In this paper,we investigate sufficient and necessary conditions such that generalized Forelli-Rudin type operators T_(λ,τ,k),S_(λ,τ,k),Q_(λ,τ,k)and R_(λ,τ,k)are bounded between Lebesgue type spaces.In order t...In this paper,we investigate sufficient and necessary conditions such that generalized Forelli-Rudin type operators T_(λ,τ,k),S_(λ,τ,k),Q_(λ,τ,k)and R_(λ,τ,k)are bounded between Lebesgue type spaces.In order to prove the main results,we first give some bidirectional estimates for several typical integrals.展开更多
Using Euler’s first-order explicit(EE)method and the peridynamic differential operator(PDDO)to discretize the time and internal crystal-size derivatives,respectively,the Euler’s first-order explicit method–peridyna...Using Euler’s first-order explicit(EE)method and the peridynamic differential operator(PDDO)to discretize the time and internal crystal-size derivatives,respectively,the Euler’s first-order explicit method–peridynamic differential operator(EE–PDDO)was obtained for solving the one-dimensional population balance equation in crystallization.Four different conditions during crystallization were studied:size-independent growth,sizedependent growth in a batch process,nucleation and size-independent growth,and nucleation and size-dependent growth in a continuous process.The high accuracy of the EE–PDDO method was confirmed by comparing it with the numerical results obtained using the second-order upwind and HR-van methods.The method is characterized by non-oscillation and high accuracy,especially in the discontinuous and sharp crystal size distribution.The stability of the EE–PDDO method,choice of weight function in the PDDO method,and optimal time step are also discussed.展开更多
Olbers’s paradox, known as the dark night paradox, is an argument in astrophysics that the darkness of the night sky conflicts with the assumption of an infinite and eternal static universe. Big-Bang theory was used ...Olbers’s paradox, known as the dark night paradox, is an argument in astrophysics that the darkness of the night sky conflicts with the assumption of an infinite and eternal static universe. Big-Bang theory was used to partially explain this paradox, while introducing new problems. Hereby, we propose a better theory, named Sun Matters Theory, to explain this paradox. Moreover, this unique theory supports and extended the Einstein’s static universe model proposed by Albert Einstein in 1917. Further, we proposed our new universe model, “Sun Model of Universe”. Based on the new model and novel theory, we generated innovative field equation by upgrading Einstein’s Field Equation through adding back the cosmological constant, introducing a new variable and modifying the gravitationally-related concepts. According to the Sun Model of Universe, the dark matter and dark energy comprise the so-called “Sun Matters”. The observed phenomenon like the red shift is explained as due to the interaction of ordinary light with Sun Matters leading to its energy and frequency decrease. In Sun Model, our big universe consists of many universes with ordinary matter at the core mixed and surrounded with the Sun Matters. In those universes, the laws of physics may be completely or partially different from that of our ordinary universe with parallel civilizations. The darkness of night can be easily explained as resulting from the interaction of light with the Sun Matters leading to the sharp decrease in the light intensity. Sun Matters also scatter the light from a star, which makes it shining as observed by Hubble. Further, there is a kind of Sun Matters named “Sun Waters”, surrounding every starts. When lights pass by the sun, the Sun Waters deflect the lights to bend the light path. According to the Sun Model, it is the light bent not the space bent that was proposed in the theory of relativities.展开更多
This paper explores the integration of Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) using virtual reality and smart glasses technology in food manufacturing. The study employs a thorough methodology, combining observational i...This paper explores the integration of Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) using virtual reality and smart glasses technology in food manufacturing. The study employs a thorough methodology, combining observational insights to develop a comprehensive SOP. Implementation at different firms resulted in significant improvements, reducing product waste and enhancing overall efficiency. The use of virtual reality further augments SOP adoption. The findings underscore SOPs’ transformative influence, offering a tangible solution to challenges in the food production sector. Recommendations include regular SOP reviews and ongoing training for sustained success. Different firms exemplify SOPs as indispensable tools for operational excellence.展开更多
