Biological Treatability of Low Total Dissolved Solids (LTDS) Using SBR as a Pre-Treatment for Reverse Osmosis

Huge quantity of effluents is generated from pharmaceutical industries attributed to their wide array of manufacturing and maintenance processes. Wastewaters from pharmaceuticals are characterized by the presence of solids, pH, temperature, biodegradable organic compounds, unusual turbidity, hardness and conductivity. Wastewater from pharmaceutical industry arising from various units is categorised as low total dissolved solids (LTDS) and high total dissolved solids (HTDS) based on the concentration of total dissolved solids. The present study focuses on treatment of LTDS using a combination of biological treatment followed by membrane process, reverse osmosis. This research presents the results from the pilot-scale studies focussed on biological treatment using SBR as pre-treatment for RO towards the removal of LTDS effluent. Three-month data on a daily basis is presented. The efficiency of the process was tested with a reduction in parameters like total dissolved solids and chemical oxygen demand. SBR tested for its suitability as a preliminary treatment for the Reverse Osmosis process during the months of August-October. The highest and lowest TDS reduction was recorded as 9.72% and ?4.67% in the month of August. The highest and least COD reduction was recorded as 87.28% and 80.66% in the same month. The highest and lowest TDS reduction was recorded as 0.84% and ?7.92% in the month of September. The highest and least COD reduction was recorded as 87.07% and 83.28% in the same month. The performance of RO tested for its efficiency in removing the TDS and COD after SBR as pre-treatment. The highest and lowest TDS reduction was recorded as 94.93% and 93.27% in the month of August. The highest and least COD reduction was recorded as 96.84% and 90.19% in the same month. The highest and lowest TDS reduction was recorded at 96.53% and 91.25% in the month of October. The highest and least COD reduction was recorded as 94.31% and 72.57% in the same month. SBR has proved to be a promising solution for pre-treatment removing all substances that might result in membrane fouling. Hence, the present study concludes that a combination of SBR and RO will be a promising solution for effective removal of TDS and COD from pharmaceutical wastewaters.

Pilot Scale Biological Treatment as Pre-Treatment for Reverse Osmosis

Treatment of pharmaceutical wastewaters is a challenging task owing to their complexity and pollution load, variability in strength of waste streams accompanied with shock loads. Since no single treatment system is a viable option, integration of existing systems with advanced physical/chemical processes has been gaining attention for treatment of pharmaceutical wastewater. In the present study, two biological treatment methods were evaluated for their efficiency as pre-treatment system for RO which are sequencing batch reactor and membrane bioreactor. Efficiency of biological treatments tested SBR and MBR was pre-sented in terms of percentage removal of physico-chemical parameters. Total dissolved solids removal by SBR was 31.82% while MBR showed 29.25% reduction. Chemical oxygen demand removal by SBR was 69.54% while MBR showed 30.35% removal. Efficiency of combined treatments SBR-RO and MBR-RO was presented in terms of removal of total dissolved solids, COD and ammonia. TDS removal was the highest in the combination of SBR-RO with 95.94% removal, while MBR-RO combination resulted in 87.29% removal. Chemical oxygen demand was achieved maximum with the combination of MBR-RO 92.33% while competitive results were achieved with the combination SBR-RO also with 88.62% removal. Removal of ammonia was maximum with the combination SBR-RO 87.5%, while competitive results were obtained with MBR-RO 85.51%. From the results, it can be understood that SBR was efficient in removing ammonia, total dissolved solids and was equally competent in removing chemical oxygen demand. This study concludes that combined treatment of SBR-RO proves to be promising in treating pharmaceutical wastewaters.

高得率浆废水的高效生化处理——序列活性污泥法处理低污染意杨APMP废水

研究表明短周期速生材意大利杨APMP制浆工艺是一种低污染的清洁生产技术。用序列活性污泥法和混凝法组合技术处理该种废水 ,可达到国家GB 3544— 92二级或一级排放标准。

SBR法处理磺胺废水的试验研究

采用 SBR法进行了磺胺废水的处理试验研究。结果表明 ,SBR处理工艺可有效地处理磺胺废水 ,在进水 CODCr浓度为2 90 1～ 3 14 7mg/L时 ,其去除率最高可达 94.5 % ,SO2 - 4浓度在 45 0 0 mg/L 以下对处理效率无影响 ;SBR反应停留时间以 3 2 h为宜 ,曝气周期以

酸化-序列活性污泥工艺处理屠宰污水——实践研究与工程实践

本文论述了厌氧酸化-序列式活性污泥(SBR)工艺处理屠宰污水的工艺原理、试验及工艺设计参数.原污水先经砂除杂,接触床厌氧酸化,SBR工艺采用半限制或限制曝气方式运行,排泥周期5～6个月,处理水优于GB8978-88新建企业一级排放标准,氯消毒后回用于性猪栅及水膜除尘等作业,回用率50%以上。

