Jiu Ai Tu(The Moxa Treatment)from the Song dynasty is the earliest surviving painting that focuses on the subject of acupuncture and moxibustion.This paper takes the medical activities depicted in the artwork as its r...Jiu Ai Tu(The Moxa Treatment)from the Song dynasty is the earliest surviving painting that focuses on the subject of acupuncture and moxibustion.This paper takes the medical activities depicted in the artwork as its research object and systematically analyzes the external treatment methods for abscesses during the Song dynasty reflected in Jiu Ai Tu.By examining the understanding of abscesses during that period,the paper explores the level of development in external medicine techniques.By analyzing the medical awareness and behaviors of patients when facing such severe illnesses,it aims to explore the societal cognition and experiences regarding health and disease.The paper attempts to present the folk medical ecology of the Song dynasty represented by Jiu Ai Tu.展开更多
BACKGROUND Sunitinib,a multi-targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor(TKI),has been approved for the salvage treatment of gastrointestinal stromal tumors(GIST).Hyperammonemic encephalopathy is a rare but severe complication...BACKGROUND Sunitinib,a multi-targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor(TKI),has been approved for the salvage treatment of gastrointestinal stromal tumors(GIST).Hyperammonemic encephalopathy is a rare but severe complication of sunitinib use.Here,we present the case of a 66-year-old male with metastatic GIST without underlying liver cirrhosis who developed sunitinib-induced hyperammonemic encephalopathy.CASE SUMMARY A 66-year-old male with metastatic GIST was admitted because of reduced consciousness.Imatinib was administered as the first-line systemic therapy.He experienced repeated episodes of peritonitis due to tumor perforation,and surgery was performed.Progressive disease was confirmed based on increased liver metastasis,and sunitinib was initiated as a salvage treatment.However,23 d after the third course of sunitinib,he presented to the emergency room with an episode of altered consciousness and behavioral changes.Based on the patient clinical history and examination findings,sunitinib-induced encephalopathy was suspected.Sunitinib was discontinued,and the patient was treated for hyperammonemia.The patient had a normal level of consciousness four days later,and the serum ammonia level gradually decreased.No further neurological symptoms were reported in subsequent follow-ups.CONCLUSION TKI-induced hyperammonemic encephalopathy is potentially life-threatening.Patients receiving TKIs experiencing adverse reactions should undergo systemic evaluation and prompt treatment.展开更多
Objective:To determine the active components of Eupolyphaga sinensis Walker(Tu Bie Chong)and explore the mechanisms underlying its fracture-healing ability.Methods: A modified Einhorn method was used to develop a rat ...Objective:To determine the active components of Eupolyphaga sinensis Walker(Tu Bie Chong)and explore the mechanisms underlying its fracture-healing ability.Methods: A modified Einhorn method was used to develop a rat tibial fracture model.Progression of bone healing was assessed using radiological methods.Safranin O/fast green and CD31 immunohistochemical staining were performed to evaluate the growth of bone cells and angiogenesis at the fracture site.Methylthiazoletetrazolium blue and wound healing assays were used to analyze cell viability and migration.The Transwell assay was used to explore the invasion capacity of the cells.Tubule formation assays were used to assess the angiogenesis capacity of human vascular endothelial cells(HUVECs).qRT-PCR was used to evaluate the changes in gene transcription levels.Results: Tu Bie Chong fraction 3(TF3)significantly shortened the fracture healing time in model rats.X-ray results showed that on day 14,fracture healing in the TF3 treatment group was significantly better than that in the control group(P=.0086).Tissue staining showed that cartilage growth and the number of H-shaped blood vessels at the fracture site of the TF3 treatment group were better than those of the control group.In vitro,TF3 significantly promoted the proliferation and wound healing of MC3T3-E1s and HUVECs(all P<.01).Transwell assays showed that TF3 promoted the migration of HUVECs,but inhibited the migration of MC3T3-E1 cells.Tubule formation experiments confirmed that TF3 markedly promoted the ability of vascular endothelial cells to form microtubules.Gene expression analysis revealed that TF3 significantly promoted the expression of VEGFA,SPOCD1,NGF,and NGFR in HUVECs.In MC3T3-E1 cells,the transcript levels of RUNX2 and COL2A1 were significantly elevated following TF3 treatment.Conclusion: TF3 promotes fracture healing by promoting bone regeneration associated with the RUNX2 pathway and angiogenesis associated with the VEGFA pathway.展开更多
