INVESTIGATION OF BEHAVIOR OF AMMONIUM SULFATE ON SURFACE OF IRON OXIDE Rong Sheng LI~*, Jing Feng CHEN, Hun YANG, Wu Yang ZHANG Dept. of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130023,

hhen ammonium sulfate-iron oxide is treated below 573 K, ammonium sulfate can spontaneously desperse on the surface of iron oxide. Simultaneously ammonium sulfate decomposes to some extent. During or after the dispersion, sulfate ion can interact with Fe atom on the surface of iron oxide to form a sort of surface sulfato complex of Fe and thus is transformed from the isolated into the bidentately bound form. Above 573 K the sulfato complex of Fe will gradually decompose with a further increase in temperature.

Degradation of bisphenol A using electrochemical assistant Fe(II)-activated peroxydisulfate process

Degradation of bisphenol A（BPA） in aqueous solution using sulfate radicals was investigated using the Fe（II）-activated peroxydisulfate（PDS） process, electrochemical process, electrochemical process with 2.5 mmol/L Na2S2O8 without Fe（II）, and electrochemical assistant Fe（II）-activated PDS process. It was found that the electrochemical assistant Fe（II）-activated PDS process performed best in the degradation of BPA.The variables considered to influence the degradation efficiency of BPA were the initial concentration of Fe2 t, the initial concentration of Na2S2O8, and the current density. More than 97% of the BPA removals were achieved within 120 min under the optimum operational condition.The degradation of BPA was accompanied by the formation of phenol, hydroquinone, and small-molecule compounds such as succinic acid. The electron transfer was the principal step in the oxidation of BPA.

Distereoselective one-pot synthesis of pyrimidopyrimidines using sulfated tin oxide as a reusable catalyst:An extension of Biginelli-type reaction

The Biginelli-type compounds 4,5,8a-triarylhexahydropyrimido[4,5-d]pyrimidine-2,7（1H,3H）-diones were synthesized by a one-pot three-component reaction using sulfated tin oxide as a reusable catalyst. This method has the advantages of high yields, short reaction time, simple starting materials and reusability of catalyst for several times.

Effect of polysaccharide sulfate 916 on the production of nitric oxide in ECV3 04 cells induced by cytokines and H_2O_2

To investigate the effect of polysaccharide sulfate 916 (PS916) on the productio n of nitric oxide (NO) in ECV304 cells induced by tumor necrosis factor α (TNF α), interleukin 1β (IL 1β) and H 2O 2 in vitro Methods Production of NO in ECV304 cells was measured by the Griess method and the proli feration of cells was tested by the MTT method The activity of NO synthase was detected spectrophotometrically Results Production of NO in ECV304 cells decreased after treatment with 40?ng/ml IL 1 β and 40?ng/ml TNFα, but increased in the presence of H 2O 2 0 1?mmol/L PS916 significantly enhanced NO production in ECV304 cells in a dose depende nt manner in the TNFα and IL 1β treated groups and decreased it in the H 2O 2 treated group Proliferation of ECV304 cells was inhibited by TNFα and H 2O 2 and no effect was found in the IL 1β treated group PS916 increased the proliferation of cells treated with TNFα and H 2O 2 dose dependently In vitro, PS916 has no effect on the activity of NO synthase Conclusion PS916 has a protective effect on ECV304 cells exposed to IL 1β, TNFα and H 2 O 2

Effect of polysaccharide sulfate 916 on the production of nitric oxide in ECV3 04 cells induced by cytokines and H2O2

To investigate the effect of polysaccharide sulfate 916 (PS916) on the productio n of nitric oxide (NO) in ECV304 cells induced by tumor necrosis factor α (TNF α), interleukin 1β (IL 1β) and H 2O 2 in vitro Methods Production of NO in ECV304 cells was measured by the Griess method and the proli feration of cells was tested by the MTT method The activity of NO synthase was detected spectrophotometrically Results Production of NO in ECV304 cells decreased after treatment with 40?ng/ml IL 1 β and 40?ng/ml TNFα, but increased in the presence of H 2O 2 0 1?mmol/L PS916 significantly enhanced NO production in ECV304 cells in a dose depende nt manner in the TNFα and IL 1β treated groups and decreased it in the H 2O 2 treated group Proliferation of ECV304 cells was inhibited by TNFα and H 2O 2 and no effect was found in the IL 1β treated group PS916 increased the proliferation of cells treated with TNFα and H 2O 2 dose dependently In vitro, PS916 has no effect on the activity of NO synthase Conclusion PS916 has a protective effect on ECV304 cells exposed to IL 1β, TNFα and H 2 O 2

Biological conversion pathways of sulfate reduction ammonium oxidation in anammox consortia

For over two decades,sulfate reduction with ammonium oxidation(SRAO)had been reported from laboratory experiments.SRAO was considered an autotrophic process mediated by anammox bacteria,in which ammonium as electron donor was oxidized by the electron acceptor sulfate.This process had been attributed to observed transformations of nitrogenous and sulfiirous compounds in natural environments.Results obtained differed largely for the conversion mole ratios(ammonium/sulfate),and even the intermediate and final products of sulfate reduction.Thus,the hypothesis of biological conversion pathways of ammonium and sulfate in anammox consortia is implausible.In this study,continuous reactor experiments(with working volume of 3.8L)and batch tests were conducted under normal anaerobic(0.2<DO<0.5 mg/L)/strict anaerobic(DO<0.2 mg/L)conditions with different biomass proportions to verify the SRAO phenomena and identify possible pathways behind substrate conversion.Key findings were that SRAO occurred only in cases of high amounts of inoculant biomass under normal anaerobic condition,while absent under strict anaerobic conditions for same anammox consortia.Mass balance and stoichiometry were checked based on experimental results and the thermodynamics proposed by previous studies were critically discussed.Thus anammox bacteria do not possess the ability to oxidize ammonium with sulfate as electron acceptor and the assumed SRAO could,in fact,be a combination of aerobic ammonium oxidation,anammox and heterotrophic sulfate reduction processes.