For polar codes,the performance of successive cancellation list(SCL)decoding is capable of approaching that of maximum likelihood decoding.However,the existing hardware architectures for the SCL decoding suffer from h...For polar codes,the performance of successive cancellation list(SCL)decoding is capable of approaching that of maximum likelihood decoding.However,the existing hardware architectures for the SCL decoding suffer from high hardware complexity due to calculating L decoding paths simultaneously,which are unfriendly to the devices with limited logical resources,such as field programmable gate arrays(FPGAs).In this paper,we propose a list-serial pipelined hardware architecture with low complexity for the SCL decoding,where the serial calculation and the pipelined operation are elegantly combined to strike a balance between the complexity and the latency.Moreover,we employ only one successive cancellation(SC)decoder core without L×L crossbars,and reduce the number of inputs of the metric sorter from 2L to L+2.Finally,the FPGA implementations show that the hardware resource consumption is significantly reduced with negligible decoding performance loss.展开更多
针对串行抵消列表翻转(Successive Cancellation List Flip,SCLF)译码算法存在译码性能与复杂度不能同时兼顾的问题,提出了一种快速串行抵消列表翻转(Fast Successive Cancellation List Flip,FSCLF)译码算法。该算法通过加入四种特殊...针对串行抵消列表翻转(Successive Cancellation List Flip,SCLF)译码算法存在译码性能与复杂度不能同时兼顾的问题,提出了一种快速串行抵消列表翻转(Fast Successive Cancellation List Flip,FSCLF)译码算法。该算法通过加入四种特殊结点的识别来加快译码速率,同时构建了临界集(Critical Set,CS),不再依据先前译码错误而引起的错误传播,而是通过两种特殊结点即信息比特R1结点和单奇偶校验(Single-Parity-Check,SPC)结点分别对对数似然比(LogLikelihood Ratio,LLR)值进行计算来判决并确定翻转位置,当奇偶校验位不满足时只需翻转与最不可靠输入LLR值相对应的信息比特,这样减少了翻转次数,从而降低了算法复杂度。仿真结果表明:在误块率为10-5时,所提出的FSCLF译码算法比原SCLF译码算法的信噪比改善了0.09dB,为中短码长情况提供了参考算法。展开更多
Recently,a generalized successive cancellation list(SCL)decoder implemented with shiftedpruning(SP)scheme,namely the SCL-SP-ωdecoder,is presented for polar codes,which is able to shift the pruning window at mostωtim...Recently,a generalized successive cancellation list(SCL)decoder implemented with shiftedpruning(SP)scheme,namely the SCL-SP-ωdecoder,is presented for polar codes,which is able to shift the pruning window at mostωtimes during each SCL re-decoding attempt to prevent the correct path from being eliminated.The candidate positions for applying the SP scheme are selected by a shifting metric based on the probability that the elimination occurs.However,the number of exponential/logarithm operations involved in the SCL-SP-ωdecoder grows linearly with the number of information bits and list size,which leads to high computational complexity.In this paper,we present a detailed analysis of the SCL-SP-ωdecoder in terms of the decoding performance and complexity,which unveils that the choice of the shifting metric is essential for improving the decoding performance and reducing the re-decoding attempts simultaneously.Then,we introduce a simplified metric derived from the path metric(PM)domain,and a custom-tailored deep learning(DL)network is further designed to enhance the efficiency of the proposed simplified metric.The proposed metrics are both free of transcendental functions and hence,are more hardware-friendly than the existing metrics.Simulation results show that the proposed DL-aided metric provides the best error correction performance as comparison with the state of the art.展开更多
In order to change the path candidates, reduce the average list size, and make more paths pass cyclic redundancy check （CRC）, multiple CRC-aided variable successive cancellation list （SCL） decoding algorithm is pr...In order to change the path candidates, reduce the average list size, and make more paths pass cyclic redundancy check （CRC）, multiple CRC-aided variable successive cancellation list （SCL） decoding algorithm is proposed. In the decoding algorithm, the whole unfrozen bits are divided into several parts and each part is concatenated with a corresponding CRC code, except the last part which is concatenated with a whole unfrozen CRC code. Each CRC detection is performed, and only those satisfying each part CRC become the path candidates. A variable list is setup for each part to reduce the time complexity. Variable list size is setup for each part to reduce the time complexity until one survival path in each part can pass its corresponding CRC. The results show that the proposed algorithm can reduce the average list size, and the frame error rate （FER） performance, and has a better performance with the increase of the part number.展开更多
基金supported in part by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2019YFB1803400)。
文摘For polar codes,the performance of successive cancellation list(SCL)decoding is capable of approaching that of maximum likelihood decoding.However,the existing hardware architectures for the SCL decoding suffer from high hardware complexity due to calculating L decoding paths simultaneously,which are unfriendly to the devices with limited logical resources,such as field programmable gate arrays(FPGAs).In this paper,we propose a list-serial pipelined hardware architecture with low complexity for the SCL decoding,where the serial calculation and the pipelined operation are elegantly combined to strike a balance between the complexity and the latency.Moreover,we employ only one successive cancellation(SC)decoder core without L×L crossbars,and reduce the number of inputs of the metric sorter from 2L to L+2.Finally,the FPGA implementations show that the hardware resource consumption is significantly reduced with negligible decoding performance loss.
