with PSQI-M score(rs=-0.33,P<0.05).CONCLUSION:University students with poor sleep quality demonstrates a reduced ability to maintain fusion with increasing convergence demand at distance.Sleep quality assessment during binocular vision examination in university students is recommended.

Attitude and willingness on gamete donation among medical students:An experience from a state university in Sri Lanka

Objective:To assess the attitude and willingness of medical students of the Faculty of Medicine,University of Jaffna,regarding gamete donation.Methods:An institutional-based descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at the Faculty of Medicine,University of Jaffna,from September 2022 to May 2023 among undergraduate medical students who gave their voluntary participation.A self-administered questionnaire was used as a study instrument to collect data regarding their attitude and willingness toward gamete donation.Results:A total of 345 participants were recruited and their sociodemographic data revealed that 56.8%of the participants were female,62.3%aged between 26 and 30 years,and 92.2%were unmarried.Many of them received information regarding gamete donations during their clinical appointments.Over half(67.8%)of them showed a negative attitude towards gamete donation.Regarding willingness,only 39.7%of participants had a positive approach for being a gamete donor;among them,84.7%preferred anonymous donations.Religion and ethnicity had a significant influence on their attitudes and willingness.In addition,male was also found to be more willing to donate gametes.Conclusions:Most medical students have negative views about gamete donation.Imparting awareness and knowledge of assisted reproductive technology and gamete donation within medical students'sociocultural and ethical backgrounds might facilitate a change in attitude towards gamete donation amongst future medical practitioners.

A Stacking Machine Learning Model for Student Performance Prediction Based on Class Activities in E-Learning

After the spread of COVID-19,e-learning systems have become crucial tools in educational systems worldwide,spanning all levels of education.This widespread use of e-learning platforms has resulted in the accumulation of vast amounts of valuable data,making it an attractive resource for predicting student performance.In this study,we aimed to predict student performance based on the analysis of data collected from the OULAD and Deeds datasets.The stacking method was employed for modeling in this research.The proposed model utilized weak learners,including nearest neighbor,decision tree,random forest,enhanced gradient,simple Bayes,and logistic regression algorithms.After a trial-and-error process,the logistic regression algorithm was selected as the final learner for the proposed model.The results of experiments with the above algorithms are reported separately for the pass and fail classes.The findings indicate that the accuracy of the proposed model on the OULAD dataset reached 98%.Overall,the proposed method improved accuracy by 4%on the OULAD dataset.

Preparedness,knowledge,and perception of nursing students about climate change and its impact on human health in India

Higher education plays an important role in all aspects of sustainability.Infusing climate change and sustainability into the curriculum is important to prepare future health-care professionals for climate change and sustainability actions to build resilient health systems.In this study,we evaluated the preparedness,knowledge,and perception regarding climate change and its impact on human health among Indian nursing students.A quantitative descriptive survey was conducted among 644 undergraduate nursing students studying in three institutes in the southern,northern,and western parts of India.We used a structured online questionnaire with established validity and reliability to collect data.The data were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 26 software.The results showed that more than half of the students reported experiencing excessive increase(362;56.2%)and decrease(374;58.1%)in temperature in recent years.Though more than three quarters of the students(494;76.7%)accepted the general truth that climate change is mainly caused by human activities,only less than half of the students(309;48.0%)perceived the impact of climate change to be high.Three quarters of the students(483;75.0%)had a high level of knowledge regarding climate change.The students who had a high level of knowledge about climate change exerted a high perceived impact of climate change(χ^(2)=75.47;P<0.01).More than half of the students(50.9%)felt that they needed information about climate change to be included in the nursing curriculum,and only one sixth of the students(16.1%)were highly confident about engaging in climate change-related conversation with patients.Most of the students who participated in the study had basic knowledge about climate change and its impact on human health.However,there is an observed gap between knowledge and their preparedness and confidence to engage in climate change actions.Hence,we propose to strengthen the nursing curriculum by integrating various curricular and co-curricular activities related to climate change,so that future nurses are empowered to become climate change advocates.

