Self-sustained target waves in excitable media with only a long-range link

In this paper we investigate spatiotemporal pattern formation in excitable media with only a long-range link. Besides the trivial solutions of spiral patterns, we find the asymptotic self-sustained target waves in the autonomous tissues. The wave source supporting this kind of new pattern is the oscillatory one-dimensional Winfree-loop self- organized under the presence of a long-range link, which is explored by the dominant phase-advanced driving method. Based on this understanding we can effectively regulate the oscillations of excitable media by suitably arranging the long-range link, including construction of self-sustained target waves with controllable period and wave length, or manipulation of system states between different patterns.

The influence of long-range links on spiral waves and their application for control

The influence of long-range links on spiral waves in an excitable medium has been investigated. Spatiotemporal dynamics in an excitable small-world network transform remarkably when we increase the long-range connection probability P. Spiral waves with few perturbations, broken spiral waves, pseudo spiral turbulence, synchronous oscillations, and homogeneous rest state are discovered under different network structures. Tip number is selected to detect non-equilibrium phase transition between different spatiotemporal patterns. The Kuramoto order parameter is used to identify these patterns and explain the emergence of the rest state. Finally, we use long-range links to successfully control spiral waves and spiral turbulence.

Validity ranges of interfacial wave theories in a two-layer fluid system

In the present paper, we endeavor to accomplish a diagram, which demarcates the validity ranges for interfacial wave theories in a two-layer system, to meet the needs of design in ocean engineering. On the basis of the available solutions of periodic and solitary waves, we propose a guideline as principle to identify the validity regions of the interfacial wave theories in terms of wave period T, wave height H, upper layer thickness dl, and lower layer thick-ness d2, instead of only one parameter-water depth d as in the water surface wave circumstance. The diagram proposed here happens to be Le Mehaute＇s plot for free surface waves if water depth ratio r= d1/d2 approaches to infinity and the upper layer water density p1 to zero. On the contrary, the diagram for water surface waves can be used for two-layer interfacial waves if gravity acceleration g in it is replaced by the reduced gravity defined in this study under the condition of σ=（P2 - Pl）/P2 → 1.0 and r 〉 1.0. In the end, several figures of the validity ranges for various interfacial wavetheories in the two-layer fluid are given and compared with the results for surface waves.

The equilibrium range of wind wave frequency spectrum

-Theoretical form of equilibrium range is given on the basis of the wind wave frequency spectra proposed by Wenel al. (1988a,b,c, 1989a,b). The effects of peakness factor and water depth are discussed. In the case of deep water the e-quilibrium range is reduced to the form first proposed by Toba (1973) and the coefficient of the formula is shown to be the function of nondimensional fetch or peak frequency. Results of the present paper have been verified through field data.

Below the Data Range Prediction of Soft Computing Wave Reflection of Semicircular Breakwater

Coastal defenses such as the breakwaters are important structures to maintain the navigation conditions in a harbor.The estimation of their hydrodynamic characteristics is conventionally done using physical models,subjecting to higher costs and prolonged procedures.Soft computing methods prove to be useful tools,in cases where the data availability from physical models is limited.The present paper employs adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system(ANFIS)and artificial neural network(ANN)models to the data obtained from physical model studies to develop a novel methodology to predict the reflection coefficient(Kr)of seaside perforated semicircular breakwaters under low wave heights,for which no physical model data is available.The prediction was done using the input parameters viz.,incident wave height(Hi),wave period(T),center-to-center spacing of perforations(S),diameter of perforations(D),radius of semicircular caisson(R),water depth(d),and semicircular breakwater structure height(hs).The study shows the prediction below the available data range of wave heights is possible by ANFIS and ANN models.However,the ANFIS performed better with R^2=0.9775 and the error reduced in comparison with the ANN model with R2=0.9751.Study includes conventional data segregation and prediction using ANN and ANFIS.

