In the four decades from 1951 to 1990, the six provinces or autonomous regions (Xinjiang, Gansu, Qinghai, Ningxia, Xizang and Nei Monggol) reported a total of 26 065surgical cases of hydatid disease, most of which wer...In the four decades from 1951 to 1990, the six provinces or autonomous regions (Xinjiang, Gansu, Qinghai, Ningxia, Xizang and Nei Monggol) reported a total of 26 065surgical cases of hydatid disease, most of which were reported in the recent decade. About one third of the patients was children and adolescents under 15 years old. So far, cystic hydatid infections of local origin have been confirmed in 22 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities in the whole nation. Findings of X-ray examination and real-time B-mode ultrasonography in agricultural and pastoral areas of Xinjiang, Gansu, Qinghai,Ningxia and Xizang showed that the morbidity rate of hydatidosis in human population varied between 0.5% and 4.5%. The main animal intermediate host in all these regions is sheep, the morbidity of which varied between 3.3% and 90%. The infection rate of adult Echinococcus granulosus in dogs varied between 7% and 71%. The high-risk period for humans contracting hydatid disease is the pre-school age. Direct contact of children with dogs and ingestion of water, vegetables and foods contaminated by worm eggs are the chief mode of transmission for human hydatidosis. The common practices of home slaughter and of feeding dogs on offal containing hydatid cysts facilitate the life cycIe of the parasite.On the basis of hydatid control efforts for several years, the Ministry of Public Health promulgated officially the '1992-1995 National Programme for Hydatid Disease Control'in April, 1992, and pilot studies in which the control of hydatidosis is composed of extensive health education, sanitation of slaughtering and management and deworming of dogs are being established.Cystic echinococcosis has wide distribution in China and is a major public health problem in hyperendemic areas, poses a great threat against people's health and influences the development of livestock husbandry. This problem has received great attention from the medical and veterinary departments. In the rencent decade great efforts have been made in the epidemiology, parasitology and clinical treatment of echinococcosis, resulting in a better understanding of the disease and procedures effective in bringing about control of the disease展开更多
To determine the reason for the different mortality trends of ischemic heart disease （IHD） for China between Global Burden of Disease （GBD） 2010 and GBD2013, and to improve garbage code （GC） redistribution. All ...To determine the reason for the different mortality trends of ischemic heart disease （IHD） for China between Global Burden of Disease （GBD） 2010 and GBD2013, and to improve garbage code （GC） redistribution. All data were obtained from the disease surveillance points system, and two proportions for assigning chronic pulmonary heart disease （PHD） as GC to IHD were from GBD2010 and GBD2013,展开更多
The first mid-term election of the U. S. in the new century took place on November 5, 2002. One third of the senators from the 107th Congress (34 out of 100), all representatives (435), 36 state governors, and numerou...The first mid-term election of the U. S. in the new century took place on November 5, 2002. One third of the senators from the 107th Congress (34 out of 100), all representatives (435), 36 state governors, and numerous local officials and legislators were to be elected or reelected. The resounding victory of the GOP in the congressional elections and the fact that the Democrats only got three more.展开更多
We aimed to describe the distribution of tuberculosis （TB） health workers in China and provide evidences of potential inequity for policy development. We used Lorenz curves and Gini index to characterize the distrib...We aimed to describe the distribution of tuberculosis （TB） health workers in China and provide evidences of potential inequity for policy development. We used Lorenz curves and Gini index to characterize the distribution of TB health workers by population size, geographical area and number of annual registered TB cases. An additional stratified analysis was done by three economic regions. The Gini index were 0.33 for population size, 0.62 for geographical area and 0.30 for number of registered tuberculosis cases that indicated an acceptable average, significant inequity and a relative average distribution nationwide respectively.展开更多
Nickel is an essential trace metal used in the occupational setting, resulting in both occupational and nonoccupational exposures to individuals at varying levels. Exposure to nickel has been associated with several t...Nickel is an essential trace metal used in the occupational setting, resulting in both occupational and nonoccupational exposures to individuals at varying levels. Exposure to nickel has been associated with several toxicities and the International Agency for Research on Cancer has concluded that there is sufficient evidence in humans associating exposure to nickel compounds with risk of lung cancer and sinonasal cancer. This study confirmed a significant excess of mortality from diseases of the lung including silicosis, lung cancer, and cor pulmonale among workers involved in nickel mining or smelting in China.展开更多
This prospective study was designed to examine the combined influence of insulin resistance（IR）and inflammatory biomarker levels on type 2 diabetes mellitus（T2DM）among 1,903Inner Mongolians.
