Sulfide-based all-solid-state batteries(ASSBs)exhibit unparalleled application value due to the high ionic conductivity and good processability of sulfide solid electrolytes(SSEs).Carbon-based conductive agents(CAs)are ...Sulfide-based all-solid-state batteries(ASSBs)exhibit unparalleled application value due to the high ionic conductivity and good processability of sulfide solid electrolytes(SSEs).Carbon-based conductive agents(CAs)are often used in the construction of electronic conductive networks to achieve rapid electron transfer.However,CAs accelerate the formation of decomposition products of SSEs,and their effects on sulfide-based ASSBs are not fully understood.Herein,the effect of CAs(super P,vaper-grown carbonfibers,and carbon nanotubes)on the performance of sulfide-based ASSBs is investigated under different cathode active materials mass loading(8 and 25 mg⋅cm^(-2)).The results show that under low mass loading,the side reaction between the CAs and the SSEs deteriorates the performance of the cell,while the charge transfer promotion caused by the addition of CAs is only manifested under high mass loading.Furthermore,the gradient design strategy(enrichment of CAs near the current collector side and depletion of CAs near the electrolyte side)is applied to maximize the benefits of CAs in electron transport and reduce the adverse effects of CAs.The charge carrier transport barrier inside the high mass loading electrode is significantly reduced through the regulation of electronic conductivity.Consequently,the optimized electrode achieves a high areal capacity of 5.6 mAh⋅cm^(-2)at high current density(1.25 mA⋅cm2,0.2℃)at 25℃with a capacity retention of 87.85%after 100 cycles.This work provides a promising way for the design of high-mass loading electrodes with practical application value.展开更多
安哥拉Benguela Sul 220 kV变电站综合自动化系统按照“无人值班”(少人值守)的原则进行设计,计算机监控系统由站控层和间隔层组成,采用全开放分层分布式网络结构。站控层是整个变电站的一、二次设备管理、控制、监视、测量的中心,监控...安哥拉Benguela Sul 220 kV变电站综合自动化系统按照“无人值班”(少人值守)的原则进行设计,计算机监控系统由站控层和间隔层组成,采用全开放分层分布式网络结构。站控层是整个变电站的一、二次设备管理、控制、监视、测量的中心,监控系统采用双环形光纤以太网计算机局域网连接方式,间隔层通过100Mbps光纤交换式快速以太网或RS485总线与站控层设备通信。本站采用光纤通信+载波通信方式,计算机监控系统通过远动通信设备与调度中心通信。展开更多
Soil bioengineering has been applied more and more in different regions of Brazil in recent years. The study in hand presents the installation of “new” riparian forest based on soil bioengineering techniques. This r...Soil bioengineering has been applied more and more in different regions of Brazil in recent years. The study in hand presents the installation of “new” riparian forest based on soil bioengineering techniques. This riverbank restoration work was implemented in the year 2010 and two onsite vegetation surveys, one shortly after the construction, and one in 2013. Besides that, the structures of reinforcement work, and its effectiveness were evaluated. By means of the vegetation survey, the applied species were examined for their ability to establish the riverbank in an environmentally sustainable way. Most notably, the species Calliandra brevipes Benth. (Fabaceae, Mimosoideae), Phyllanthus sellowianus Müller Arg. (Euphorbiaceae), Salix humboldtiana Willd. (Salicaceae), Bauhinia forficate Link (Leguminosae), Inga marginata Willd. (Mimosoideae) and Ateleia glazioveana Baill. (Leguminosae, Papilionoideae) showed a good growth development. The proportion of spontaneous vegetation increased significantly, with Pennisetum purpureum Schumach. becoming a dominating species. Resulting from that, the intervention can be assessed as functional and safe, but the strong increase of spontaneous vegetation is undesirable due to less flood resistance. The vegetated riprap could be the best to meet the expectations of the construction elements. Partly, the anchored willows showed as well a good growth development whereas the species used for the hedge brush layer could not develop as expected in large parts of the construction.展开更多
A 405 cm long core was drilled in the Aparados da Serra National Park (Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil) at the end of 1999, and in all, 23 samples were taken for palynological investigation. The cores’ age is estimated at ...A 405 cm long core was drilled in the Aparados da Serra National Park (Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil) at the end of 1999, and in all, 23 samples were taken for palynological investigation. The cores’ age is estimated at 27 000 a BP based on three radiocarbon dates taken from different depths of the core. Palynological methods were used to reconstruct the history of vegetation and climate change. Four different plant associations were recognized: ① lake plankton and shore plants; ② mire and swamp plants; ③ gallery-forest plants; ④ campos vegetation. Climate changed from cold glacial conditions mainly influenced by the South Pole throughout several transition stages to today’s humid warm climate, mainly being influenced by the Brazil stream.展开更多
基金supported by Hunan Provincial Science and Technology Department(No.2021JJ10058).