Gastrointestinal stromal tumor （GIST） represents the most common mesenchymal malignancy of the gastrointestinal （GI） tract. In neurofibromatosis （NF）, the increased incidence of tumor needs to be considered even...Gastrointestinal stromal tumor （GIST） represents the most common mesenchymal malignancy of the gastrointestinal （GI） tract. In neurofibromatosis （NF）, the increased incidence of tumor needs to be considered even in non-symptomatic individuals. Patients with neurofibromatosis NF type 1 have an increased risk of developing GI tumors including rare types such as GIST. We report a case of GIST in a 53-year-old male patient with neurofibromatosis. The patient was diagnosed with NF four years ago and his medical history revealed that he was hospitalized 5 times with a provisional diagnosis of massive lower gastrointestinal bleeding. GIST was diagnosed at explorative laparotomy and the tumor was 21 cm × 13 cm × 7 cm in size. Immunohistochemical examination showed that vimentin, actin and CDl17 were positive. Computerized tomography showed peritoneal implants three months later. Imatinib mesylate （600 mg/d） was initiated. However, control computerized tomography revealed liver and omental metastasis. The dosage was elevated to 800 mg/d. Despite high dosage, the progression of the metastatic lesions continued in the liver and omentum. The patient started oral sunitinib malate （Sutent~ Pfizer Inc, New York, NY, USA） 50 mg per day for 4 consecutive weeks, followed by 2 wk off per treatment cycle. The metastatic lesions in the liver and omentum were decreased in size after four courses, suggesting that sunitinib is also an effective treatment modality for metastatic GIST in NF patients.展开更多
The molecular targets of sunitinib are receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs),and this drug has also been known to exert blocking effects on the activation of KIT,which is similar to the mechanism of action of imatinib. Mor...The molecular targets of sunitinib are receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs),and this drug has also been known to exert blocking effects on the activation of KIT,which is similar to the mechanism of action of imatinib. Moreover,sunitinib has an additional anti-angiogenic effect through its inhibition of the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor activation. We report here a 70-year-old patient diagnosed with a recurrent gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST),which invaded the transverse colon and led to a perforation during sunitinib treatment. A computed tomography scan and 3-dimensional reconstruction showed necrosis of the recurrent hepatic mass and perforation of the invaded transverse colon. After percutaneous drainage of the intraperitoneal abscess,antibiotic treatment and restricted diet,the condition of the patient improved. The present case is the first to report that sunitinib,which is administered to treat GIST resistant to imatinib,can cause unexpected colon perforation and subsequent peritonitis.展开更多
Sunitinib malate is one of the multitargeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor,which are being used in clinic.It can inhibit more than 80 kinds of receptor`s tyrosine kinase,including epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR),p...Sunitinib malate is one of the multitargeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor,which are being used in clinic.It can inhibit more than 80 kinds of receptor`s tyrosine kinase,including epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR),platelet-derived growth factor receptors,vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFR),etc.And tyrosine kinase inhibitor is involved in connection with the generation and progression of many kinds of cancer including lung cancer.Several studies have evaluated the effect of Sunitinib on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC),by single agent,continuous daily dosing or in combination with chemotherapeutics (with docetaxel or gemcitabine plus cisplatin),which all showed certain effect.The test of Sunitinib in combination with gemcitabine plus cisplatin for advanced NSCLC shown that at the maximum tolerated dose:oral Sunitinib 37.5 mg/day intermittently (Schedule 2/1:2 weeks on treatment,1 week off treatment) schedule with intravenous infusions of gemcitabine (1000 mg/m2 days 1,8) and cisplatin (80 mg/m2 day 1),administered in 3-week cycles,66.7% patients achieved partial responses.And adverse effects were mild to moderate in severity (grades 1 to 2).Therapy was generally well tolerated.In summary,all the evidence above suggests that Sunitinib may play an important role in the treating of NSCLC.展开更多