Moldy sugarcane poisoning, an acute fatal food poisoning of unknown etiology, has occurred in 13 provinces in China. The epidemiological characteristics and clinical features were described. Evidence from laboratory s...Moldy sugarcane poisoning, an acute fatal food poisoning of unknown etiology, has occurred in 13 provinces in China. The epidemiological characteristics and clinical features were described. Evidence from laboratory studies indicates that 3-nitropropionic acid roduced by the fungus Arthrinium Spp. is the etiological factor of this food poisoning.展开更多
On the basis of existing data and research results the changes of life supporting environment in China in the history are briefly described. The differences between regional climate variations and climate jump are the...On the basis of existing data and research results the changes of life supporting environment in China in the history are briefly described. The differences between regional climate variations and climate jump are the very important features and phenomena in estimating the trend of environmental evolution in the future. Finally, it is pointed out that sensitive zone is an ideal place to study global change. Many evidences show that the response of environmental elements in the sensitive zones to global change events is very obvious, so that much attention should be paid to the study of sensitive zone.展开更多
Since 1960, the Department of Pathophysio-logy of Shanghai Medical University has beenstudying the virology of experimental leukemia,the strains of L6565 mouse viral leukemia, SRSascitic and solid lymphoma and L783 tr...Since 1960, the Department of Pathophysio-logy of Shanghai Medical University has beenstudying the virology of experimental leukemia,the strains of L6565 mouse viral leukemia, SRSascitic and solid lymphoma and L783 transplan-table leukemia were established successively. Allof these tumor strains originated from the spon-taneous lymphocytic leukemia of Kunmin mouse(Figure 1). Type A and type C virus particlescould be observed in ultrathin sections of thymus,spleen and lymphonode of all these strains mouse展开更多
Sixty-eight ancient cultivated rice grains of 10 ruins of 2000-15000 BP in theChangjiang River valley were studied by analyzing grain shape, using discri-minat formulas of hi-peaked tubercle(BPT) with the G (x) = 44. ...Sixty-eight ancient cultivated rice grains of 10 ruins of 2000-15000 BP in theChangjiang River valley were studied by analyzing grain shape, using discri-minat formulas of hi-peaked tubercle(BPT) with the G (x) = 44. 4788 -0. 4308X- 0. 4263 X+ 0. 078 X, where Xis hi-peaked distance( BPD), Xis peaked angle (PA), and Xis ratio of hi-peaked distance/col depth (BPD/展开更多
1.China’s Human Genome DevelopmentThe international programe--sequencingof human genome, honored as the "MoonLanding Program" started in 1990, havingmany scientists from the United States,Japan, Germany, Fr...1.China’s Human Genome DevelopmentThe international programe--sequencingof human genome, honored as the "MoonLanding Program" started in 1990, havingmany scientists from the United States,Japan, Germany, France and展开更多
This paper introduces the importance of synthesis and study of new nuclides far from the stability line. Following the example of new nuclides 208Hg, 185Hf and 237Th, which were synthesized for the first time by the s...This paper introduces the importance of synthesis and study of new nuclides far from the stability line. Following the example of new nuclides 208Hg, 185Hf and 237Th, which were synthesized for the first time by the scientists in the Institute of Modern Physics, the progress of physics and technology in this aspect in our country are summarized. This paper also outlines a proposal about farther development of the synthesis and study of new nuclides and the construction of relevant key facilities in our country at the beginning of the next century.展开更多