SBR法的发展应用探讨

SBR法是序批式活性污泥污水处理技术的简称。针对该技术运行控制自动化,操作过程一体化,脱氮除磷程序化,与传统活性污泥CFS法相比较,具有许多优点的特性,探讨了此技术的概况、发展及在我国的应用。如果设计前能进行必要的工艺条件实验,合理选用设计参数,它必将作为一种先进技术,在我国得到广泛地应用。

印刷电路板显影废水处理研究

印刷电路板生产中产生的显影废水是一种高有机物含量、成分复杂、难以生化降解的废水。作者采用酸化破乳—铁炭微电解—中和沉淀—SBR组合工艺处理该废水,并通过实验确定最佳工艺参数:酸化破乳pH为3～4,破乳后出水进入铁炭微电解柱,V(铁)∶V(炭)=11∶,反应时间为45 min,出水加石灰乳调节pH为7～8,中和沉淀;SBR每12h为一个周期,最佳反应时间为8h。经组合工艺处理后,原废水CODCr由原来的11 000mg/L降至400 mg/L左右,去除率达到96%左右。

A_2N-IC-SBR改进工艺强化脱氮除磷特性

针对A2N-IC-SBR工艺中部分出水氨氮不能达标的问题,提出改进方案,并考察了改进方案下A2N-IC-SBR工艺的脱氮除磷性能。结果表明:改进方案可以大幅提高氨氮去除率,且不会影响出水磷浓度。氨氮、总氮、总磷出水浓度均能够达到GB 18918—2002一级A标准。与连续流A2N-IC工艺相比,A2N-IC-SBR在强化磷回收方面具有明显优势:采用了连续均匀投加钙盐的方式,有利于非均相结晶,产生了片状的钙磷结晶体。

用SBR生物技术处理造纸废水

介绍了造纸工业废水的特点、SBR生物技术的特点和处理造纸废水的优势,讨论了SBR生物技术处理造纸废水的运行机理和工艺操作过程。对国内外SBR技术处理造纸废水的研究情况进行了概括,指出SBR生物技术对处理中小型造纸厂废水具有很好的发展前景。

两相厌氧-SBR法处理米粉厂废水工程实践

采用两相厌氧 - SBR法处理桂林市瓦窑米粉厂的生产废水 ,即在 SBR池前利用两相厌氧池进行预处理 ,减少 SBR池的有机负荷 ,节约投资 ,同时 SBR池不设污泥处理设施 ,占地面积仅 85 m2。一年多的实际运行情况表明 ,米粉厂生产废水经两相厌氧预处理后 ,BOD和 CODcr的去除率分别为 31.0 %和 5 3.0 % ,BOD和 CODcr分别降解到 5 87mg· L- 1 和 75 3mg· L- 1 ,BOD/ CODcr≈ 0 .78。经过 SBR池后 ,BOD和 CODcr分别降解到 2 4 .3mg· L- 1 和 77.1mg· L- 1 ,达到国家规定的《污水综合排放标准》(GB8978- 96 )的新改扩一级标准。

SBR法降解处理日化厂废水的实验研究

日化厂废水成分复杂,其中表面活性剂、含P化合物、油脂、色素等严重污染生态环镜,较难处理。本文采用小规模的间歇式活性污泥法(SBR)生物反应器降解处理日化厂废水,分析了废水降解过程中污泥体积指数、污泥负荷、容积负荷等微生物学的特性变化,并讨论了曝气时间、污泥负荷、容积负荷对污染物去除率的影响。结果表明,通过对普通活性污泥的培养与驯化,利用SBR工艺降解处理日化厂废水是可行的。当曝气时间为4.5h,污泥负荷为1.2kg/(kg·d)(以MLSS计的COD),容积负荷为2.1～2.3g/(L·d)时,COD、油脂、总磷、表面活性剂(SAA)、SO42-等的去除率分别可达92.3%,99.1%,99.3%,99.3%,99.0%和98.9%。

间歇式活性污泥法处理农药废水的研究

采用间歇式活性污泥法（ＳＢＲ法）对有机磷农药废水的处理进行了实验研究，结果表明：该法处理效果良好，对进水浓度的变化有较好的适应能力，出水水质稳定．同时。

两级SBR工艺处理小城镇生活污水研究

采用两级 SBR (sequence batch reactor)工艺处理小城镇生活污水 ,试验结果表明 ,先通过 SBR1反应器对污水起到了平衡、均化作用 ,再通过 SBR2反应器实现了污水的脱氮除磷 .试验出水 ρCOD(铬法 )浓度为 2 1～ 43 mg· L-1,去除率达到 85 %～ 93 % ;出水ρ(N) (N为氨态氮 )为 3 .3～ 9.5 mg· L-1,去除率达到 65 %～ 81 % ;出水ρt(P)为 0 .3 2～ 0 .63 mg· L-1,去除率达到 87%～ 95 % .

