The COVID-19 pandemic has had a profound influence on education around the world, with schools and institutions shifting to remote learning to safeguard the safety of students and faculty. Concerns have been expressed...The COVID-19 pandemic has had a profound influence on education around the world, with schools and institutions shifting to remote learning to safeguard the safety of students and faculty. Concerns have been expressed about the impact of virtual learning on student performance and grades. The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of remote learning on student performance and grades, as well as to investigate the obstacles and benefits of this new educational paradigm. The study will examine current literature on the subject, analyze data from surveys and interviews with students and educators, and investigate potential solutions to improve student performance and participation in virtual classrooms. The study’s findings will provide insights into the effectiveness of remote learning and inform ideas to improve student learning and achievement in an educational virtual world. The purpose of this article is to investigate the influence of remote learning on both students and educational institutions. The project will examine existing literature on the subject and collect data from students, instructors, and administrators through questionnaires and interviews. The paper will look at the challenges and opportunities that remote learning presents, such as the effect on student involvement, motivation, and academic achievement, as well as changes in teaching styles and technology. The outcomes of this study will provide insights into the effectiveness of remote learning and will affect future decisions about the usage of virtual learning environments in education. The research will also investigate potential solutions to improve the quality of remote education and handle any issues that occur.展开更多
Virtual learning environment(VLE)MOOC provides large-scale data of resources,activities,and interactions within a course structure for predicting student performance.But it is challenging to extract and learn efficien...Virtual learning environment(VLE)MOOC provides large-scale data of resources,activities,and interactions within a course structure for predicting student performance.But it is challenging to extract and learn efficient features from student behaviors.In this paper,a three-layer ensemble learning framework for predicting student performance of online courses(TELF-PSPOC)at an early phase is proposed to analyze data collected from Open University Learning Analytics Dataset(OULAD).First,feature augmentation of student behavior is proposed to enrich current features of student performance,including pass rate and grades of all staged tests,daily clicks of online resources.Second,three-layer ensemble feature learning with heterogeneous classifiers(TEFL-HC)is proposed to benefit the integration of tree model and neural network.Compared with current two-layer ensemble learning,pretraining of features prevents overfitting while using nonlinear regression.The experiment shows that our TELF-PSPOC performs better than several baseline models.Besides,the relationship of the learning results and student behavior via VLE is further discovered.展开更多
With the popularity of English, more and more attention has been paid to students’ Englishlearning. In order to understand student learning and make accurate predictions about studentperformance, this paper analyzed ...With the popularity of English, more and more attention has been paid to students’ Englishlearning. In order to understand student learning and make accurate predictions about studentperformance, this paper analyzed student performance under English teaching by using adecision tree algorithm, i.e. the C4.5 algorithm. The calculation process of the algorithm was simplifiedby the Taylor series, and an example was analyzed. The results showed that the runningtime of the improved C4.5 algorithm was improved by 22.86% compared with the C4.5 algorithm,the precision rate was above 75%, the recall rate was above 85%, and the F1-measure value wasabove 80%. The experimental results verified the effectiveness of the improved C4.5 method instudying student achievement. This work is beneficial to the further optimization of decision treealgorithms and provides some reference for the application of intelligent algorithms in the fieldof education.展开更多
Supportive learning plays a substantial role in providing a quality edu-cation system.The evaluation of students’performance impacts their deeper insight into the subject knowledge.Specifically,it is essential to mai...Supportive learning plays a substantial role in providing a quality edu-cation system.The evaluation of students’performance impacts their deeper insight into the subject knowledge.Specifically,it is essential to maintain the baseline foundation for building a broader understanding of their careers.This research concentrates on establishing the students’knowledge relationship even in reduced samples.Here,Synthetic Minority Oversampling TEchnique(SMOTE)technique is used for pre-processing the missing value in the provided input dataset to enhance the prediction accuracy.When the initial processing is not done substantially,it leads to misleading prediction accuracy.This research concentrates on modelling an efficient classifier model to predict students’perfor-mance.Generally,the online available student dataset comprises a lesser amount of sample,and k-fold cross-validation is performed to balance the dataset.Then,the relationship among the students’performance(features)is measured using the auto-encoder.The stacked Long Short Term Memory(s-LSTM)is used to learn the previous feedback connection.The stacked model handles the provided data and the data sequence for understanding the long-term dependencies.The simula-tion is done in the MATLAB 2020a environment,and the proposed model shows a better trade-off than the existing approaches.Some evaluation metrics like pre-diction accuracy,sensitivity,specificity,AUROC,F1-score and recall are evalu-ated using the proposed model.The performance of the s?LSTM model is compared with existing approaches.The proposed model gives 89% accuracy,83% precision,86%recall,and 87%F-score.The proposed model outperforms the existing systems in terms of the earlier metrics.展开更多