Efficient Intelligent E-Learning Behavior-Based Analytics of Student’s Performance Using Deep Forest Model

E-learning behavior data indicates several students’activities on the e-learning platform such as the number of accesses to a set of resources and number of participants in lectures.This article proposes a new analytics systemto support academic evaluation for students via e-learning activities to overcome the challenges faced by traditional learning environments.The proposed e-learning analytics system includes a new deep forest model.It consists of multistage cascade random forests with minimal hyperparameters compared to traditional deep neural networks.The developed forest model can analyze each student’s activities during the use of an e-learning platform to give accurate expectations of the student’s performance before ending the semester and/or the final exam.Experiments have been conducted on the Open University Learning Analytics Dataset(OULAD)of 32,593 students.Our proposed deep model showed a competitive accuracy score of 98.0%compared to artificial intelligence-based models,such as ConvolutionalNeuralNetwork(CNN)and Long Short-TermMemory(LSTM)in previous studies.That allows academic advisors to support expected failed students significantly and improve their academic level at the right time.Consequently,the proposed analytics system can enhance the quality of educational services for students in an innovative e-learning framework.

Implementation of an international medical student pen-pal club:survey outcomes of perceptions in cultural competency and global health

Background:Pen-pal clubs(PPC)are used worldwide for students to learn about different cultures and other skillsets without the need for travel.Many medical students are interested in global health opportunities abroad but costs,scheduling,and other barriers allow few to participate in such experiences.It is important that medical students have nuanced global medical perspectives and can contribute to the global medical community.Objective:The purpose of this study is to demonstrate that an international medical student PPC improves medical students'perspectives of cultural competency and global health engagement.Methods:In 2021,a novel medical student PPC was established that began between an American and Japanese medical school.Following a shareholders meeting,it was decided that the number of medical schools involved globally be expanded through previous institutional affiliations and online presences.In total,the club connected 50 American medical students and 52 medical students from 17 high-and middle-income countries.The primary form of communication was online;pen-pals were encouraged to communicate monthly using provided topics,although frequency and way of communication was their discretion.In February 2022,American PPC members were emailed a qualitative survey to assess the PPC's impact.Results:The survey was completed by 42%of American PPC members,95%of which were 22-26 years.Participants were preclinical medical students,60%whom were female and the majority either white(47%)or Asian(43%).Overall,the PPC positively influenced American medical students'perception of global medicine,medical education,and their cultural competency after joining the PPC compared to prior(P=0.004).Conclusion:PPCs encourage medical students to think from a global perspective and foster open-mindedness within varying social and cultural contexts.Having a global communication platform for students during medical school education may be an additional way to train aspiring global leaders.

Examination of emotional distress,depression,and anxiety in neurodiverse students:A cross-sectional study

BACKGROUND Neurodiverse students frequently encounter distinct challenges that can adversely affect their mental well-being.This research aimed to investigate emotional distress,depression,and anxiety among neurodiverse students,examine the interrelationships among these factors,and assess the impact of participant characteristics.AIM To address the problem of lack of data pointed out in the neurodiversity research in Nigeria,this study aims to examine the emotional distress,depression,and anxiety in neurodiverse students.METHODS A cross-sectional study was carried out involving 200 neurodiverse students in Nigeria.Participants filled out self-report questionnaires that measured emotional distress(Brief Emotional Distress Scale for Youth),depression(Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale Revised),and anxiety(State-Trait Anxiety Inventory).The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics,correlation analyses,Bayesian Mann-Whitney U tests,two-way ANOVAs,and Kruskal-Wallis tests.RESULTS Anxiety was found to have the highest prevalence(mean=68.8),followed by depression(mean=34.2)and emotional distress(mean=26.3).Significant positive correlations were identified among all three mental health factors,with the strongest correlation observed between depression and anxiety(rho=0.492,P<0.001).Moderate evidence indicated gender differences in emotional distress(BF10=2.448).The interaction between educational environment and diagnosis had a significant effect on emotional distress(F=3.106,P=0.017).Kruskal-Wallis tests indicated significant variations in anxiety levels across different educational settings(P=0.002),although post-hoc comparisons did not reveal significant differences among specific settings.CONCLUSION This research emphasizes the prevalence of mental health challenges among neurodiverse students,particularly concerning anxiety.The intricate relationships among emotional distress,depression,and anxiety highlight the necessity for thorough mental health support.The impact of educational settings and diagnoses on mental health outcomes stresses the importance of customized interventions.These findings are significant for educators,mental health professionals,and policymakers in formulating targeted support strategies for neurodiverse students.

