A Study on the“Social Behavior”of Zen Poetry Culture:A Case Study of the Sui and Tang Dynasties

During the Sui and Tang dynasties,Buddhism and Zen poetry underwent great development.Zen poetry is diverse in form,strong in personality,and high in achievement.Among the types of Zen poetry are poems,lyrics,and prose,some of which have social attributes closely related to the development of Chinese Buddhism.An analysis reveals that the viewpoints and information conveyed in these poems,lyrics,and prose are positively correlated with the attitudes of the emperors towards Buddhism.When the attitude of the emperor towards Buddhism reached its peak of positivity during the Tang dynasty,there was a change towards a negative correlation with the viewpoints expressed in poetry.

The Evolution Characteristics of Spatial Layout of Ancient Chinese Capitals: A Case Study of Sui,Tang and Northern Song Dynasties With Important Changes in the Historical Development of Feudal Society

Imperial city and outer city are the most important differentiation of the spatial structure of ancient Chinese capitals.The relationship between city and Guo changed from the original spatial structure mode of "respecting the west" and "sitting in the west and facing the east" to the spatial structure mode of "sitting in the north and facing the south" and the three outer cities in the east,south and west surrounding the imperial city after the Wei,Jin,Southern and Northern Dynasties,and gradually changed from the original "multi palace" system to the "single palace" system.Finally,a "heavy city" capital spatial structure with the outer city around the imperial city and the imperial city around the palace city,and the central axis of the chessboard format was formed.During the Tang and Song Dynasties,it was a period of great change in the history of feudal society in China.Through the investigation of the evolution characteristics of the spatial form of capital cities in the Tang and Song Dynasties,the track of the transformation of social ideology,political system,economic structure and many other fields in the Tang and Song Dynasties was made clear.

Research Review of the Influences of Hu Feng on Sui and Tang Literature

This paper reviews the influence of Hu Feng on Sui and Tang Literature,which involves all aspects of social life. The influence enriches the creation of poetry and Ras a great impact on the Tang writers' spiritual qualities and artistic skills.

Construction of Farmland Water Conservancy in Guanzhong Region during the Sui and Tang Dynasties in China

The achievements of Guanzhong farmland water conservancy construction before the Sui and Tang dynasties were outstanding.But after the warlord wars at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty and the division of the Wei,Jin and North and South Dynasties,a large number of water conservancy projects were destroyed and abandoned,which provided space for the construction of Guanzhong farmland water conservancy in the Sui and Tang dynasties.During the Sui and Tang dynasties,not only the original three major irrigation aqueduct systems were restored,developed and expanded,but also the technological breakthroughs of the Yellow River Diversion Irrigation Project were realised,which enabled the further development of the agricultural economy in the economic zone centred on Guanzhong in Shaanxi at that time.

Frontier of Military Defense Buildings in the Western Regions of the Han and Tang Dynasties Based on CiteSpace

Under the guidance of the “the Belt and Road” policy, the academic community continues to study the historical relics of the western regions and military facilities along the silk road in recent years. Focusing on the military defense buildings in the western regions of the Han and Tang Dynasties, CiteSpace software is used to conduct statistical and visual analysis on the hot issues of relevant literature in the military buildings on the silk road. Based on the analysis of frontier hot issues, the research trend of future topics is analyzed and predicted. The research shows that the frontier hot spots of military architecture in the western regions of Han and Tang Dynasties are extensive, and the research trend is steadily rising.

Garden Features in Tang Dynasty and Urban Planning and Construction of Xi'an City

By taking gardens in Tang Dynasty which play an important historical role in Chinese garden development history as case study,garden features in Tang Dynasty had been described from the aspects of cultural,ecological and planning characteristics,so as to explore the development trace of Tang garden culture,based on which relevant problems in urban planning and construction of Xi'an were discussed;and some countermeasures and suggestions on cultural,ecological and planning construction in the preservation of this ancient city were put forward.

Uniformity and Regional Variation: The Xiangli System in the Sui Dynasty

As defined in a decree issued in the spring of 583,the three heads or sanzhang system,designed to be implemented chiefly in the old Northern Qi area in Shandong,basically followed the Northern Qi version of 564,with slight modifications.With the setting up of a system of xiang heads(xiangzheng乡正)who would hear disputes among the common people,as recommended in Su Wei’s memorial of the same year,the judicial position of xiangzheng coexisted with the administrative positions of the three-heads(or two-heads)system.The xiangli(乡里)system announced in the edict of 589 targeted the territory previously under the Chen dynasty;it was basically a continuation of the xiangli system of rural control originally based on a Han dynasty model and followed since then in the south under the Eastern Jin and the Southern dynasties.With the reform of the bureaucratic system in 607,the xiangli system centered on xiangzheng and lizhang became the basic system of rural administration under the Sui dynasty.In the course of its design and creation,the system had to take into account the institutions already existing in the target area and the question of feasibility.Thus“inconsistency”or“regional variation”was built into the system.However,in actual practice there was a tendency toward convergence that led to uniformity of implementation.In Chinese history,the coexistence of regional variation and uniformity was a marked feature of the formation and implementation of different systems.

