A Study on the“Social Behavior”of Zen Poetry Culture:A Case Study of the Sui and Tang Dynasties

During the Sui and Tang dynasties,Buddhism and Zen poetry underwent great development.Zen poetry is diverse in form,strong in personality,and high in achievement.Among the types of Zen poetry are poems,lyrics,and prose,some of which have social attributes closely related to the development of Chinese Buddhism.An analysis reveals that the viewpoints and information conveyed in these poems,lyrics,and prose are positively correlated with the attitudes of the emperors towards Buddhism.When the attitude of the emperor towards Buddhism reached its peak of positivity during the Tang dynasty,there was a change towards a negative correlation with the viewpoints expressed in poetry.

The Evolution Characteristics of Spatial Layout of Ancient Chinese Capitals: A Case Study of Sui,Tang and Northern Song Dynasties With Important Changes in the Historical Development of Feudal Society

Imperial city and outer city are the most important differentiation of the spatial structure of ancient Chinese capitals.The relationship between city and Guo changed from the original spatial structure mode of "respecting the west" and "sitting in the west and facing the east" to the spatial structure mode of "sitting in the north and facing the south" and the three outer cities in the east,south and west surrounding the imperial city after the Wei,Jin,Southern and Northern Dynasties,and gradually changed from the original "multi palace" system to the "single palace" system.Finally,a "heavy city" capital spatial structure with the outer city around the imperial city and the imperial city around the palace city,and the central axis of the chessboard format was formed.During the Tang and Song Dynasties,it was a period of great change in the history of feudal society in China.Through the investigation of the evolution characteristics of the spatial form of capital cities in the Tang and Song Dynasties,the track of the transformation of social ideology,political system,economic structure and many other fields in the Tang and Song Dynasties was made clear.

Research Review of the Influences of Hu Feng on Sui and Tang Literature

This paper reviews the influence of Hu Feng on Sui and Tang Literature,which involves all aspects of social life. The influence enriches the creation of poetry and Ras a great impact on the Tang writers' spiritual qualities and artistic skills.

Frontier of Military Defense Buildings in the Western Regions of the Han and Tang Dynasties Based on CiteSpace

Under the guidance of the “the Belt and Road” policy, the academic community continues to study the historical relics of the western regions and military facilities along the silk road in recent years. Focusing on the military defense buildings in the western regions of the Han and Tang Dynasties, CiteSpace software is used to conduct statistical and visual analysis on the hot issues of relevant literature in the military buildings on the silk road. Based on the analysis of frontier hot issues, the research trend of future topics is analyzed and predicted. The research shows that the frontier hot spots of military architecture in the western regions of Han and Tang Dynasties are extensive, and the research trend is steadily rising.

Garden Features in Tang Dynasty and Urban Planning and Construction of Xi'an City

By taking gardens in Tang Dynasty which play an important historical role in Chinese garden development history as case study,garden features in Tang Dynasty had been described from the aspects of cultural,ecological and planning characteristics,so as to explore the development trace of Tang garden culture,based on which relevant problems in urban planning and construction of Xi'an were discussed;and some countermeasures and suggestions on cultural,ecological and planning construction in the preservation of this ancient city were put forward.

Uniformity and Regional Variation: The Xiangli System in the Sui Dynasty

As defined in a decree issued in the spring of 583,the three heads or sanzhang system,designed to be implemented chiefly in the old Northern Qi area in Shandong,basically followed the Northern Qi version of 564,with slight modifications.With the setting up of a system of xiang heads(xiangzheng乡正)who would hear disputes among the common people,as recommended in Su Wei’s memorial of the same year,the judicial position of xiangzheng coexisted with the administrative positions of the three-heads(or two-heads)system.The xiangli(乡里)system announced in the edict of 589 targeted the territory previously under the Chen dynasty;it was basically a continuation of the xiangli system of rural control originally based on a Han dynasty model and followed since then in the south under the Eastern Jin and the Southern dynasties.With the reform of the bureaucratic system in 607,the xiangli system centered on xiangzheng and lizhang became the basic system of rural administration under the Sui dynasty.In the course of its design and creation,the system had to take into account the institutions already existing in the target area and the question of feasibility.Thus“inconsistency”or“regional variation”was built into the system.However,in actual practice there was a tendency toward convergence that led to uniformity of implementation.In Chinese history,the coexistence of regional variation and uniformity was a marked feature of the formation and implementation of different systems.

Medicine Referred in Poetries in Tang Dynasty In the Case of Li Bai, Du Fu and Bai Juyi

Poetry is an important part of traditional culture, which reached the zenith in Tang dynasty. Li Bai, Du Fu and Bai Juyi are famous poets, and there are much about medicine in their works, such as disease, pathogeny, herbs and life cultivation. Some poets described their feelings about getting sick in their poetries, which showed their psychologic status, social conditions and helped us to learn the development of medicine.