Large multimodal models assist in psychiatry disorders prevention and diagnosis of students

Students are considered one of the groups most affected by psychological pro-blems.Given the highly dangerous nature of mental illnesses and the increasing-ly serious state of global mental health,it is imperative for us to explore new me-thods and approaches concerning the prevention and treatment of mental illne-sses.Large multimodal models(LMMs),as the most advanced artificial intelligen-ce models(i.e.ChatGPT-4),have brought new hope to the accurate prevention,diagnosis,and treatment of psychiatric disorders.The assistance of these models in the promotion of mental health is critical,as the latter necessitates a strong foundation of medical knowledge and professional skills,emotional support,stigma mitigation,the encouragement of more honest patient self-disclosure,reduced health care costs,improved medical efficiency,and greater mental health service coverage.However,these models must address challenges related to health,safety,hallucinations,and ethics simultaneously.In the future,we should address these challenges by developing relevant usage manuals,accountability rules,and legal regulations;implementing a human-centered approach;and intelligently upgrading LMMs through the deep optimization of such models,their algorithms,and other means.This effort will thus substantially contribute not only to the maintenance of students’health but also to the achievement of global sustainable development goals.

Using ChatGPT to promote college students’participation in physical activities and its effect on mental health

As one of the most famous large language models,ChatGPT has great potential for application in physical education.It can provide personalized exercise plans,a variety of exercise options,and interactive support.The integration of ChatGPT into the teaching process can promote college students’participation in physical activities and improve their mental health while expanding the traditional teaching environment and promoting the reform of traditional teaching methods.However,the application of ChatGPT faces challenges and obstacles in physical education.To make full use of ChatGPT in physical education,it can be combined with wearable devices and sports equipment to enhance the efficiency of interactions with users.Relevant policies are urgently needed to avoid the improper use of users’data.

Promoting International Students’Mental Health Unmet Needs:An Integrative Review

Background:There are increasing concerns about the mental health needs of international students.Previous studies report that international students experience additional challenges and higher levels of stress compared to domestic students.This integrative review aimed to identify perceived stressors,coping strategies and factors that contributed to accessing mental health services of international students.Methods:A systematic search was performed between January 2010 and December 2023 using PubMed,CINAHL,ProQuest,the Cochrane Library,Scopus and PsycINFO databases.A manual search was also performed that included reference lists of included articles;data was extracted and reviewed by three reviewers.A total of 21 studies were included in this review with a total of 4442 international students recruited,with ages between 17 to 43 years.Nineteen studies reported international students’gender,there were more females(n=2205)than males(n=1022).Ethnicity was reported in 18 studies.They included Asia,Europe,Latin America,North America,South America,Africa,the Middle East and Pacific Islands.This review adopted Whittemore and Knafl’s five-stage approach,with specific steps for problem identification,literature search,data evaluation,data analysis,and presentation.Results:The Health Belief Model was used to explain relationships among independent and dependent variables and guide the findings of this review.Three identified progressive themes emerged including Theme 1:understanding cultural variations with perceived stress;Theme 2:coping strategies in dealing with stress and challenges in the new environment;and Theme 3:perceived threats and stress affecting how international students perceived barriers and benefits to access counselling support services and mental health services.This integrative review presents an overview of mental health needs and factors contributing to the mental health and well-being of international students via the inclusion of studies with different designs,providing an in-depth understanding of the study phenomenon.The findings of this review may help university health providers,mental health professionals,academic institutions and policymakers better understand the multifaceted needs of international students.Conclusion:This review demonstrates the importance of increased cross-cultural interactions between international students and domestic student counterparts to enhance belongingness and connection to host countries.This may facilitate adaptation to new living and learning environments.It is crucial academic institutions offer programs that can be effectively implemented and sustained to meet the unmet mental health needs of international students.University orientation programs,student counselling and health services may integrate cultural events,social support groups,leadership programs and resilience models of acculturation to promote mental health and well-being among international students.While these studies show promising results,there is a need for further robust evaluative studies to develop culturally sensitive mental health promotion programs for international students.