Students’grades not only serve as an effective indicator of their learning achievements but also to some extent reflect the completion of teaching tasks by the instructors.Currently,many universities across the count...Students’grades not only serve as an effective indicator of their learning achievements but also to some extent reflect the completion of teaching tasks by the instructors.Currently,many universities across the country have collected and recorded various information about students and teachers in the school’s information management system,but it is only a simple storage record and has not effectively excavated hidden information,and data have not been fully utilized.Student performance information,enrolment information,course information,teaching plans,and teacher-related information are currently stored in separate databases,which are independent of each other,making it difficult to perform effective data analysis.Data warehousing technology can integrate various information and use data analysis software to excavate more high-value information,which is convenient for teaching evaluation and optimizing teaching strategies.Based on data warehousing technology,the article uses the hierarchical concept of data warehousing to construct the ODS layer,DWD layer,DWS layer and ETL layer.Facing the data warehousing topic,the article designs the data warehousing conceptual model,logical model,and physical model based on student performance,providing a model basis for later data mining.展开更多
Educational Data Mining(EDM)is an emergent discipline that concen-trates on the design of self-learning and adaptive approaches.Higher education institutions have started to utilize analytical tools to improve student...Educational Data Mining(EDM)is an emergent discipline that concen-trates on the design of self-learning and adaptive approaches.Higher education institutions have started to utilize analytical tools to improve students’grades and retention.Prediction of students’performance is a difficult process owing to the massive quantity of educational data.Therefore,Artificial Intelligence(AI)techniques can be used for educational data mining in a big data environ-ment.At the same time,in EDM,the feature selection process becomes necessary in creation of feature subsets.Since the feature selection performance affects the predictive performance of any model,it is important to elaborately investigate the outcome of students’performance model related to the feature selection techni-ques.With this motivation,this paper presents a new Metaheuristic Optimiza-tion-based Feature Subset Selection with an Optimal Deep Learning model(MOFSS-ODL)for predicting students’performance.In addition,the proposed model uses an isolation forest-based outlier detection approach to eliminate the existence of outliers.Besides,the Chaotic Monarch Butterfly Optimization Algo-rithm(CBOA)is used for the selection of highly related features with low com-plexity and high performance.Then,a sailfish optimizer with stacked sparse autoencoder(SFO-SSAE)approach is utilized for the classification of educational data.The MOFSS-ODL model is tested against a benchmark student’s perfor-mance data set from the UCI repository.A wide-ranging simulation analysis por-trayed the improved predictive performance of the MOFSS-ODL technique over recent approaches in terms of different measures.Compared to other methods,experimental results prove that the proposed(MOFSS-ODL)classification model does a great job of predicting students’academic progress,with an accuracy of 96.49%.展开更多
We present PerformanceVis,a visual analytics tool for analyzing student admission and course performance data and investigating homework and exam question design.Targeting a university-wide introductory chemistry cour...We present PerformanceVis,a visual analytics tool for analyzing student admission and course performance data and investigating homework and exam question design.Targeting a university-wide introductory chemistry course with nearly 1000 student enrollment,we consider the requirements and needs of students,instructors,and administrators in the design of PerformanceVis.We study the correlation between question items from assignments and exams,employ machine learning techniques for student grade prediction,and develop an interface for interactive exploration of student course performance data.PerformanceVis includes four main views(overall exam grade pathway,detailed exam grade pathway,detailed exam item analysis,and overall exam&homework analysis)which are dynamically linked together for user interaction and exploration.We demonstrate the effectiveness of PerformanceVis through case studies along with an ad-hoc expert evaluation.Finally,we conclude this work by pointing out future work in this direction of learning analytics research.展开更多