A millimeter and sub-millimeter wave frequency selective surface beamsplitter for geostationary orbit microwave radiometers

We report the design of three frequency selective surface （FSS） filters used on the FengYun-4 （FY-4） microwave satellite, which separate five-frequency bands in the frequency range of 50-429 GHz with the insertion loss less than 0.4 dB, and separation between adjacent channels more than 20 dB for either TE or TM incidence. Firstly, we briefly introduce the disadvantages of two types of FSS filter： waveguide-array FSS and printed FSS, which are commonly employed in the millimeter and sub-millimeter wave band. In order to meet the insertion loss requirement and specified spectral transmission response, we adopt a filter composed of two closely spaced freestanding metal plates, which con- tains an array of resonant ring slot elements. Computer simulation technology （CST） is used to optimize the structural dimensions of the resonant unit and interlayer separation. Numerical results show that these FSS filters exhibit trans- mission loss of less than 0.4 dB and separation between adjacent channels of more than 20 dB. Simulated transmission coefficients are in close agreement with the required specification, and even exceed the performance specifications.

The Equilibrium Range of Wind Wave Spectra: an Explanation Based on White Noise

Laboratory experiments and field observations show that the equilibrium range of wind wave spectra presents a – 4 power law when it is scaled properly. This feature has been attributed to energy balance in spectral space by many researchers. In this paper we point out that white noise on an oscillation system can also lead to a similar inverse power law in the corresponding displacement spectrum, implying that the – 4 power law for the equilibrium range of wind wave spectra may probably only reflect the randomicity of the wind waves rather than any other dynamical processes in physical space. This explanation may shed light on the mechanism of other physical processes with spectra also showing an inverse power law, such as isotropic turbulence, internal waves, etc.

Theoretical Calculation of Effect Range of Shock Wave of Blasting

Based on the theories of shock wave and energy,this paper inquires into the effect range of shock wave in rock blasting with cylindrical coupling charges, and a new method for calculating the effect range is developed. A calculation example sbows that the new method is reasonable.

A Method for Improving Ranging Accuracy of Short-range Millimeter Wave Radar

The range-velocity ambiguity caused by moving target influences on the ranging accuracy of a short-range millimeter wave radar greatly.A new method was presented in this paper to reduce the range-velocity ambiguity and improve the ranging accuracy by estimating parameters of the echo signal with fractional Fourier transform and self-correlation.And,a new quick searching algorithm was given also to increase the calculation speed.Compared to the Chinese remainder theorem method,the proposed method is excellent for its simplicity and reducing the computation complexity.The simulation results show its validity.

IMAGING ANALYSIS OF FREQUENCY MODULATION CONTINUOUS WAVE SYNTHETIC APERTURE RADAR IN NEAR RANGE MODE

Frequency-Modulation Continuous-Wave Synthetic Aperture Radar(FMCW SAR)has shown great potential in the applications of civil and military fields because of its easy deployment and low cost.However,most of these work and analysis are concentrated on airborne FMCW SAR,where the characteristics of the imaging geometry and signal are much similar to that of traditional pulsed-SAR.As a result,a series of test campaigns of automobile-based FMCW SAR were sponsored by Institute of Electronics,Chinese Academy of Sciences(IECAS)in the autumn of 2012.In this paper,we analyze the imaging issues of FMCW SAR in automobile mode(named as near range mode),where a vehicle is used as moving platform and a large looking angle is configured.The imaging geometry and signal properties are analyzed in detail.We emphasize the difference of the near range mode from the traditional airborne SAR mode.Based on the analysis,a focusing approach is proposed in the paper to handle the data focusing in the case.Simulation experiment and real data of automobile FMCW SAR are used to validate the analysis.

Range Ambiguity Elimination in a Short-Range FMCW Radar System

Modified implementation architecture for sinusoidal frequency modulation is introduced to extract the range information from the received radar echo. Range ambiguity problem arises because the range is calculated from the estimated phase of the received signal which is wrapped into （0, 2π]. By integrating Doppler frequency shifts, the variation of range can be estimated and used as an auxiliary information to help eliminating the corresponding range ambiguity. The performance of the new technique is evaluated by simulations. The results show that this technique is robust to sever phase noise and can be used effectively for ambiguity elimination of the modified sinusoidal frequency modulated continuous wave radar.