Rectal prolapse associated with traumatic fecal incontinence is a rare clinical combination. This study was designed to assess Delorme's operation with sphincteroplasty as a surgical management of this combination in...Rectal prolapse associated with traumatic fecal incontinence is a rare clinical combination. This study was designed to assess Delorme's operation with sphincteroplasty as a surgical management of this combination in terms of recurrence and improvement of fecal incontinence. In this prospective study, we enrolled patients suffering from short, full-thickness rectal prolapse associated with traumatic fecal incontinence who had been admitted to Alexandria Main University Hospital during the period of May 2010-January 2013. Preoperative data including cause of trauma, duration of symptoms, results of anal manometry, and degree of fecal incontinence using Wexner score were collected from all patients. Delorme's procedure with overlap sphincteroplasty was done in all patients. Recurrence of prolapse and improvement of fecal incontinence were assessed after 1, 3, 6 and 12 months. The study included 13 patients aged (32±8.7) years, 9 females and 4 males. Cause of sphincteric injury included previous anal surgery in 7 patients and normal labor in 6 patients. Duration between sphinctefic injury and operation was (8.08±2.47) months. Preoperative Wexner's mean score was 16.07±3.4. Early postoperative complications included superficial wound infection (69.2%), minor wound dehiscence (61.5%), and postoperative bleeding (7.6%). Recurrence was detected in 1 patient at 6 month follow-up. Wexner's score showed significant improvement for all patients after 6 months (4.00±2.04). In conclusion, combination of Delorme's procedure and sphincteroplasty for treatment of patients with short complete rectal prolapse associated with traumatic fecal incontinence is a safe, effective surgical management with satisfactory results regarding anatomical and functional outcomes.展开更多
To evaluate the operation comfortability in the master-slave robotic minimally invasive surgery(MIS), an optimal function was built with two operation comfortability decided indices, i.e., the center distance and volu...To evaluate the operation comfortability in the master-slave robotic minimally invasive surgery(MIS), an optimal function was built with two operation comfortability decided indices, i.e., the center distance and volume contact ratio. Two verifying experiments on Phantom Desktop and Micro Hand S were conducted. Experimental results show that the operation effect at the optimal relative location is better than that at the random location, which means that the optimal function constructed in this paper is effective in optimizing the operation comfortability.展开更多
AIM:To establish a recording system with a direct view of the surgeon to supplement video recording under an operating microscope,which lacks information on the movement and position of the surgeon’s hands,and to fac...AIM:To establish a recording system with a direct view of the surgeon to supplement video recording under an operating microscope,which lacks information on the movement and position of the surgeon’s hands,and to facilitate the reproduction of a skilled surgeon’s technique by a surgeon in training.METHODS:A small camera was attached to the operating microscope with a custom adapter.Microscopic surgeon’s view and direct surgeon’s view through this new camera were recorded in the surgical recording system.Both movies were synchronized and analyzed how do surgeons handle the instruments.RESULTS:A small camera attached to the operating microscope allowed the surgeon’s hands motion to be recorded without interfering with the surgeon’s movements.Different surgeons used different methods to manipulate the ultrasound handpiece and the irrigation/aspiration device.Even in the simple paracentesis procedure,different surgeons used different methods.Surgeons-in-training were able to identify and improve their weaknesses by watching synchronized movies of their hand motions and microscopic view.CONCLUSION:Simultaneous recording the surgical field out of the operating microscopic view by a small camera set on the microscope is comprehensive and improves surgeons-in-training understanding and learning surgeries.展开更多
When one function is defined as a differential operation on another function, it’s often desirable to invert the definition, to effectively “undo” the differentiation. A Green’s function approach is often used to ...When one function is defined as a differential operation on another function, it’s often desirable to invert the definition, to effectively “undo” the differentiation. A Green’s function approach is often used to accomplish this, but variations on this theme exist, and we examine a few such variations. The mathematical analysis of is sought in the form if such an inverse operator exists, but physics is defined by both mathematical formula and ontological formalism, as I show for an example based on the Dirac equation. Finally, I contrast these “standard” approaches with a novel exact inverse operator for field equations.展开更多