The Effect of Procrastination on Physical Exercise among College Students—The Chain Effect of Exercise Commitment and Action Control

Background:Exercise procrastination is prevalent among college students,causing decline in physical fitness.It is imperative to investigate the mechanism affecting college students’physical activity behaviors.This study was aimed at investigating the effect of procrastination on college students’physical exercise behavior,and the chain mediation effects of exercise commitment and action control(AC),to provide a theoretical basis for interventions targeting physical exercise behavior among college students.Methods:A questionnaire survey was conducted using convenience sampling.The General Procrastination Scale,Exercise Commitment Scale,Action Control Scale,and Physical Activity Rating Scale-3 questionnaires were used.Participants were 581 college students(age 19.27±0.94 years;243 males and 338 females).Statistical methods of regression analysis and structural equation modeling(SEM)were applied.Results:Procrastination,exercise commitment,and action control were found to be significant predictors of physical exercise behavior.Among these predictors,exercise commitment and action control showed full mediation effects in the relationship between procrastination and physical exercise behavior,and explained 25.48%and 30.77%of the total variance,respectively.The chain mediation effect of exercise commitment-action control was significant,accounting for 22.60%of the total variance,and the total indirect effect was 79.33%.Conclusion:Therefore,higher procrastination was associated with less participation in physical exercise behavior among college students.Improvements in exercise commitment and volitional decision-making ability for physical exercise behavior promoted physical exercise behavior,and increased exercise commitment promoted volitional decision-making ability among the students.The chain reaction effect of exercise commitment and action control also buffered the negative effects of procrastination on physical exercise behavior,thereby increasing physical exercise behavior among college students.

The Risk Role of Defeat on the Mental Health of College Students:A Moderated Mediation Effect of Academic Stress and Interpersonal Relationships

Background:College students face significant academic and physiological changes,making them more susceptible to psychological issues such as depression,self-injury,and suicidal ideation.Feelings of defeat can exacerbate these risks by increasing academic stress.However,interpersonal relationships can moderate the impact of academic stress on students’mental health.Utilizing the presage–process–product model,this study aims to empirically investigate how feelings of defeat influence depression,self-injury,and suicidal ideation among college students.Additionally,it explores the mediating role of academic stress and the moderating role of various types of interpersonal relationships.Methods:A total of 1612 college students(750 females,862 males,mean age=19.64±0.62 years)were recruited through cluster sampling.Data were collected via offline questionnaires administered by a trained psychology teacher and a postgraduate student,ensuring high reliability with two examiners per class.Latent profile analysis(LPA)was used to examine the impact of defeat on mental health outcomes,while mediation analysis was conducted to assess the roles of academic stress and interpersonal relationships.Results:1.Defeat is identified as a significant risk factor for mental health issues among college students;2.Four distinct patterns of interpersonal relationships were identified:the interpersonal-relationship risk group,the father–child-relationship high-risk group,the general interpersonal-relationship group,and the superior interpersonal-relationship group;3.Academic stress partially mediates the relationship between defeat and mental health issues such as depression,self-injury,and suicidal ideation;4.Different interpersonal relationship models moderate the impact of academic stress on depression and suicidal ideation.Conclusion:Defeat is a significant risk factor for mental health problems in college students.Academic stress partially mediates the negative impact of defeat on mental health,while patterns of interpersonal relationships moderate this impact.Effective early prevention and intervention should focus on monitoring students’stress levels and fostering warm,positive parent–child relationships.

Relationship between physical activity and specific working memory indicators of depressive symptoms in university students

BACKGROUND The detection rate of depression among university students has been increasing in recent years,becoming one of the main psychological diseases that endangers their physical and mental health.According to statistics,self-harm and suicide,for which there is no effective intervention,are the second leading causes of death.AIM To explore the relationship between different elements and levels of physical activity and college students’depression-symptom-specific working memory indicators.METHODS Of 143 college students were analyzed using the Beck Depression Self-Rating Scale,the Physical Activity Rating Scale,and the Working Memory Task.RESULTS There was a significant difference between college students with depressive symptoms and healthy college students in completing verbal and spatial working memory(SWM)tasks correctly(all P<0.01).Physical Activity Scale-3 scores were significantly and positively correlated with the correct rate of the verbal working memory task(r=0.166)and the correct rate of the SWM task(r=0.210)(all P<0.05).There were significant differences in the correct rates of verbal and SWM tasks according to different exercise intensities(all P<0.05)and different exercise durations(all P<0.05),and no significant differences in the correct rates of verbal and SWM tasks by exercise frequency(all P>0.05).CONCLUSION An increase in physical exercise among college students,particularly medium-and high-intensity exercise and exercise of 30 min or more,can improve the correct rate of completing working memory tasks.