The Influence of Thesis Writing of Imperial Examinations on Prose in Tang and Song Dynasty

The imperial examination system not only has profound influence on prose development in Tang and Song Dynasty, but also has an important influence on the whole Tang and Song Dynasty and even the later literature and cultural development. In the feudal autocratic rule, any system implemented by the state will have an important influence on all aspects of the whole society~ especially it is related with the imperial examination system of education and talents. Once it becomes a ＂basic national policy＂ , the role in social development is incalculable. This paper takes the relationship between imperial examination system and Tang and Song prose development as the breakthrough point, analyzing the influence of thesis writing of imperial examination on the prose in Tang and Song Dynasty and ＂Eight great men in Tang and Song Dynasty＂ .

Research on County Sheriff Post Reduction and Reset in the Tang Dynasty

Counties of the prim ary political zone have had distinction of hierarchy from the Q in and H an dynasties.T he criteria to distinguish hierarchy included size of population,differences of taxes num ber,com plexity of adm inistrative affairs and im portance of geographic location.All of these w ere to facilitate the adm inistrative m anagem ent. After the establishm ent of T ang dynasty,m any system s of Sui dynasty w ere inherited and the inheritance had its ow n advantages and disadvantages. As direct official of the herdsm en,the county sheriffs( X ian W ei) had a fixed num ber in the early T ang dynasty w hile the num-ber w as reduced because of dow nfall of states and counties during the period of Rebellion of An Lushan and Shi Sim ing in the reign of Suzong and D aizong.In the late T ang dynasty,as econom ic developm ent w as becom ing stable gradually,the central governm ent m ade appropriate adjustm ents to the system of county officials once again.

A Study of the Effects of Family Precepts,Rules and Ethics on Children’s Education During the Tang Dynasty

From the perspectives of the prosperity of the Sui and Tang dynasties,the rise and fall of the aristocrats and the prevalence of the imperial examination,this paper studies the impact of family precepts,rules,and ethics on children’s education.I believe that an important feature of family precepts in the Tang Dynasty was the development of the cultural tradition of poetry and literature study within the family,which promoted virtues like loyalty,filial piety,diligence,frugality and modesty and had a profound influence on future generations.The rise and fall of Tang Dynasty families was closely related to family precepts,rules,ethics,and learning.Famous and respectable families often regarded these traits as important means to maintain the family’s status,which objectively promoted the development of family scholarship and the importance of children’s education in the Tang Dynasty.The concept of learning as a“carry-on treasure”has become a common belief among scholars and has played a positive role in educating Chinese society,enriching our culture,and keeping society in order.

On the Creation Background and the Influence of Wei Zhuang’s Famous Poem:Lament of a Northwestern Woman

Lament of a Northwestern Woman(Qin Fu Yin),composed by Wei Zhuang after the Huangchao uprising,is a long poem that showcases the sufferings of the civilians and embodies the people’s character of the poem,which is the profound empathy and compassion of the poet towards the civilians’plight.The poem was written during the reign of Emperor Xizong of the Tang Dynasty in the year Gengmao(883 AD).2023 is also the year Gengmao,so this poem has existed for a remarkable 1140 years.For over a millennium,this long poem remained submerged in history until the opening of the Dunhuang Grottoes at the turn of the 20th century.The deep compassion and commiseration towards the underprivileged masses conveyed in this long poem are reminiscent of Du Fu’s renowned“Three Poems of Separation.”Moreover,it is widely believed that this poem foretells the decline of the Tang Dynasty.

隋及唐初敦煌艺术对外来影响的吸收与创新

敦煌隋代彩塑受到印度笈多艺术风格的影响,及至唐代,彩塑已形成了中国式的表现手法与风格,既保持了雕塑的写实性,又体现出气韵生动的精神。壁画也同样,隋至唐初的人物造型中,常常出现典型的印度风格晕染法,比起北朝壁画更接近印度绘画的特点,表明当时确有一部分画家擅长画外来风格。但随着唐前期艺术的发展,画家们对外来晕染法不断改造,使之与传统的线描进行了完美的结合。从壁画的装饰图案中,我们也可看到对外来艺术的改造,如隋至唐初流行的联珠纹、石榴纹、葡萄纹等纹样在不断地被吸收改造,最后都融入了形态更为丰富的卷草纹中。

基于可拓语义的传统纹样在食品包装设计中的应用

为了满足消费者将传统文化意蕴与食品包装相结合的需求,提出一种可拓语义下的传统纹样特征提取设计研究方法。通过对唐代金银器纹样加以分析筛选,确立目标纹样基元,构建可拓语义模型;对纹样基元进行语义词汇可拓分析,得到最大设计价值区间。利用图解思维对特征语义进行可视化分析,加以形状文法进行推导演变。以某款月饼包装设计为例,采用该方法设计出数款应用方案,并对其进行模糊综合评价,获得了较高满意度。