文摘针对串行抵消列表翻转(Successive Cancellation List Flip,SCLF)译码算法存在译码性能与复杂度不能同时兼顾的问题,提出了一种快速串行抵消列表翻转(Fast Successive Cancellation List Flip,FSCLF)译码算法。该算法通过加入四种特殊结点的识别来加快译码速率,同时构建了临界集(Critical Set,CS),不再依据先前译码错误而引起的错误传播,而是通过两种特殊结点即信息比特R1结点和单奇偶校验(Single-Parity-Check,SPC)结点分别对对数似然比(LogLikelihood Ratio,LLR)值进行计算来判决并确定翻转位置,当奇偶校验位不满足时只需翻转与最不可靠输入LLR值相对应的信息比特,这样减少了翻转次数,从而降低了算法复杂度。仿真结果表明:在误块率为10-5时,所提出的FSCLF译码算法比原SCLF译码算法的信噪比改善了0.09dB,为中短码长情况提供了参考算法。
基金supported in part by the National Key Research and Development Program of China under Grant 2018YFB1802303in part by the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant LQ20F010010。
文摘Recently,a generalized successive cancellation list(SCL)decoder implemented with shiftedpruning(SP)scheme,namely the SCL-SP-ωdecoder,is presented for polar codes,which is able to shift the pruning window at mostωtimes during each SCL re-decoding attempt to prevent the correct path from being eliminated.The candidate positions for applying the SP scheme are selected by a shifting metric based on the probability that the elimination occurs.However,the number of exponential/logarithm operations involved in the SCL-SP-ωdecoder grows linearly with the number of information bits and list size,which leads to high computational complexity.In this paper,we present a detailed analysis of the SCL-SP-ωdecoder in terms of the decoding performance and complexity,which unveils that the choice of the shifting metric is essential for improving the decoding performance and reducing the re-decoding attempts simultaneously.Then,we introduce a simplified metric derived from the path metric(PM)domain,and a custom-tailored deep learning(DL)network is further designed to enhance the efficiency of the proposed simplified metric.The proposed metrics are both free of transcendental functions and hence,are more hardware-friendly than the existing metrics.Simulation results show that the proposed DL-aided metric provides the best error correction performance as comparison with the state of the art.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (61475075,61271238)the Open Research Fund of Key Laboratory of Broadband Wireless Communication and Sensor Network Technology,Ministry of Education (NYKL2015011)
文摘In order to change the path candidates, reduce the average list size, and make more paths pass cyclic redundancy check （CRC）, multiple CRC-aided variable successive cancellation list （SCL） decoding algorithm is proposed. In the decoding algorithm, the whole unfrozen bits are divided into several parts and each part is concatenated with a corresponding CRC code, except the last part which is concatenated with a whole unfrozen CRC code. Each CRC detection is performed, and only those satisfying each part CRC become the path candidates. A variable list is setup for each part to reduce the time complexity. Variable list size is setup for each part to reduce the time complexity until one survival path in each part can pass its corresponding CRC. The results show that the proposed algorithm can reduce the average list size, and the frame error rate （FER） performance, and has a better performance with the increase of the part number.