Objective:To study the effect of sunitinib on renal cancer cell growth and invasion in vitro as well as Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.Methods: Renal cancer cell lines ACHN were cultured and processed with different...Objective:To study the effect of sunitinib on renal cancer cell growth and invasion in vitro as well as Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.Methods: Renal cancer cell lines ACHN were cultured and processed with different doses of sunitinib (1 μmol/L, 2 μmol/L, 4 μmol/L and 8 μmol/L), and sunitinib-free processing condition was used as negative control. 24 h after processing, the mRNA expression levels of apoptosis genes, invasion genes and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways in cells were detected.Results: 24 h after treatment, NPRL2, Bax, caspase-3 and caspase-9 mRNA expression in 1 μmol/L, 2 μmol/L, 4 μmol/L and 8 μmol/L sunitinib groups were significantly higher than those in negative control group while MMP2, MMP9, Vimentin, N-cadherin, Wnt andβ-catenin mRNA expression were significantly lower than those in negative control group;the higher the dose of sunitinib, the higher the NPRL2, Bax, caspase-3 and caspase-9 mRNA expression while the lower the MMP2, MMP9, Vimentin, N-cadherin, Wnt andβ-catenin mRNA expression in cells.Conclusion: Sunitinib can inhibit the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in renal cancer cells to increase the expression of apoptosis genes, inhibit the expression of invasion genes and thereby inhibit the cell growth and invasion.展开更多
Two sets of CCD photometric observations for contact binary TU Boo were obtained in 2020 and 2021.Different from its asymmetric light curves published from the literature,our BVRcIc-band curves show that the heights o...Two sets of CCD photometric observations for contact binary TU Boo were obtained in 2020 and 2021.Different from its asymmetric light curves published from the literature,our BVRcIc-band curves show that the heights of maximum are almost equal.These distortions of light curves possibly indicate that the components were active in past 25 yr,but they were stable in the last two years.For total-eclipse binary TU Boo,due to some star-spots on the surface of the components,the physical structure obtained by many investigators are different.Therefore,the symmetric multi-color light curves in 2020,2021 are important for understanding configuration and evolution of this system.By using the Wilson–Devinney program,it is confirmed that TU Boo is an A-type shallow-contact binary with the temperature difference ofΔT=152 K and fill-out of f=14.67%.In the O−C diagram of orbital period analysis,a cyclic oscillation superimposed on a continuous decrease was determined.The long-term decreasing is often explained by the mass transfer from the more massive star to less massive one,this system will evolve into a deeper contact binary with time.The cyclic oscillations computed from much more CCD times of light minimum maybe result from the light-travel time effect via the presence of a third body.These characters of structure,evolution and ternary belong to typical A-type W UMa binaries with spectral G.展开更多
基金financed from the grant of the National Social Science Foundation General Project(No.23BZS010)。
文摘Jiu Ai Tu(The Moxa Treatment)from the Song dynasty is the earliest surviving painting that focuses on the subject of acupuncture and moxibustion.This paper takes the medical activities depicted in the artwork as its research object and systematically analyzes the external treatment methods for abscesses during the Song dynasty reflected in Jiu Ai Tu.By examining the understanding of abscesses during that period,the paper explores the level of development in external medicine techniques.By analyzing the medical awareness and behaviors of patients when facing such severe illnesses,it aims to explore the societal cognition and experiences regarding health and disease.The paper attempts to present the folk medical ecology of the Song dynasty represented by Jiu Ai Tu.
文摘BACKGROUND Sunitinib,a multi-targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor(TKI),has been approved for the salvage treatment of gastrointestinal stromal tumors(GIST).Hyperammonemic encephalopathy is a rare but severe complication of sunitinib use.Here,we present the case of a 66-year-old male with metastatic GIST without underlying liver cirrhosis who developed sunitinib-induced hyperammonemic encephalopathy.CASE SUMMARY A 66-year-old male with metastatic GIST was admitted because of reduced consciousness.Imatinib was administered as the first-line systemic therapy.He experienced repeated episodes of peritonitis due to tumor perforation,and surgery was performed.Progressive disease was confirmed based on increased liver metastasis,and sunitinib was initiated as a salvage treatment.However,23 d after the third course of sunitinib,he presented to the emergency room with an episode of altered consciousness and behavioral changes.Based on the patient clinical history and examination findings,sunitinib-induced encephalopathy was suspected.Sunitinib was discontinued,and the patient was treated for hyperammonemia.The patient had a normal level of consciousness four days later,and the serum ammonia level gradually decreased.No further neurological symptoms were reported in subsequent follow-ups.CONCLUSION TKI-induced hyperammonemic encephalopathy is potentially life-threatening.Patients receiving TKIs experiencing adverse reactions should undergo systemic evaluation and prompt treatment.