Analysis on the Way of Integrating Educational Drama into Patriotism Education for Primary School Students

In the process of patriotism education for primary school students,educational drama can play a very important role.However,the premise is that educational drama should be successfully integrated into the process of patriotism education of primary school students,instead of simply and mechanically stuffing educational drama into patriotism education of primary school students.As far as the integration mode of educational drama is concerned,educational drama can be divided into three kinds,namely,discipline-oriented drama education,infiltration-oriented drama education and activity-oriented drama.Therefore,the integration methods are also divided into three categories,namely,setting up educational drama courses,using educational drama to infiltrate patriotic education into other disciplines and carrying out activity-oriented drama education.

Linking Perceived Risk of Public Health Emergency to Psychological Distress among Chinese College Students: The Chain Mediation Role of Balanced Time Perspective and Negative Coping Styles

Background:With public health emergencies(PHE)worldwide increasing,the perceived risk of PHE has been one of the critical factors influencing college students’psychological distress.However,the mechanisms by which the perceived risk of PHE affects college students’psychological distress are not clear.The study’s purpose was to investigate the mediation roles of deviation from a balanced time perspective(DBTP)and negative coping styles between the perceived risk of PHE and psychological distress.Methods:A convenience sampling method was used to survey 1054 Chinese college students with self-reporting.Data was collected using the Public Risk Perception Scale(PRPS),the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory(ZTPI),the Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire(SCSQ),the PHE Anxiety Scale,and the Chinese version of the Patient Health Questionnaire(PHQ).The associations between the perceived risk of PHE,DBTP,negative coping styles,and psychological distress were clarified using the correlation analysis.Additionally,the mediating roles of DBTP and negative coping styles between the perceived risk of PHE and psychological distress were investigated using a structural equation model.Results:The findings revealed low to moderate correlations between the variables studied.Students’perceived risk of PHE was a positive predictor of their psychological distress(b=0.219,p<0.01).DBTP and negative coping styles played chain mediation roles between them with the effect being 0.009 and a 95%Boot CI of[0.003,0.023].This chain mediation model had an excellent fit index(χ^(2)/df=4.732,CFI=0.973,TLI=0.930,RMSEA=0.048,SRMR=0.047).Conclusion:These findings showed how the perceived risk of PHE affected college students’psychological distress.Specifically,these results suggested that improving students’mental ability to switch effectively among different time perspectives depending on task features and situational considerations and reducing their negative coping styles might be effective ways to promote their mental health.

Association of spiritual well-being with quality of life among undergraduate nursing students

Objective:The study was conducted with the aim of determining the spiritual well-being(SWB)of nursing students and its association with quality of life(QOL).Materials and Methods:A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted with a sample size of 504 nursing students collected from January 2023 to March 2023 in the nursing institutes of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa,Pakistan,using convenient sampling techniques.A Spiritual Health and Life-Orientation Measure(SHALOM)questionnaire for SWB and K-27 QOL(K-27 QOL)instrument were used for data collection that contains three parts.Results:The number of female participants was in the majority(50.4%)compared to male nurses(49.6%).The overall mean score of SWB of the students was 3.79±0.48,while the mean K-27 QOL score was 3.73±0.57.There were significant differences between the groups of gender(P=0.001),while no significant difference within the groups of semester(P=0.061)and college status(0.285).In QOL,there were significant differences within the groups of semester(P=0.000)and college status(P=0.036)while no significant difference in gender category(P=0.480).SHALOM score is positively and moderately correlated with QOL score(r=0.597,P<0.05).Conclusion:Spiritual practices are one of the important factors that are associated positively with QOL,therefore to enhance the QOL,it will require spiritual practices.