An operational ocean circulation-surface wave coupled forecasting system for the seas off China and adjacent areas(OCFS-C) is developed based on parallelized circulation and wave models. It has been in operation sin...An operational ocean circulation-surface wave coupled forecasting system for the seas off China and adjacent areas(OCFS-C) is developed based on parallelized circulation and wave models. It has been in operation since November 1, 2007. In this paper we comprehensively present the simulation and verification of the system, whose distinguishing feature is that the wave-induced mixing is coupled in the circulation model. In particular, with nested technique the resolution in the China's seas has been updated to(1/24)° from the global model with(1/2)°resolution. Besides, daily remote sensing sea surface temperature(SST) data have been assimilated into the model to generate a hot restart field for OCFS-C. Moreover, inter-comparisons between forecasting and independent observational data are performed to evaluate the effectiveness of OCFS-C in upper-ocean quantities predictions, including SST, mixed layer depth(MLD) and subsurface temperature. Except in conventional statistical metrics, non-dimensional skill scores(SS) is also used to evaluate forecast skill. Observations from buoys and Argo profiles are used for lead time and real time validations, which give a large SS value(more than 0.90). Besides, prediction skill for the seasonal variation of SST is confirmed. Comparisons of subsurface temperatures with Argo profiles data indicate that OCFS-C has low skill in predicting subsurface temperatures between 100 m and 150 m. Nevertheless, inter-comparisons of MLD reveal that the MLD from model is shallower than that from Argo profiles by about 12 m, i.e., OCFS-C is successful and steady in MLD predictions. Validation of 1-d, 2-d and 3-d forecasting SST shows that our operational ocean circulation-surface wave coupled forecasting model has reasonable accuracy in the upper ocean.展开更多
In a long-term follow-up study (average, 6.5 years) of 112 feet (90 pa-tients) subjected to Keller’s operation for hallux valgus deformity, the author observed arelationship between Keller’s operation and the metata...In a long-term follow-up study (average, 6.5 years) of 112 feet (90 pa-tients) subjected to Keller’s operation for hallux valgus deformity, the author observed arelationship between Keller’s operation and the metatarsalgia which was located beneaththe central metatarsal heads. The data showed that the metatarsalgia developed or was ag-gravated in 26 feet (23%), and was eliminated or alleviated in 23 feet (21%) afterKeller’s operation. When more than one-third of the proximal phalanx of the big toe wasresected, the incidence of the metatarsalgia obviously increased following surgery. Theautho rpreferred a "Z" lengthening of the extensor hallucis longus tendon instead ofresecting excessive proximal phalanx. The total incidence of the metatarsalgia was 36%(40 feet) preoperatively and 38% (43 feet) postoperatively. This result indicated thatthere was no obvious difference in the incidence of the preoperative and postoperativemetatarsalgia. No more than one-third of the proximal phalanx of the big toe should beremoved. This seems to reduce the incidence of the metatarsalgia after Keller’s operation.After operation, the three princepal symptoms of hallux valgus deformity, painful bunionand difficulty in shoe-wearing were improved for more than 95% in the 112 feet.Eighty one% of the patients were satisfied with the result of the operation. We considerthat this method is one of the effective operation for correcting the hallux valgusdeformity and it is also important to select suitable patients.展开更多
The UN-led peacekeeping operation is a lodestar within the field of current international security.As an important example of her peaceful diplomacy,China has consistently and continuously supported the UN-led peaceke...The UN-led peacekeeping operation is a lodestar within the field of current international security.As an important example of her peaceful diplomacy,China has consistently and continuously supported the UN-led peacekeeping operations since 1998 when China joined the UN peacekeeping Operation Special Committee.The Chinese peacekeepers accomplished their UN-authorized missions successfully.With their impressive professionalism,high spirits,combat capabilities,and outstanding achievements,the Chinese peacekeepers have been highly acknowledged by the UN organizations,the host nations and the international media.展开更多
Both national and local governments have been paying great attention to the work of industrial standardization with the enormous increase in international trade after China joined WTO. According to the standards r... Both national and local governments have been paying great attention to the work of industrial standardization with the enormous increase in international trade after China joined WTO. According to the standards revising plan of Standardization Administration Committee of China (SAC),TC54 has already revised a series of national standards and industrial standards for foundry operations,and proposed some new ones. As a result,some old fashioned standards containing low-level techniques have been gradually discontinued or replaced with new versions.……展开更多