基金supported by“the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities”(2020-JYB-ZDGG-054)“Beijing university of Chinese medicine XINAO Award Fund”(2019)Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Scientific Research and Development Fund(2170072220002).
文摘Objective:To determine the active components of Eupolyphaga sinensis Walker(Tu Bie Chong)and explore the mechanisms underlying its fracture-healing ability.Methods: A modified Einhorn method was used to develop a rat tibial fracture model.Progression of bone healing was assessed using radiological methods.Safranin O/fast green and CD31 immunohistochemical staining were performed to evaluate the growth of bone cells and angiogenesis at the fracture site.Methylthiazoletetrazolium blue and wound healing assays were used to analyze cell viability and migration.The Transwell assay was used to explore the invasion capacity of the cells.Tubule formation assays were used to assess the angiogenesis capacity of human vascular endothelial cells(HUVECs).qRT-PCR was used to evaluate the changes in gene transcription levels.Results: Tu Bie Chong fraction 3(TF3)significantly shortened the fracture healing time in model rats.X-ray results showed that on day 14,fracture healing in the TF3 treatment group was significantly better than that in the control group(P=.0086).Tissue staining showed that cartilage growth and the number of H-shaped blood vessels at the fracture site of the TF3 treatment group were better than those of the control group.In vitro,TF3 significantly promoted the proliferation and wound healing of MC3T3-E1s and HUVECs(all P<.01).Transwell assays showed that TF3 promoted the migration of HUVECs,but inhibited the migration of MC3T3-E1 cells.Tubule formation experiments confirmed that TF3 markedly promoted the ability of vascular endothelial cells to form microtubules.Gene expression analysis revealed that TF3 significantly promoted the expression of VEGFA,SPOCD1,NGF,and NGFR in HUVECs.In MC3T3-E1 cells,the transcript levels of RUNX2 and COL2A1 were significantly elevated following TF3 treatment.Conclusion: TF3 promotes fracture healing by promoting bone regeneration associated with the RUNX2 pathway and angiogenesis associated with the VEGFA pathway.
文摘Gastrointestinal stromal tumor （GIST） represents the most common mesenchymal malignancy of the gastrointestinal （GI） tract. In neurofibromatosis （NF）, the increased incidence of tumor needs to be considered even in non-symptomatic individuals. Patients with neurofibromatosis NF type 1 have an increased risk of developing GI tumors including rare types such as GIST. We report a case of GIST in a 53-year-old male patient with neurofibromatosis. The patient was diagnosed with NF four years ago and his medical history revealed that he was hospitalized 5 times with a provisional diagnosis of massive lower gastrointestinal bleeding. GIST was diagnosed at explorative laparotomy and the tumor was 21 cm × 13 cm × 7 cm in size. Immunohistochemical examination showed that vimentin, actin and CDl17 were positive. Computerized tomography showed peritoneal implants three months later. Imatinib mesylate （600 mg/d） was initiated. However, control computerized tomography revealed liver and omental metastasis. The dosage was elevated to 800 mg/d. Despite high dosage, the progression of the metastatic lesions continued in the liver and omentum. The patient started oral sunitinib malate （Sutent~ Pfizer Inc, New York, NY, USA） 50 mg per day for 4 consecutive weeks, followed by 2 wk off per treatment cycle. The metastatic lesions in the liver and omentum were decreased in size after four courses, suggesting that sunitinib is also an effective treatment modality for metastatic GIST in NF patients.