Anti-plane (SH) waves diffraction by an underground semi-circular cavity:analytical solution

Diffraction of a two-dimensional （2D） semi-circular cavity in a half-space under incident SH-waves is studied using the classic wave function expansion method with a new de-coupling technique. This so-called ＂improved cosine half- range expansion＂ algorithm exhibits an excellent performance in reducing displacement residual errors at two rim points of concern. The governing equations are developed in a manner that minimizes the residues of the boundary conditions. Detailed derivation and analysis procedures as well as truncation of infinite linear governing equations are presented. The semi-circular cavity model presented in this paper, due to its simple profile, is expected to be used in seismic wave propagation studies as a benchmark for examining the accuracies of various analytical or numerical methods for mixed-boundary wave propagation problems.

Effects of internal waves on signal temporal correlation length in the South China Sea

We simulated the temporal correlation of sound transmission using a two-dimensional advective frozen-ocean model with temperature data from a temperature sensor array on a propagation path in the South China Sea （SCS） Experiment 2009, and investigated the relationships of temporal correlation length, source-receiver range, and maximal sound speed fluctuation mainly caused by the solitary internal waves. We found that the temporal correlation length is -h2-power dependent on source-receiver range and -0.9-power dependent on maximal sound speed fluctuation. The empirical relationship is deduced from one-day environmental measurements in a limited area, needing more works and verification in the future with more acoustic data. But the relationship is useful in many applications in the area of SCS Experiment 2009.

Dot Size Thermal Objects Detection in Atmosphere of Infrared Range

The article deals with the experimental studies of atmosphere indistinct radiation structure. The information extraction background of dot size thermal object presence in atmosphere is reasonable. Indistinct generalization of experimental study regularities technique of space-time irregularity radiation structure in infrared wave range is offered. The approach to dot size thermal object detection in atmosphere is proved with a help of threshold method in the thermodynamic and turbulent process conditions, based on the indistinct statement return task solution.

Length estimation of extended targets based on bistatic high resolution range profile

The approach to estimate the length of extended targets by using the bistatic high resolution range profile（ H RRP） is analyzed in this paper. The relationship between the bistatic H RRP and the monostatic H RRP of extended targets are investigated. It is demonstrated by simulations that the target length measured by the bistatic H RRP is more meaningful and accurate than that by the monostatic HRRP,though the monostatic H RRP has been well developed and widely used in target recognizing and classification. The estimation results of a cone shaped target are present and compared at the end of the paper. To assure the reliability of the simulation,the bistatic H RRP is obtained through the scattering field data calculated by a fullwave numerical method,FE-BI-MLFMA.

A Proposed Frequency Spectrum for Fully Developed Wind Waves by Revisiting P-M Spectrum

It is generally believed that the equilibrium range of wind wave spectrum is in the form of the-4 rather than-5 power law.However,in the widely applied P-M spectrum the equilibrium range is given in the form of-5 power law.In the present paper,a spectrum for full development of wind waves is proposed using the form of the Neumann spectrum,but adopting the-4 power law for the equilibrium range.The proposed spectrum has been verified with NDBC buoy data and could be a substitute for the P-M spectrum.

基于轻量化YOLOv5的雷达图像道路目标检测方法

针对现有车载毫米波雷达目标检测信号处理流程中未滤除静止杂波干扰和网络参数量及浮点数运算量多的问题,文中提出一种车载毫米波雷达目标检测信号处理链,并基于Ghost卷积和空间深度(Space-to-depth,SPD)卷积,设计了一种车载雷达轻量化YOLOv5目标检测模型。首先,使用平均相消算法对雷达原始AD采样数据进行静止杂波干扰抑制;然后,进行二维快速傅里叶变换(Fast Fourier Transform,FFT)得到目标的距离-多普勒(Range-Doppler,RD)图像;最后,使用轻量化目标检测网络模型对RD图像进行检测。实测数据验证了本文所提方法能够滤除静止杂波,有效减少了目标检测模型的浮点运算量,进而降低了模型的参数量,且具有较高的检测精度。