An experimental advanced superconducting tokamak (EAST) operation window with the lower hybrid current drive (LHCD) in H-mode is estimated by using a eore-SOL-divertor (C-S-D) model validated by the present EAST...An experimental advanced superconducting tokamak (EAST) operation window with the lower hybrid current drive (LHCD) in H-mode is estimated by using a eore-SOL-divertor (C-S-D) model validated by the present EAST divertor experiments. The operation window consists of four limits including two usual limits, one of which is the maximum allowable heat load onto the divertor plate, and two additional limits associated with the LHCD. The predictive EAST operation window is not qualified to fulfill its mission for high input power. To extend the operation window, gas puffing and impurity seeding are presented as two effective methods. In addition, the effect of the LHCD current on the operation window is also discussed. Our numerical analysis results provide a reference for the safe operation of EAST experiments with LHCD in future.展开更多
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province of China(2022JJ30369)the Education Department Important Foundation of Hunan Province in China(23A0095)。
文摘In this paper,we investigate sufficient and necessary conditions such that generalized Forelli-Rudin type operators T_(λ,τ,k),S_(λ,τ,k),Q_(λ,τ,k)and R_(λ,τ,k)are bounded between Lebesgue type spaces.In order to prove the main results,we first give some bidirectional estimates for several typical integrals.
文摘Using Euler’s first-order explicit(EE)method and the peridynamic differential operator(PDDO)to discretize the time and internal crystal-size derivatives,respectively,the Euler’s first-order explicit method–peridynamic differential operator(EE–PDDO)was obtained for solving the one-dimensional population balance equation in crystallization.Four different conditions during crystallization were studied:size-independent growth,sizedependent growth in a batch process,nucleation and size-independent growth,and nucleation and size-dependent growth in a continuous process.The high accuracy of the EE–PDDO method was confirmed by comparing it with the numerical results obtained using the second-order upwind and HR-van methods.The method is characterized by non-oscillation and high accuracy,especially in the discontinuous and sharp crystal size distribution.The stability of the EE–PDDO method,choice of weight function in the PDDO method,and optimal time step are also discussed.
文摘Olbers’s paradox, known as the dark night paradox, is an argument in astrophysics that the darkness of the night sky conflicts with the assumption of an infinite and eternal static universe. Big-Bang theory was used to partially explain this paradox, while introducing new problems. Hereby, we propose a better theory, named Sun Matters Theory, to explain this paradox. Moreover, this unique theory supports and extended the Einstein’s static universe model proposed by Albert Einstein in 1917. Further, we proposed our new universe model, “Sun Model of Universe”. Based on the new model and novel theory, we generated innovative field equation by upgrading Einstein’s Field Equation through adding back the cosmological constant, introducing a new variable and modifying the gravitationally-related concepts. According to the Sun Model of Universe, the dark matter and dark energy comprise the so-called “Sun Matters”. The observed phenomenon like the red shift is explained as due to the interaction of ordinary light with Sun Matters leading to its energy and frequency decrease. In Sun Model, our big universe consists of many universes with ordinary matter at the core mixed and surrounded with the Sun Matters. In those universes, the laws of physics may be completely or partially different from that of our ordinary universe with parallel civilizations. The darkness of night can be easily explained as resulting from the interaction of light with the Sun Matters leading to the sharp decrease in the light intensity. Sun Matters also scatter the light from a star, which makes it shining as observed by Hubble. Further, there is a kind of Sun Matters named “Sun Waters”, surrounding every starts. When lights pass by the sun, the Sun Waters deflect the lights to bend the light path. According to the Sun Model, it is the light bent not the space bent that was proposed in the theory of relativities.
文摘This paper explores the integration of Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) using virtual reality and smart glasses technology in food manufacturing. The study employs a thorough methodology, combining observational insights to develop a comprehensive SOP. Implementation at different firms resulted in significant improvements, reducing product waste and enhancing overall efficiency. The use of virtual reality further augments SOP adoption. The findings underscore SOPs’ transformative influence, offering a tangible solution to challenges in the food production sector. Recommendations include regular SOP reviews and ongoing training for sustained success. Different firms exemplify SOPs as indispensable tools for operational excellence.