文摘The molecular targets of sunitinib are receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs),and this drug has also been known to exert blocking effects on the activation of KIT,which is similar to the mechanism of action of imatinib. Moreover,sunitinib has an additional anti-angiogenic effect through its inhibition of the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor activation. We report here a 70-year-old patient diagnosed with a recurrent gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST),which invaded the transverse colon and led to a perforation during sunitinib treatment. A computed tomography scan and 3-dimensional reconstruction showed necrosis of the recurrent hepatic mass and perforation of the invaded transverse colon. After percutaneous drainage of the intraperitoneal abscess,antibiotic treatment and restricted diet,the condition of the patient improved. The present case is the first to report that sunitinib,which is administered to treat GIST resistant to imatinib,can cause unexpected colon perforation and subsequent peritonitis.
文摘Sunitinib malate is one of the multitargeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor,which are being used in clinic.It can inhibit more than 80 kinds of receptor`s tyrosine kinase,including epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR),platelet-derived growth factor receptors,vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFR),etc.And tyrosine kinase inhibitor is involved in connection with the generation and progression of many kinds of cancer including lung cancer.Several studies have evaluated the effect of Sunitinib on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC),by single agent,continuous daily dosing or in combination with chemotherapeutics (with docetaxel or gemcitabine plus cisplatin),which all showed certain effect.The test of Sunitinib in combination with gemcitabine plus cisplatin for advanced NSCLC shown that at the maximum tolerated dose:oral Sunitinib 37.5 mg/day intermittently (Schedule 2/1:2 weeks on treatment,1 week off treatment) schedule with intravenous infusions of gemcitabine (1000 mg/m2 days 1,8) and cisplatin (80 mg/m2 day 1),administered in 3-week cycles,66.7% patients achieved partial responses.And adverse effects were mild to moderate in severity (grades 1 to 2).Therapy was generally well tolerated.In summary,all the evidence above suggests that Sunitinib may play an important role in the treating of NSCLC.
文摘Objective:To study the effect of sunitinib on renal cancer cell growth and invasion in vitro as well as Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.Methods: Renal cancer cell lines ACHN were cultured and processed with different doses of sunitinib (1 μmol/L, 2 μmol/L, 4 μmol/L and 8 μmol/L), and sunitinib-free processing condition was used as negative control. 24 h after processing, the mRNA expression levels of apoptosis genes, invasion genes and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways in cells were detected.Results: 24 h after treatment, NPRL2, Bax, caspase-3 and caspase-9 mRNA expression in 1 μmol/L, 2 μmol/L, 4 μmol/L and 8 μmol/L sunitinib groups were significantly higher than those in negative control group while MMP2, MMP9, Vimentin, N-cadherin, Wnt andβ-catenin mRNA expression were significantly lower than those in negative control group;the higher the dose of sunitinib, the higher the NPRL2, Bax, caspase-3 and caspase-9 mRNA expression while the lower the MMP2, MMP9, Vimentin, N-cadherin, Wnt andβ-catenin mRNA expression in cells.Conclusion: Sunitinib can inhibit the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in renal cancer cells to increase the expression of apoptosis genes, inhibit the expression of invasion genes and thereby inhibit the cell growth and invasion.
基金sponsored by Natural Science Foundation of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (No.2022DO1A164)the Joint Research Found (No.U1831109)in Astronomy under cooperative agreement between the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC)and Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (No.ZR2020QA048)。
文摘Two sets of CCD photometric observations for contact binary TU Boo were obtained in 2020 and 2021.Different from its asymmetric light curves published from the literature,our BVRcIc-band curves show that the heights of maximum are almost equal.These distortions of light curves possibly indicate that the components were active in past 25 yr,but they were stable in the last two years.For total-eclipse binary TU Boo,due to some star-spots on the surface of the components,the physical structure obtained by many investigators are different.Therefore,the symmetric multi-color light curves in 2020,2021 are important for understanding configuration and evolution of this system.By using the Wilson–Devinney program,it is confirmed that TU Boo is an A-type shallow-contact binary with the temperature difference ofΔT=152 K and fill-out of f=14.67%.In the O−C diagram of orbital period analysis,a cyclic oscillation superimposed on a continuous decrease was determined.The long-term decreasing is often explained by the mass transfer from the more massive star to less massive one,this system will evolve into a deeper contact binary with time.The cyclic oscillations computed from much more CCD times of light minimum maybe result from the light-travel time effect via the presence of a third body.These characters of structure,evolution and ternary belong to typical A-type W UMa binaries with spectral G.