唐朝马球运动军事功用的历史探赜

回溯马球运动在大唐王朝的兴盛繁荣历程,探究马球在训练提升军队骑兵战力方面的价值功用,有助于从一个侧面或者视角审视一项体育运动对唐王朝军事武备与尚武风气的深远影响。运用历史考证、文本分析等方法,从文物、文献与文化遗存等证据链互补的视角展开论证。研究认为,马球由我国古代蹴鞠演变而来,繁荣兴盛于唐朝并逐渐形成完备的训练与竞赛体系。唐朝时期国家富强、社会稳定和文化繁荣,为马球在朝野广泛开展奠定了物质与文化基础,而其间不断发生的战事与外敌威胁,也为马球成为军队训练将士的重要手段提供了条件。结论显示,作为一项竞技性很强的运动项目,马球不仅是王公贵族和民众娱乐之戏,还是军队骑兵的重要科目。唐朝军中经常举行马球比赛活动,因此在增强士兵体能素质与马上对敌作战技巧,提高骑兵之骑术和马上砍杀技术,锻炼马匹作战对抗与奔袭能力等方面具有鲜明的军事功能,同时在塑造整个社会尚武精神、增进唐朝军事外交、增进中西文化交流等方面亦发挥了重要作用。

唐朝初期中原与吐蕃佛教交融依存语境解读

吐蕃与唐朝因中原佛教结缘,而双方的交融依存发端于唐朝重启了儒家孟子性善论仁道思想,摒弃了过去天赋神权论的儒家思想。儒学扬弃之后在唐朝初期强调“仁”道,唐朝因“仁”和合吐蕃,佛教的中国化也在唐朝初期有了新的面目:“提倡众生平等”。儒学的“仁”转化为佛学的“众生平等”理念,形成了吐蕃与中原的基本交往范式,即以佛教为抓手,而以借鉴唐朝的基本思想为内容的事实。这也说明佛教在唐朝真正开始中原化了,而佛教在吐蕃还远未开始吐蕃化,文成公主入藏意味着吐蕃与中原启动了交往交流交融的加速模式。

面向一统的都城规划——再论隋大兴的空间形制建构及其历史意义

隋大兴是在一统全国过程中规划建设的新都城。其营建不仅在于都城空间本身,也包括以都城为核心面向整个疆域的一系列空间建构。本文分析了中国古代“大一统”思想的发展演变以及隋大兴的建设背景,认为隋初围绕大兴城在疆域范围、近畿区域、都城形态三个层面的一系列空间建构是中国古代“大一统”思想与全国一统进程实际需要相结合的空间政治实践,呼应了当时的军事、政治、经济、文化等需求,丰富和发展了“大一统”理念在都城规划中的表达,提高了都城在国家秩序建构和国家认同形成方面的作用,推动了隋唐“大一统”时代的形成和巩固。

四川仁寿石佛湾摩崖造像调查简报

四川省仁寿县方家镇哨楼村石佛湾摩崖造像现存13龛,造像组合包括三佛、七佛、五十三佛、一弟子二胁侍、一佛二菩萨、一佛二弟子二菩萨等,可辨题材有弥勒、僧伽、三世佛、过去七佛、五十三佛、一佛五十二菩萨等瑞像。根据造像题材及风格,可推断石佛湾摩崖造像开凿于8世纪晚期至9世纪上半叶。

唐朝“大一统”的空间叙事——基于《新唐书·地理志》的研究

“大一统”是中国学术界的重要议题,但对唐朝“大一统”的讨论,现有研究主要是从思想阐释层面展开,从空间叙事角度表达唐朝“大一统”历史形态的研究不多。《新唐书·地理志》对唐朝疆域范围、交通道路、户数人口、政区沿革等方面的详细记载为我们解释唐朝“大一统”提供了空间维度的观察路径与文献基础。唐朝“郡县天下-羁縻府州-文化边疆”的空间结构不仅改变了秦汉以来的“大一统”空间叙事,而且在具体实践上,唐朝所形成的“大一统”是沟通中央与地方、维系中心与边疆、涵盖中国境内与域外世界的整体性叙事。正是基于“大一统”的空间叙事,使得中国疆域具有了超越具体朝代的稳定性,成为现代中国疆域叙事体系的重要内容之一。

唐代越瓷“秘色”之名出典新考

唐代中后期,越窑生产出不同于以前的精品越瓷,被世人称作“秘色瓷”。根据古籍文献记载,结合近现代考古成果,越窑“秘色瓷”成名实际上有个滥觞至成熟的过程。越窑“秘色瓷”名首次出现在中唐后期,但直到北宋才被大众所接受。“秘色瓷”名源自皇宫,通过文人士大夫向社会传播;窑场所在地始终未见“秘色瓷”名的实物遗存。“秘色”的本质是指器面的釉色。