From the discussion above, the 3G choice of China is difficult to makerapidly because of multiple complicated factors. Either delay or impulsion will be costly. So theChinese government regulators need intensive and c...From the discussion above, the 3G choice of China is difficult to makerapidly because of multiple complicated factors. Either delay or impulsion will be costly. So theChinese government regulators need intensive and careful study on key factors before making a rightdecision. But the following policy trends can be inferred: (1)The regulator will not use the auctionlike Europe to issue 3G licenses; (2)Three 3G standards will co-exist in China mobile market withmultiple 3G services competition; (3)The 3G licenses schedule of China will inevitably be associatedwith the market demand and standard mature.展开更多
文摘In the four decades from 1951 to 1990, the six provinces or autonomous regions (Xinjiang, Gansu, Qinghai, Ningxia, Xizang and Nei Monggol) reported a total of 26 065surgical cases of hydatid disease, most of which were reported in the recent decade. About one third of the patients was children and adolescents under 15 years old. So far, cystic hydatid infections of local origin have been confirmed in 22 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities in the whole nation. Findings of X-ray examination and real-time B-mode ultrasonography in agricultural and pastoral areas of Xinjiang, Gansu, Qinghai,Ningxia and Xizang showed that the morbidity rate of hydatidosis in human population varied between 0.5% and 4.5%. The main animal intermediate host in all these regions is sheep, the morbidity of which varied between 3.3% and 90%. The infection rate of adult Echinococcus granulosus in dogs varied between 7% and 71%. The high-risk period for humans contracting hydatid disease is the pre-school age. Direct contact of children with dogs and ingestion of water, vegetables and foods contaminated by worm eggs are the chief mode of transmission for human hydatidosis. The common practices of home slaughter and of feeding dogs on offal containing hydatid cysts facilitate the life cycIe of the parasite.On the basis of hydatid control efforts for several years, the Ministry of Public Health promulgated officially the '1992-1995 National Programme for Hydatid Disease Control'in April, 1992, and pilot studies in which the control of hydatidosis is composed of extensive health education, sanitation of slaughtering and management and deworming of dogs are being established.Cystic echinococcosis has wide distribution in China and is a major public health problem in hyperendemic areas, poses a great threat against people's health and influences the development of livestock husbandry. This problem has received great attention from the medical and veterinary departments. In the rencent decade great efforts have been made in the epidemiology, parasitology and clinical treatment of echinococcosis, resulting in a better understanding of the disease and procedures effective in bringing about control of the disease
基金supported by the China Medical Board(grant No.12-107,15-208)China Medical Board Faculty Development Award(grant No.G16917561)China Scholarship Council(grant No.201408110083)
文摘To determine the reason for the different mortality trends of ischemic heart disease （IHD） for China between Global Burden of Disease （GBD） 2010 and GBD2013, and to improve garbage code （GC） redistribution. All data were obtained from the disease surveillance points system, and two proportions for assigning chronic pulmonary heart disease （PHD） as GC to IHD were from GBD2010 and GBD2013,
文摘The first mid-term election of the U. S. in the new century took place on November 5, 2002. One third of the senators from the 107th Congress (34 out of 100), all representatives (435), 36 state governors, and numerous local officials and legislators were to be elected or reelected. The resounding victory of the GOP in the congressional elections and the fact that the Democrats only got three more.