In higher education,the initial studying period of each course plays a crucial role for students,and seriously influences the subsequent learning activities.However,given the large size of a course’s students at univ...In higher education,the initial studying period of each course plays a crucial role for students,and seriously influences the subsequent learning activities.However,given the large size of a course’s students at universities,it has become impossible for teachers to keep track of the performance of individual students.In this circumstance,an academic early warning system is desirable,which automatically detects students with difficulties in learning(i.e.,at-risk students)prior to a course starting.However,previous studies are not well suited to this purpose for two reasons:1)they have mainly concentrated on e-learning platforms,e.g.,massive open online courses(MOOCs),and relied on the data about students’online activities,which is hardly accessed in traditional teaching scenarios;and 2)they have only made performance prediction when a course is in progress or even close to the end.In this paper,for traditional classroom-teaching scenarios,we investigate the task of pre-course student performance prediction,which refers to detecting at-risk students for each course before its commencement.To better represent a student sample and utilize the correlations among courses,we cast the problem as a multi-instance multi-label(MIML)problem.Besides,given the problem of data scarcity,we propose a novel multi-task learning method,i.e.,MIML-Circle,to predict the performance of students from different specialties in a unified framework.Extensive experiments are conducted on five real-world datasets,and the results demonstrate the superiority of our approach over the state-of-the-art methods.展开更多
The main aim of an educational institute is to offer high-quality education to students. The system to achieve better quality in the educational system is to find the knowledge from educational data and to discover th...The main aim of an educational institute is to offer high-quality education to students. The system to achieve better quality in the educational system is to find the knowledge from educational data and to discover the attributes that manipulate the performance of students. Student performance prediction is a major issue in education and training, specifically in the educational data mining system. This research presents the student performance prediction approach with the MapReduce framework based on the proposed fractional competitive multi-verse optimization-based deep neuro-fuzzy network. The proposed fractional competitive multi-verse optimization-based deep neuro-fuzzy network is derived by integrating fractional calculus with competitive multi-verse optimization. The MapReduce framework is designed with the mapper and the reducer phase to perform the student performance prediction mechanism with the deep learning classifier. The input data is partitioned at the mapper phase to perform the data transformation process, and thereby the features are selected using the distance measure. The selected unique features are employed for the data segmentation process, and thereafter the prediction strategy is accomplished at the reducer phase by the deep neuro-fuzzy network classifier. The proposed method obtained the performance in terms of mean square error, root mean square error and mean absolute error with the values of 0.338 3, 0.581 7, and 0.391 5, respectively.展开更多
Analyzing and predicting the learning behavior data of students in blended teaching can provide reference basis for teaching.Aiming at weak generalization ability of existing algorithm models in performance prediction...Analyzing and predicting the learning behavior data of students in blended teaching can provide reference basis for teaching.Aiming at weak generalization ability of existing algorithm models in performance prediction,a BP neural network is introduced to classify and predict the grades of students in the blended teaching.L2 regularization term is added to construct the BP neural network model in order to reduce the risk of overfitting.Combined with Pearson coefficient,effective feature data are selected as the validation dataset of the model by mining the data of Chao-Xing platform.The performance of common machine learning algorithms and the BP neural network are compared on the dataset.Experiments show that BP neural network model has stronger generalizability than common machine learning models.The BP neural network with L2 regularization has better fitting ability than the original BP neural network model.It achieves better performance with improved accuracy.展开更多
The introduced policy of“synchronized enrollment of public and private schools”has once again triggered the debate on the effectiveness of public and private schools.Based on the data of the Program for Internationa...The introduced policy of“synchronized enrollment of public and private schools”has once again triggered the debate on the effectiveness of public and private schools.Based on the data of the Program for International Student Assessment(PISA)2018 from four Chinese provinces and municipalities,this paper explores whether private schools gain a relative advantage in student academic performance through student“screening”or academic“meritocracy,”through a hierarchical linear model(HLM)and an empirical test of the propensity score matching(PSM).It has been found that the academic performance of students in private schools is significantly better than that in public schools.But with background,metacognitive ability,and learning hours of students in private schools controlled for,such academic performance is not significantly superior,suggesting that private schools rely heavily on student“screening”to achieve a relative advantage in student academic performance.This finding has also verified the scientific nature of the above policy.展开更多
The introduction of an oral performance test for Chinese college students at Band Four is proposed. The current CET-4 test and the qualitative problems associated with it are analysed, and the possible positive backwa...The introduction of an oral performance test for Chinese college students at Band Four is proposed. The current CET-4 test and the qualitative problems associated with it are analysed, and the possible positive backwash of such an innovation is explored.展开更多