好氧氨氧化生物膜内氧传质特性及影响因素

采用理论计算和实验测试相结合的方法,对流化床反应器中好氧氨氧化生物膜内溶解氧传质特性及影响因素进行了分析。建立了综合考虑反应-扩散-对流作用的一维模型,计算结果表明:溶解氧所能到达的生物膜厚度受渗流速度等因素的影响;增大渗流速度、扩散系数和进水底物浓度均可以提高膜内溶解氧浓度的最大值。建立了序批式流化床生物膜反应器,获得了高于80%的氨氮转化率,实现了好氧氨氧化生物膜的成功挂膜,获得生物膜厚度为0.1~0.3 mm,采用微电极测试了膜内溶解氧浓度。实验测试和模型计算结果表明,溶氧浓度沿生物膜厚度方向均呈现出抛物线形的不均匀下降趋势,且当扩散系数为2.2×10–4 m2/s和渗流速度为6.0 mm/s时,测试结果和计算数值具有较好的吻合度。

小区生活污水回用SBR处理实验研究

较为系统的实验研究“厕所+淋浴盥洗”污水、“厨房”污水、“厕所+淋浴盥洗+厨房”污水以及“淋浴盥洗”污水等小区生活污水回用的处理工艺特性,提出SBR法最优的经济运行调控参数和不同水质生活污水适宜的回用处理技术。实验结果表明,该回用处理技术可有效去除污水中CODcr、BOD5、NH3-N、SS及LAS分别高达92%、97%、96%、98%及94%左右,出水达到中水回用标准(CJ/T95-2000),处理效果稳定。

DAF+MSBR联合法处理煤焦化废水实验研究

为了使焦化废水NH3-N能够达标排放,采用气浮法+改良式序列间歇反应器(DAF+MSBR)联合法处理榆林某焦化厂焦化废水。结果表明,进水CODcr平均质量浓度为1490 mg/L,NH3-N平均质量浓度为200 mg/L,挥发酚平均质量浓度为176 mg/L,CN平均质量浓度为17 mg/L,SS平均质量浓度为580 mg/L,DAF处理时间3 h,MSBR处理时间9 h。经DAF+MSBR法处理后,出水CODcr浓度为74.3 mg/L,NH3-N为10 mg/L,挥发酚为0.25 mg/L,CN为0.09 mg/L,SS为30 mg/L,去除率分别为93.8%、95%、99.8%、99.4%、95%,达到《炼焦化学工业污染物排放标准》排放标准。

SBR工艺脱氮研究

废水中氮的形态和含量取决于废水的来源与种类。氮排入水体会加速水体的富营养化过程,对水环境造成直接或间接的影响,降低水域的使用功能,甚至危害人类健康。SBR(Sequencing Batch Reactor)水处理技术,即序批式活性污泥法,是近年来在国内外引起广泛重视和研究日趋增多的一种废水处理工艺。本文在实验室和中试规模上对SBR工艺处理生活污水进行了系统研究,确定最佳工艺条件,使出水的主要污染物指标达到国家二级排放标准(GB8978-1996)。

规模化猪场粪污处理工艺研究

采用水解 -SBR -活性碳吸附工艺处理规模化猪场粪污 ,水解反应器停留时间 (HRT) 2 0h～ 6 0h ,CODCr去除 30 1 %～ 47 3% ,BOD5 去除 5 4 1 % ,SS去除 5 6 0 %～ 6 1 1 % ,TN去除 2 2 3% ,TP去除 5 5 3% ,NH4 N几乎没有去除。水解对CODCr的去除效率比沉淀高 1 7%。SBR停留时间 (HRT ) 1 0～ 1 4d ,CODCr、BOD5 、SS去除率分别为 5 2 1 %～ 82 1 %、 89 0 %～ 95 7%、 93 9%～97 3% ,但出水中仍残留相当数量的难降解CODCr。SBR对氮有较好的去除效果 ,TN去除率为 74 1 % ,特别是对高浓度NH4 N的去除 ,取得了相当好的结果 ,去除率达 97%以上。生化处理出水再经过活性碳吸附 ,接触时间 1 5分钟 ,CODCr、BOD5 、NH4 N、TN、TP去除率分别达 75 8%、 78 6 %、 1 2 8%、 2 0 3%、2 8 3%。经过该工艺处理 ,出水完全能达到《污水综合排放标准》 (GB8978-1 996 )

间歇式活性污泥法处理制革废水工程实例研究

介绍了由传统活性污泥法转换为间歇式活性污泥法处理制革废水的工程实践、运行工序及运行结果。转换后废水处理能力由 70 0m3/d提高到 12 0 0m3/d ,处理水达到国家排放标准。

水解酸化-序批式活性污泥法处理季戊四醇有机废水

在实验室研究的基础上 ,将水解酸化 序批式活性污泥 (HA SBR)处理工艺应用于季戊四醇生产废水治理工程中 ,运行结果表明 :CODCr去除率在 90 %以上 ,BOD5去除率在 85 %以上 ,所排废水各项指标达到国家排放标准。