文摘Sulfide-based all-solid-state batteries(ASSBs)exhibit unparalleled application value due to the high ionic conductivity and good processability of sulfide solid electrolytes(SSEs).Carbon-based conductive agents(CAs)are often used in the construction of electronic conductive networks to achieve rapid electron transfer.However,CAs accelerate the formation of decomposition products of SSEs,and their effects on sulfide-based ASSBs are not fully understood.Herein,the effect of CAs(super P,vaper-grown carbonfibers,and carbon nanotubes)on the performance of sulfide-based ASSBs is investigated under different cathode active materials mass loading(8 and 25 mg⋅cm^(-2)).The results show that under low mass loading,the side reaction between the CAs and the SSEs deteriorates the performance of the cell,while the charge transfer promotion caused by the addition of CAs is only manifested under high mass loading.Furthermore,the gradient design strategy(enrichment of CAs near the current collector side and depletion of CAs near the electrolyte side)is applied to maximize the benefits of CAs in electron transport and reduce the adverse effects of CAs.The charge carrier transport barrier inside the high mass loading electrode is significantly reduced through the regulation of electronic conductivity.Consequently,the optimized electrode achieves a high areal capacity of 5.6 mAh⋅cm^(-2)at high current density(1.25 mA⋅cm2,0.2℃)at 25℃with a capacity retention of 87.85%after 100 cycles.This work provides a promising way for the design of high-mass loading electrodes with practical application value.
文摘安哥拉Benguela Sul 220 kV变电站综合自动化系统按照“无人值班”(少人值守)的原则进行设计,计算机监控系统由站控层和间隔层组成,采用全开放分层分布式网络结构。站控层是整个变电站的一、二次设备管理、控制、监视、测量的中心,监控系统采用双环形光纤以太网计算机局域网连接方式,间隔层通过100Mbps光纤交换式快速以太网或RS485总线与站控层设备通信。本站采用光纤通信+载波通信方式,计算机监控系统通过远动通信设备与调度中心通信。
文摘Soil bioengineering has been applied more and more in different regions of Brazil in recent years. The study in hand presents the installation of “new” riparian forest based on soil bioengineering techniques. This riverbank restoration work was implemented in the year 2010 and two onsite vegetation surveys, one shortly after the construction, and one in 2013. Besides that, the structures of reinforcement work, and its effectiveness were evaluated. By means of the vegetation survey, the applied species were examined for their ability to establish the riverbank in an environmentally sustainable way. Most notably, the species Calliandra brevipes Benth. (Fabaceae, Mimosoideae), Phyllanthus sellowianus Müller Arg. (Euphorbiaceae), Salix humboldtiana Willd. (Salicaceae), Bauhinia forficate Link (Leguminosae), Inga marginata Willd. (Mimosoideae) and Ateleia glazioveana Baill. (Leguminosae, Papilionoideae) showed a good growth development. The proportion of spontaneous vegetation increased significantly, with Pennisetum purpureum Schumach. becoming a dominating species. Resulting from that, the intervention can be assessed as functional and safe, but the strong increase of spontaneous vegetation is undesirable due to less flood resistance. The vegetated riprap could be the best to meet the expectations of the construction elements. Partly, the anchored willows showed as well a good growth development whereas the species used for the hedge brush layer could not develop as expected in large parts of the construction.
文摘A 405 cm long core was drilled in the Aparados da Serra National Park (Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil) at the end of 1999, and in all, 23 samples were taken for palynological investigation. The cores’ age is estimated at 27 000 a BP based on three radiocarbon dates taken from different depths of the core. Palynological methods were used to reconstruct the history of vegetation and climate change. Four different plant associations were recognized: ① lake plankton and shore plants; ② mire and swamp plants; ③ gallery-forest plants; ④ campos vegetation. Climate changed from cold glacial conditions mainly influenced by the South Pole throughout several transition stages to today’s humid warm climate, mainly being influenced by the Brazil stream.