The prediction of academic performance is one of the most important tasks in educational data mining, and has been widely studied in massive open online courses (MOOCs) and intelligent tutoring systems. Academic per...The prediction of academic performance is one of the most important tasks in educational data mining, and has been widely studied in massive open online courses (MOOCs) and intelligent tutoring systems. Academic performance can be affected by factors like personality, skills, social environment, and the use of library books. However, it is still less investigated about how the use of library books can affect the academic performance of college students and even leverage book-loan history for predicting academic performance. To this end, we propose a supervised content-aware matrix factorization for mutual reinforcement of academic performance prediction and library book recommendation. This model not only addresses the sparsity challenge by explainable dimension reduction techniques, but also quantifies the importance of library books in predicting academic performance. Finally, we evaluate the proposed model on three consecutive years of book-loan history and cumulative grade point average of 13 047 undergraduate students in one university. The results show that the proposed model outperforms the competing baselines on both tasks, and that academic performance not only is predictable from the book-loan history but also improves the recommendation of library books for students.展开更多
Purpose:Academics are at the forefront of criticisms about so-called“fake news”considered to undermine evidence-based approaches to the understanding of complex social,political,and economic issues.However,universit...Purpose:Academics are at the forefront of criticisms about so-called“fake news”considered to undermine evidence-based approaches to the understanding of complex social,political,and economic issues.However,universities contribute to the production of fake news through the legitimization of measures that promote student performativity rewarding their academic nonachievements.This conceptual article will seek to illustrate how this can occur via the writing of methodology chapters by postgraduate students.Design/Approach/Methods:This article provides a critical analysis of the writing of methodology chapters in dissertations and theses in postgraduate education in the social sciences.In so doing,it applies the concept of performativity to student learning.Findings:It is argued that the pressures on students to comply with the requirements of emotional performativity in respect to ideology and method in close-up,qualitative research can lead to fake learning.This phenomenon may be exemplified by reference to a number of practices,namely,phony positionality,methodolatry,ethical cleansing,participatory posturing,and symbolic citation.Originality/Value:This article provides an illustration of the concept of student performativity.It demonstrates that emotional performativity plays a significant role in the way in which students are required to comply with expectations that give rise to inauthenticity in learning.展开更多
文摘The COVID-19 pandemic has had a profound influence on education around the world, with schools and institutions shifting to remote learning to safeguard the safety of students and faculty. Concerns have been expressed about the impact of virtual learning on student performance and grades. The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of remote learning on student performance and grades, as well as to investigate the obstacles and benefits of this new educational paradigm. The study will examine current literature on the subject, analyze data from surveys and interviews with students and educators, and investigate potential solutions to improve student performance and participation in virtual classrooms. The study’s findings will provide insights into the effectiveness of remote learning and inform ideas to improve student learning and achievement in an educational virtual world. The purpose of this article is to investigate the influence of remote learning on both students and educational institutions. The project will examine existing literature on the subject and collect data from students, instructors, and administrators through questionnaires and interviews. The paper will look at the challenges and opportunities that remote learning presents, such as the effect on student involvement, motivation, and academic achievement, as well as changes in teaching styles and technology. The outcomes of this study will provide insights into the effectiveness of remote learning and will affect future decisions about the usage of virtual learning environments in education. The research will also investigate potential solutions to improve the quality of remote education and handle any issues that occur.
文摘Virtual learning environment(VLE)MOOC provides large-scale data of resources,activities,and interactions within a course structure for predicting student performance.But it is challenging to extract and learn efficient features from student behaviors.In this paper,a three-layer ensemble learning framework for predicting student performance of online courses(TELF-PSPOC)at an early phase is proposed to analyze data collected from Open University Learning Analytics Dataset(OULAD).First,feature augmentation of student behavior is proposed to enrich current features of student performance,including pass rate and grades of all staged tests,daily clicks of online resources.Second,three-layer ensemble feature learning with heterogeneous classifiers(TEFL-HC)is proposed to benefit the integration of tree model and neural network.Compared with current two-layer ensemble learning,pretraining of features prevents overfitting while using nonlinear regression.The experiment shows that our TELF-PSPOC performs better than several baseline models.Besides,the relationship of the learning results and student behavior via VLE is further discovered.