基金supported by Ministry of Health,China and the Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency granted project "Evidence for Policy and Implementation (EPI-4) Intensifying efforts to achieve the health-related MDGs in four countries with developing economies"
文摘We aimed to describe the distribution of tuberculosis （TB） health workers in China and provide evidences of potential inequity for policy development. We used Lorenz curves and Gini index to characterize the distribution of TB health workers by population size, geographical area and number of annual registered TB cases. An additional stratified analysis was done by three economic regions. The Gini index were 0.33 for population size, 0.62 for geographical area and 0.30 for number of registered tuberculosis cases that indicated an acceptable average, significant inequity and a relative average distribution nationwide respectively.
文摘Nickel is an essential trace metal used in the occupational setting, resulting in both occupational and nonoccupational exposures to individuals at varying levels. Exposure to nickel has been associated with several toxicities and the International Agency for Research on Cancer has concluded that there is sufficient evidence in humans associating exposure to nickel compounds with risk of lung cancer and sinonasal cancer. This study confirmed a significant excess of mortality from diseases of the lung including silicosis, lung cancer, and cor pulmonale among workers involved in nickel mining or smelting in China.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China[Grant No.81773509][Grant No.81102190]
文摘This prospective study was designed to examine the combined influence of insulin resistance（IR）and inflammatory biomarker levels on type 2 diabetes mellitus（T2DM）among 1,903Inner Mongolians.
文摘Moldy sugarcane poisoning, an acute fatal food poisoning of unknown etiology, has occurred in 13 provinces in China. The epidemiological characteristics and clinical features were described. Evidence from laboratory studies indicates that 3-nitropropionic acid roduced by the fungus Arthrinium Spp. is the etiological factor of this food poisoning.
文摘On the basis of existing data and research results the changes of life supporting environment in China in the history are briefly described. The differences between regional climate variations and climate jump are the very important features and phenomena in estimating the trend of environmental evolution in the future. Finally, it is pointed out that sensitive zone is an ideal place to study global change. Many evidences show that the response of environmental elements in the sensitive zones to global change events is very obvious, so that much attention should be paid to the study of sensitive zone.
文摘Since 1960, the Department of Pathophysio-logy of Shanghai Medical University has beenstudying the virology of experimental leukemia,the strains of L6565 mouse viral leukemia, SRSascitic and solid lymphoma and L783 transplan-table leukemia were established successively. Allof these tumor strains originated from the spon-taneous lymphocytic leukemia of Kunmin mouse(Figure 1). Type A and type C virus particlescould be observed in ultrathin sections of thymus,spleen and lymphonode of all these strains mouse
文摘Sixty-eight ancient cultivated rice grains of 10 ruins of 2000-15000 BP in theChangjiang River valley were studied by analyzing grain shape, using discri-minat formulas of hi-peaked tubercle(BPT) with the G (x) = 44. 4788 -0. 4308X- 0. 4263 X+ 0. 078 X, where Xis hi-peaked distance( BPD), Xis peaked angle (PA), and Xis ratio of hi-peaked distance/col depth (BPD/
文摘1.China’s Human Genome DevelopmentThe international programe--sequencingof human genome, honored as the "MoonLanding Program" started in 1990, havingmany scientists from the United States,Japan, Germany, France and
文摘This paper introduces the importance of synthesis and study of new nuclides far from the stability line. Following the example of new nuclides 208Hg, 185Hf and 237Th, which were synthesized for the first time by the scientists in the Institute of Modern Physics, the progress of physics and technology in this aspect in our country are summarized. This paper also outlines a proposal about farther development of the synthesis and study of new nuclides and the construction of relevant key facilities in our country at the beginning of the next century.
文摘From the discussion above, the 3G choice of China is difficult to makerapidly because of multiple complicated factors. Either delay or impulsion will be costly. So theChinese government regulators need intensive and careful study on key factors before making a rightdecision. But the following policy trends can be inferred: (1)The regulator will not use the auctionlike Europe to issue 3G licenses; (2)Three 3G standards will co-exist in China mobile market withmultiple 3G services competition; (3)The 3G licenses schedule of China will inevitably be associatedwith the market demand and standard mature.