Medicine Referred in Poetries in Tang Dynasty In the Case of Li Bai, Du Fu and Bai Juyi

Poetry is an important part of traditional culture, which reached the zenith in Tang dynasty. Li Bai, Du Fu and Bai Juyi are famous poets, and there are much about medicine in their works, such as disease, pathogeny, herbs and life cultivation. Some poets described their feelings about getting sick in their poetries, which showed their psychologic status, social conditions and helped us to learn the development of medicine.

The Influence of Thesis Writing of Imperial Examinations on Prose in Tang and Song Dynasty

The imperial examination system not only has profound influence on prose development in Tang and Song Dynasty, but also has an important influence on the whole Tang and Song Dynasty and even the later literature and cultural development. In the feudal autocratic rule, any system implemented by the state will have an important influence on all aspects of the whole society~ especially it is related with the imperial examination system of education and talents. Once it becomes a ＂basic national policy＂ , the role in social development is incalculable. This paper takes the relationship between imperial examination system and Tang and Song prose development as the breakthrough point, analyzing the influence of thesis writing of imperial examination on the prose in Tang and Song Dynasty and ＂Eight great men in Tang and Song Dynasty＂ .

Research on County Sheriff Post Reduction and Reset in the Tang Dynasty

Counties of the prim ary political zone have had distinction of hierarchy from the Q in and H an dynasties.T he criteria to distinguish hierarchy included size of population,differences of taxes num ber,com plexity of adm inistrative affairs and im portance of geographic location.All of these w ere to facilitate the adm inistrative m anagem ent. After the establishm ent of T ang dynasty,m any system s of Sui dynasty w ere inherited and the inheritance had its ow n advantages and disadvantages. As direct official of the herdsm en,the county sheriffs( X ian W ei) had a fixed num ber in the early T ang dynasty w hile the num-ber w as reduced because of dow nfall of states and counties during the period of Rebellion of An Lushan and Shi Sim ing in the reign of Suzong and D aizong.In the late T ang dynasty,as econom ic developm ent w as becom ing stable gradually,the central governm ent m ade appropriate adjustm ents to the system of county officials once again.

A Study of the Effects of Family Precepts,Rules and Ethics on Children’s Education During the Tang Dynasty

From the perspectives of the prosperity of the Sui and Tang dynasties,the rise and fall of the aristocrats and the prevalence of the imperial examination,this paper studies the impact of family precepts,rules,and ethics on children’s education.I believe that an important feature of family precepts in the Tang Dynasty was the development of the cultural tradition of poetry and literature study within the family,which promoted virtues like loyalty,filial piety,diligence,frugality and modesty and had a profound influence on future generations.The rise and fall of Tang Dynasty families was closely related to family precepts,rules,ethics,and learning.Famous and respectable families often regarded these traits as important means to maintain the family’s status,which objectively promoted the development of family scholarship and the importance of children’s education in the Tang Dynasty.The concept of learning as a“carry-on treasure”has become a common belief among scholars and has played a positive role in educating Chinese society,enriching our culture,and keeping society in order.

唐前期监察考课制度安排与护民政策考量

唐朝前期,通过皇帝颁诏、均田制、户婚律等立法制度规制,唐王朝确立实施了保护广大均田农户农民的劝农务本国家政策,以根本上维护王朝国家政权统治。为了切实落实这一国策,唐王朝还对京司及地方诸官司施政履职和官吏政绩制定了四项监察考课制度,具体有朝廷御史台监察制度、分道遣使巡察制度、州司对县司和县司内部监察考课制度、尚书省吏部总负责功过行能考课制度。这四项监察考课制度以律令诏敕等作出规制安排,各有侧重,相互配合,通过纠弹施政违法和黜陟官吏,根本目的也是维护国家政权统治,但其中包含着保护广大均田农户农民的明确政策考量,在实际上有益于农户农民,应当予以肯定。当然,由于唐朝帝制封建等级性阶级社会本质使然,也不能过高评价其实际益处。