文摘With the popularity of English, more and more attention has been paid to students’ Englishlearning. In order to understand student learning and make accurate predictions about studentperformance, this paper analyzed student performance under English teaching by using adecision tree algorithm, i.e. the C4.5 algorithm. The calculation process of the algorithm was simplifiedby the Taylor series, and an example was analyzed. The results showed that the runningtime of the improved C4.5 algorithm was improved by 22.86% compared with the C4.5 algorithm,the precision rate was above 75%, the recall rate was above 85%, and the F1-measure value wasabove 80%. The experimental results verified the effectiveness of the improved C4.5 method instudying student achievement. This work is beneficial to the further optimization of decision treealgorithms and provides some reference for the application of intelligent algorithms in the fieldof education.
文摘Supportive learning plays a substantial role in providing a quality edu-cation system.The evaluation of students’performance impacts their deeper insight into the subject knowledge.Specifically,it is essential to maintain the baseline foundation for building a broader understanding of their careers.This research concentrates on establishing the students’knowledge relationship even in reduced samples.Here,Synthetic Minority Oversampling TEchnique(SMOTE)technique is used for pre-processing the missing value in the provided input dataset to enhance the prediction accuracy.When the initial processing is not done substantially,it leads to misleading prediction accuracy.This research concentrates on modelling an efficient classifier model to predict students’perfor-mance.Generally,the online available student dataset comprises a lesser amount of sample,and k-fold cross-validation is performed to balance the dataset.Then,the relationship among the students’performance(features)is measured using the auto-encoder.The stacked Long Short Term Memory(s-LSTM)is used to learn the previous feedback connection.The stacked model handles the provided data and the data sequence for understanding the long-term dependencies.The simula-tion is done in the MATLAB 2020a environment,and the proposed model shows a better trade-off than the existing approaches.Some evaluation metrics like pre-diction accuracy,sensitivity,specificity,AUROC,F1-score and recall are evalu-ated using the proposed model.The performance of the s?LSTM model is compared with existing approaches.The proposed model gives 89% accuracy,83% precision,86%recall,and 87%F-score.The proposed model outperforms the existing systems in terms of the earlier metrics.
基金This work was supported by the Hainan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(project number:622RC723)the Education Department of Hainan Province(project number:Hnky2023-72).
文摘Students’grades not only serve as an effective indicator of their learning achievements but also to some extent reflect the completion of teaching tasks by the instructors.Currently,many universities across the country have collected and recorded various information about students and teachers in the school’s information management system,but it is only a simple storage record and has not effectively excavated hidden information,and data have not been fully utilized.Student performance information,enrolment information,course information,teaching plans,and teacher-related information are currently stored in separate databases,which are independent of each other,making it difficult to perform effective data analysis.Data warehousing technology can integrate various information and use data analysis software to excavate more high-value information,which is convenient for teaching evaluation and optimizing teaching strategies.Based on data warehousing technology,the article uses the hierarchical concept of data warehousing to construct the ODS layer,DWD layer,DWS layer and ETL layer.Facing the data warehousing topic,the article designs the data warehousing conceptual model,logical model,and physical model based on student performance,providing a model basis for later data mining.
文摘Educational Data Mining(EDM)is an emergent discipline that concen-trates on the design of self-learning and adaptive approaches.Higher education institutions have started to utilize analytical tools to improve students’grades and retention.Prediction of students’performance is a difficult process owing to the massive quantity of educational data.Therefore,Artificial Intelligence(AI)techniques can be used for educational data mining in a big data environ-ment.At the same time,in EDM,the feature selection process becomes necessary in creation of feature subsets.Since the feature selection performance affects the predictive performance of any model,it is important to elaborately investigate the outcome of students’performance model related to the feature selection techni-ques.With this motivation,this paper presents a new Metaheuristic Optimiza-tion-based Feature Subset Selection with an Optimal Deep Learning model(MOFSS-ODL)for predicting students’performance.In addition,the proposed model uses an isolation forest-based outlier detection approach to eliminate the existence of outliers.Besides,the Chaotic Monarch Butterfly Optimization Algo-rithm(CBOA)is used for the selection of highly related features with low com-plexity and high performance.Then,a sailfish optimizer with stacked sparse autoencoder(SFO-SSAE)approach is utilized for the classification of educational data.The MOFSS-ODL model is tested against a benchmark student’s perfor-mance data set from the UCI repository.A wide-ranging simulation analysis por-trayed the improved predictive performance of the MOFSS-ODL technique over recent approaches in terms of different measures.Compared to other methods,experimental results prove that the proposed(MOFSS-ODL)classification model does a great job of predicting students’academic progress,with an accuracy of 96.49%.