文摘Rectal prolapse associated with traumatic fecal incontinence is a rare clinical combination. This study was designed to assess Delorme's operation with sphincteroplasty as a surgical management of this combination in terms of recurrence and improvement of fecal incontinence. In this prospective study, we enrolled patients suffering from short, full-thickness rectal prolapse associated with traumatic fecal incontinence who had been admitted to Alexandria Main University Hospital during the period of May 2010-January 2013. Preoperative data including cause of trauma, duration of symptoms, results of anal manometry, and degree of fecal incontinence using Wexner score were collected from all patients. Delorme's procedure with overlap sphincteroplasty was done in all patients. Recurrence of prolapse and improvement of fecal incontinence were assessed after 1, 3, 6 and 12 months. The study included 13 patients aged (32±8.7) years, 9 females and 4 males. Cause of sphincteric injury included previous anal surgery in 7 patients and normal labor in 6 patients. Duration between sphinctefic injury and operation was (8.08±2.47) months. Preoperative Wexner's mean score was 16.07±3.4. Early postoperative complications included superficial wound infection (69.2%), minor wound dehiscence (61.5%), and postoperative bleeding (7.6%). Recurrence was detected in 1 patient at 6 month follow-up. Wexner's score showed significant improvement for all patients after 6 months (4.00±2.04). In conclusion, combination of Delorme's procedure and sphincteroplasty for treatment of patients with short complete rectal prolapse associated with traumatic fecal incontinence is a safe, effective surgical management with satisfactory results regarding anatomical and functional outcomes.
基金Supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China("863" Program,No.2012AA02A606)the Research Project of State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration(MSV201412)
文摘To evaluate the operation comfortability in the master-slave robotic minimally invasive surgery(MIS), an optimal function was built with two operation comfortability decided indices, i.e., the center distance and volume contact ratio. Two verifying experiments on Phantom Desktop and Micro Hand S were conducted. Experimental results show that the operation effect at the optimal relative location is better than that at the random location, which means that the optimal function constructed in this paper is effective in optimizing the operation comfortability.
文摘AIM:To establish a recording system with a direct view of the surgeon to supplement video recording under an operating microscope,which lacks information on the movement and position of the surgeon’s hands,and to facilitate the reproduction of a skilled surgeon’s technique by a surgeon in training.METHODS:A small camera was attached to the operating microscope with a custom adapter.Microscopic surgeon’s view and direct surgeon’s view through this new camera were recorded in the surgical recording system.Both movies were synchronized and analyzed how do surgeons handle the instruments.RESULTS:A small camera attached to the operating microscope allowed the surgeon’s hands motion to be recorded without interfering with the surgeon’s movements.Different surgeons used different methods to manipulate the ultrasound handpiece and the irrigation/aspiration device.Even in the simple paracentesis procedure,different surgeons used different methods.Surgeons-in-training were able to identify and improve their weaknesses by watching synchronized movies of their hand motions and microscopic view.CONCLUSION:Simultaneous recording the surgical field out of the operating microscopic view by a small camera set on the microscope is comprehensive and improves surgeons-in-training understanding and learning surgeries.
文摘When one function is defined as a differential operation on another function, it’s often desirable to invert the definition, to effectively “undo” the differentiation. A Green’s function approach is often used to accomplish this, but variations on this theme exist, and we examine a few such variations. The mathematical analysis of is sought in the form if such an inverse operator exists, but physics is defined by both mathematical formula and ontological formalism, as I show for an example based on the Dirac equation. Finally, I contrast these “standard” approaches with a novel exact inverse operator for field equations.