晚唐蜀才子李远诗校补--以《夹注名贤十抄诗》为中心

邻国高丽朝文士编选《十抄诗》,收录晚唐蜀才子李远十首七律。其中六首为久佚之诗,包括为说唱文艺留下宝贵资料的《转变人》。其后,该国僧人子山旁征博引中土文献加以注释,遂以《夹注名贤十抄诗》之名传世。注文虽保存了同为散佚之书《十道志》《三秦记》中的吉光片羽,但诸多瑕疵引来后人旳讥评:“字颇舛错”“注多鱼鲁”。而今我们不揣浅陋,依据名物制度变化、历史地理因革、语言文字发展等因素综合考量,逐一给出是非优劣之按断。

渤海国发展时期朝唐制度述论

在渤海国发展时期的八十余年间(737—818年),渤海国确立了朝唐制度,该制度由常使制度和泛使制度两部分构成,在制度层面稳固了唐朝与渤海国的君臣关系。在唐朝爆发安史之乱,以及渤海国出现权力之争期间,渤海国朝唐活动出现波折,后经过二十余年的调整和发展,其朝唐活动进入稳定期,这期间朝唐制度发挥了重要作用。随着渤海政权建设的发展,朝唐制度也日臻完善。

论唐五代词学批评的多维建构及其文学史意义

唐五代“诗客”建构起来的词学批评是历代学者较少关注的论题。作为古典词学批评的发端,唐五代词学批评脱胎于诗学批评而有自身的特色。首先,就本事批评而言,呈现出由“诗缘事”到“词即事”的转变。其次,就词乐而言,唐五代词遵循“审调以节唱”的同时,有着“声依永”和“永依声”的开放的词乐观。再次,就审美而言,唐五代词学有着重清越、尚高扬的审美理想。最后,唐五代的词体功能是娱宾遣兴,但亦不乏政治教化之用。这些批评观点和思想虽具有不确定性和形而上性,却反映了词学思想的原初面貌和初级形态的理论倡导,对后世词学有不可忽视的奠基和推动作用,在文学史上亦具有承前启后的意义。

断代诗歌修辞史研究的重要成果——评段曹林教授的《唐诗修辞史研究》

段曹林教授的《唐诗修辞史研究》是一部体系科学、材料翔实、方法科学的学术著作。作为断代史与文体(语体)史相融合的中国修辞史研究的拓荒之作,段著对唐诗修辞史的研究是基于对唐诗中的修辞现象及其发展演变轨迹进行系统梳理、分析和总结,以唐诗中各种修辞现象的发展演变为研究对象,考查唐诗中各类修辞手法和言语风格在不同时期、诗体、流派、题材的唐诗中的特点、变化和影响,比较不同历史阶段唐诗中比喻运用、句法修辞、言语风格等修辞现象,探讨唐诗修辞在诗歌修辞史中的特征、地位和贡献。

宋词对《莺莺传》的引用及影响

《莺莺传》作为唐传奇中的经典名篇,以一种典范性的爱情题材被后代的宋词所借鉴引用。宋词对《莺莺传》的引用主要有三种方式:一是对《莺莺传》内容的引用;二是对《莺莺传》典故的引用;三是对《莺莺传》诗句的引用。宋词在对《莺莺传》情节、诗句及人物原型引用的基础上,也进一步引申、发挥,颠覆了其中的“忍情”“善补过”之说,为《王西厢》《董西厢》情节的转变做了铺垫,架起西厢故事流变的桥梁,加强了《莺莺传》经典化的生成。

何以齐家:论汉唐循吏的家庭观念及其影响

汉唐时期的循吏重视家庭,在生活中孝敬父母,夫妻和谐,严格教育子女,友爱兄弟。在夫妻间的清贫生活中,妻子体现出一种工具性。他们以礼法治家,虽然维护了家族的和谐,但也体现出父尊母卑、夫尊妻卑、长幼有序的等级观念。他们的家庭观念也影响了如何治民,他们在治理百姓时注重移风易俗,重构家庭伦理观念;推己及人,用亲情化解矛盾纠纷,甚至于感化罪犯。然而他们对家人的感情是有原则、有边界的,边界就是法律与道德,是国家与百姓的利益。

基于考古发现谈晋唐时期新疆饮食文化——以阿斯塔那古墓为例

新疆自古以来族群活动频繁,又因古丝绸之路成为东西方文化交流的中心,这促成当地文化的多样性。新疆阿斯塔那墓地出土了晋唐时期与饮食有关的诸多器物,展现了晋唐时期新疆民众的生活方式和饮食习惯,既是晋唐时期新疆地区社会发展与经济繁荣的直接体现,更呈现了晋唐时期丝绸之路文化交流的重要影响。研究基于历史文物的信息记载功能,为学界展示晋唐新疆的历史发展及丝绸之路的意义与价值。