基金the U.S.National Science Foundation through grants IIS-1455886 and DUE-1833129the Schlindwein Family Tel Aviv University-Notre Dame Research Collaboration,United States Grant.Haozhang Deng,Xuemeng Wang,Zhiyi Guo,and Ashley Decker conducted this work as an undergraduate research project at the University of Notre Dame during Summer 2019.
文摘We present PerformanceVis,a visual analytics tool for analyzing student admission and course performance data and investigating homework and exam question design.Targeting a university-wide introductory chemistry course with nearly 1000 student enrollment,we consider the requirements and needs of students,instructors,and administrators in the design of PerformanceVis.We study the correlation between question items from assignments and exams,employ machine learning techniques for student grade prediction,and develop an interface for interactive exploration of student course performance data.PerformanceVis includes four main views(overall exam grade pathway,detailed exam grade pathway,detailed exam item analysis,and overall exam&homework analysis)which are dynamically linked together for user interaction and exploration.We demonstrate the effectiveness of PerformanceVis through case studies along with an ad-hoc expert evaluation.Finally,we conclude this work by pointing out future work in this direction of learning analytics research.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Sci-ence Foundation of China(Grant Nos.61701281,61573219,and 61876098)Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation(ZR2016FM34 andZR2017QF009)+1 种基金Shandong Science and Technology Development Plan(J18KA375),Shandong Social Science Project(18BJYJ04)the Foster-ing Project of Dominant Discipline and Talent Team of Shandong ProvinceHigher Education Institutions.
文摘In higher education,the initial studying period of each course plays a crucial role for students,and seriously influences the subsequent learning activities.However,given the large size of a course’s students at universities,it has become impossible for teachers to keep track of the performance of individual students.In this circumstance,an academic early warning system is desirable,which automatically detects students with difficulties in learning(i.e.,at-risk students)prior to a course starting.However,previous studies are not well suited to this purpose for two reasons:1)they have mainly concentrated on e-learning platforms,e.g.,massive open online courses(MOOCs),and relied on the data about students’online activities,which is hardly accessed in traditional teaching scenarios;and 2)they have only made performance prediction when a course is in progress or even close to the end.In this paper,for traditional classroom-teaching scenarios,we investigate the task of pre-course student performance prediction,which refers to detecting at-risk students for each course before its commencement.To better represent a student sample and utilize the correlations among courses,we cast the problem as a multi-instance multi-label(MIML)problem.Besides,given the problem of data scarcity,we propose a novel multi-task learning method,i.e.,MIML-Circle,to predict the performance of students from different specialties in a unified framework.Extensive experiments are conducted on five real-world datasets,and the results demonstrate the superiority of our approach over the state-of-the-art methods.
文摘The main aim of an educational institute is to offer high-quality education to students. The system to achieve better quality in the educational system is to find the knowledge from educational data and to discover the attributes that manipulate the performance of students. Student performance prediction is a major issue in education and training, specifically in the educational data mining system. This research presents the student performance prediction approach with the MapReduce framework based on the proposed fractional competitive multi-verse optimization-based deep neuro-fuzzy network. The proposed fractional competitive multi-verse optimization-based deep neuro-fuzzy network is derived by integrating fractional calculus with competitive multi-verse optimization. The MapReduce framework is designed with the mapper and the reducer phase to perform the student performance prediction mechanism with the deep learning classifier. The input data is partitioned at the mapper phase to perform the data transformation process, and thereby the features are selected using the distance measure. The selected unique features are employed for the data segmentation process, and thereafter the prediction strategy is accomplished at the reducer phase by the deep neuro-fuzzy network classifier. The proposed method obtained the performance in terms of mean square error, root mean square error and mean absolute error with the values of 0.338 3, 0.581 7, and 0.391 5, respectively.