基于线性调频连续波的合作式通信辐射源测距

针对加速运动目标参数估计中,离散多项式变换方法无法进行非整数估计的问题,本文提出基于瑞夫算法的离散多项式变换法和基于Chirp-Z变换的离散多项式变换法2种新型离散多项式变换算法,对加速运动目标速度和加速度进行估计,并对2种算法的估计误差和计算量进行了分析比较。结果表明:2种算法在信噪比-20 dB时均方误差开始接近克拉美罗界。基于瑞夫算法的离散多项式变换法与3次迭代基于Chirp-Z变换的离散多项式变换法均可在较低信噪比下可实现任意频率的有效估计且性能接近,二者均可实现低信噪比下速度、加速度的有效估计,但基于瑞夫算法的离散多项式变换法计算量远小于3次迭代基于Chirp-Z变换的离散多项式变换法。

大量程柔性磁致伸缩位移传感器的输出特性

利用磁机耦合方程建立大量程柔性磁致伸缩位移传感器输出电压模型,理论计算输出电压。搭建实验平台,测试波导丝在偏置磁场和激励电流为5~35 kA/m和0.5~3.5 A范围内的输出电压,对比理论值与测量值,确定使波导丝输出电压最优的激励电流和偏置磁场,并对比Fe_(46.5)Ni_(48.5)Cr_(2)Ti_(2.5)Al_(0.5)不同伸长状态下的输出特性。实验结果表明:最优偏置磁场和激励电流为:(Fe_(83)Ga_(17))_(99.4)B_(0.6)为15 kA/m和1.5 A;Fe_(82)Ga_(13.5)Al_(4.5)为20 kA/m和1.5 A;Fe_(46.5)Ni_(48.5)Cr_(2)Ti_(2.5)Al_(0.5)为10 kA/m和2 A。Fe_(46.5)Ni_(48.5)Cr_(2)Ti_(2.5)Al_(0.5)波导丝信号衰减程度小,不同伸长状态下的输出电压具有一致性。本文的研究可为设计与开发大量程柔性磁致伸缩位移传感器提供理论依据与指导。

深部高瓦斯低渗煤层定向聚能爆破裂纹扩展规律试验研究

针对深部高瓦斯低渗煤层爆破增透时爆破有效致裂范围较小,爆破能量利用率低的问题,首先根据爆破应力波的传播和叠加,从理论上分析了地应力和爆破荷载耦合作用下炮孔周围的应力分布规律;然后利用自主搭建的爆破试验平台进行了有无地应力普通爆破及地应力下不同聚能方向爆破试验研究;最后将爆破后4组试块的裂纹扩展及应力发展规律分别进行对比分析,得出爆生裂纹的扩展规律以及应力峰值的涨幅关系。研究结果表明,在裂纹扩展方面,地应力的存在对煤岩体普通爆破裂纹的扩展起抑制作用,整体裂纹扩展范围较小且呈椭圆形分布;聚能方向与水平较大主应力方向一致时,有利于定向裂纹的扩展,整体裂纹扩展范围较大;聚能方向与竖直较小主应力方向一致时,在爆破初期因聚能效应裂纹沿聚能方向扩展,在裂纹扩展后期,受地应力影响垂直方向上煤岩体受到的切向压应力较大,制约了定向裂纹的扩展,整体裂纹扩展范围较小。应力传播方面,在无地应力与加载地应力普通爆破情况下,爆破孔周围应力呈下降趋势,最高降幅达39.1%;地应力下水平方向聚能爆破相对于普通爆破时,聚能方向的应力峰值提高了72.2%。研究成果运用于深部高瓦斯低渗煤层爆破中,可以有效提高爆破能量利用率和裂纹扩展范围,对瓦斯解吸具有积极意义。