基金China-Korea Cooperation Project on the development of oceanic monitoring and prediction system on nuclear safetythe Project of the National Programme on Global Change and Air-sea Interaction under contract No.GASI-03-IPOVAI-05
文摘An operational ocean circulation-surface wave coupled forecasting system for the seas off China and adjacent areas(OCFS-C) is developed based on parallelized circulation and wave models. It has been in operation since November 1, 2007. In this paper we comprehensively present the simulation and verification of the system, whose distinguishing feature is that the wave-induced mixing is coupled in the circulation model. In particular, with nested technique the resolution in the China's seas has been updated to(1/24)° from the global model with(1/2)°resolution. Besides, daily remote sensing sea surface temperature(SST) data have been assimilated into the model to generate a hot restart field for OCFS-C. Moreover, inter-comparisons between forecasting and independent observational data are performed to evaluate the effectiveness of OCFS-C in upper-ocean quantities predictions, including SST, mixed layer depth(MLD) and subsurface temperature. Except in conventional statistical metrics, non-dimensional skill scores(SS) is also used to evaluate forecast skill. Observations from buoys and Argo profiles are used for lead time and real time validations, which give a large SS value(more than 0.90). Besides, prediction skill for the seasonal variation of SST is confirmed. Comparisons of subsurface temperatures with Argo profiles data indicate that OCFS-C has low skill in predicting subsurface temperatures between 100 m and 150 m. Nevertheless, inter-comparisons of MLD reveal that the MLD from model is shallower than that from Argo profiles by about 12 m, i.e., OCFS-C is successful and steady in MLD predictions. Validation of 1-d, 2-d and 3-d forecasting SST shows that our operational ocean circulation-surface wave coupled forecasting model has reasonable accuracy in the upper ocean.
文摘In a long-term follow-up study (average, 6.5 years) of 112 feet (90 pa-tients) subjected to Keller’s operation for hallux valgus deformity, the author observed arelationship between Keller’s operation and the metatarsalgia which was located beneaththe central metatarsal heads. The data showed that the metatarsalgia developed or was ag-gravated in 26 feet (23%), and was eliminated or alleviated in 23 feet (21%) afterKeller’s operation. When more than one-third of the proximal phalanx of the big toe wasresected, the incidence of the metatarsalgia obviously increased following surgery. Theautho rpreferred a "Z" lengthening of the extensor hallucis longus tendon instead ofresecting excessive proximal phalanx. The total incidence of the metatarsalgia was 36%(40 feet) preoperatively and 38% (43 feet) postoperatively. This result indicated thatthere was no obvious difference in the incidence of the preoperative and postoperativemetatarsalgia. No more than one-third of the proximal phalanx of the big toe should beremoved. This seems to reduce the incidence of the metatarsalgia after Keller’s operation.After operation, the three princepal symptoms of hallux valgus deformity, painful bunionand difficulty in shoe-wearing were improved for more than 95% in the 112 feet.Eighty one% of the patients were satisfied with the result of the operation. We considerthat this method is one of the effective operation for correcting the hallux valgusdeformity and it is also important to select suitable patients.
文摘The UN-led peacekeeping operation is a lodestar within the field of current international security.As an important example of her peaceful diplomacy,China has consistently and continuously supported the UN-led peacekeeping operations since 1998 when China joined the UN peacekeeping Operation Special Committee.The Chinese peacekeepers accomplished their UN-authorized missions successfully.With their impressive professionalism,high spirits,combat capabilities,and outstanding achievements,the Chinese peacekeepers have been highly acknowledged by the UN organizations,the host nations and the international media.
文摘 Both national and local governments have been paying great attention to the work of industrial standardization with the enormous increase in international trade after China joined WTO. According to the standards revising plan of Standardization Administration Committee of China (SAC),TC54 has already revised a series of national standards and industrial standards for foundry operations,and proposed some new ones. As a result,some old fashioned standards containing low-level techniques have been gradually discontinued or replaced with new versions.……
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.11105176 and 11105224)
文摘An experimental advanced superconducting tokamak (EAST) operation window with the lower hybrid current drive (LHCD) in H-mode is estimated by using a eore-SOL-divertor (C-S-D) model validated by the present EAST divertor experiments. The operation window consists of four limits including two usual limits, one of which is the maximum allowable heat load onto the divertor plate, and two additional limits associated with the LHCD. The predictive EAST operation window is not qualified to fulfill its mission for high input power. To extend the operation window, gas puffing and impurity seeding are presented as two effective methods. In addition, the effect of the LHCD current on the operation window is also discussed. Our numerical analysis results provide a reference for the safe operation of EAST experiments with LHCD in future.