基金This research was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of the Jiangsu Higher Education Institution of China,(Grant No.19KJB520044)the Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program for College Students in Jiangsu Province of China,(Grant No.202113982023Y)+2 种基金the Jiangsu Graduate Practice and Innovation Project of China,(Grant No.SJCX21_0356)Innovation Practice Project of Graduate Students in Wuxi Campus of Nanjing University of Information Science&Technology,(Grant No.WXCX202117)Project on Teaching Reform Research of Wuxi University,(Grant No.JGYB202113).
文摘Analyzing and predicting the learning behavior data of students in blended teaching can provide reference basis for teaching.Aiming at weak generalization ability of existing algorithm models in performance prediction,a BP neural network is introduced to classify and predict the grades of students in the blended teaching.L2 regularization term is added to construct the BP neural network model in order to reduce the risk of overfitting.Combined with Pearson coefficient,effective feature data are selected as the validation dataset of the model by mining the data of Chao-Xing platform.The performance of common machine learning algorithms and the BP neural network are compared on the dataset.Experiments show that BP neural network model has stronger generalizability than common machine learning models.The BP neural network with L2 regularization has better fitting ability than the original BP neural network model.It achieves better performance with improved accuracy.
文摘The introduced policy of“synchronized enrollment of public and private schools”has once again triggered the debate on the effectiveness of public and private schools.Based on the data of the Program for International Student Assessment(PISA)2018 from four Chinese provinces and municipalities,this paper explores whether private schools gain a relative advantage in student academic performance through student“screening”or academic“meritocracy,”through a hierarchical linear model(HLM)and an empirical test of the propensity score matching(PSM).It has been found that the academic performance of students in private schools is significantly better than that in public schools.But with background,metacognitive ability,and learning hours of students in private schools controlled for,such academic performance is not significantly superior,suggesting that private schools rely heavily on student“screening”to achieve a relative advantage in student academic performance.This finding has also verified the scientific nature of the above policy.
文摘The introduction of an oral performance test for Chinese college students at Band Four is proposed. The current CET-4 test and the qualitative problems associated with it are analysed, and the possible positive backwash of such an innovation is explored.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos. 61502077 and 61672483, and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China under Grant No. ZYGX2016J087.
文摘The prediction of academic performance is one of the most important tasks in educational data mining, and has been widely studied in massive open online courses (MOOCs) and intelligent tutoring systems. Academic performance can be affected by factors like personality, skills, social environment, and the use of library books. However, it is still less investigated about how the use of library books can affect the academic performance of college students and even leverage book-loan history for predicting academic performance. To this end, we propose a supervised content-aware matrix factorization for mutual reinforcement of academic performance prediction and library book recommendation. This model not only addresses the sparsity challenge by explainable dimension reduction techniques, but also quantifies the importance of library books in predicting academic performance. Finally, we evaluate the proposed model on three consecutive years of book-loan history and cumulative grade point average of 13 047 undergraduate students in one university. The results show that the proposed model outperforms the competing baselines on both tasks, and that academic performance not only is predictable from the book-loan history but also improves the recommendation of library books for students.
文摘Purpose:Academics are at the forefront of criticisms about so-called“fake news”considered to undermine evidence-based approaches to the understanding of complex social,political,and economic issues.However,universities contribute to the production of fake news through the legitimization of measures that promote student performativity rewarding their academic nonachievements.This conceptual article will seek to illustrate how this can occur via the writing of methodology chapters by postgraduate students.Design/Approach/Methods:This article provides a critical analysis of the writing of methodology chapters in dissertations and theses in postgraduate education in the social sciences.In so doing,it applies the concept of performativity to student learning.Findings:It is argued that the pressures on students to comply with the requirements of emotional performativity in respect to ideology and method in close-up,qualitative research can lead to fake learning.This phenomenon may be exemplified by reference to a number of practices,namely,phony positionality,methodolatry,ethical cleansing,participatory posturing,and symbolic citation.Originality/Value:This article provides an illustration of the concept of student performativity.It demonstrates that emotional performativity plays a significant role in the way in which students are required to comply with expectations that give rise to inauthenticity in learning.