Influence of Horizontal Flow on Atrium in High-Rise Residential Building

In this study a 10-storied residential building model was employed to clarify the ventilation characteristics of the atrium and the rooms,which were effected by the different forms of lateral openings.The experiment was conducted under the combined effect of wind force and thermal buoyancy,and the similarity requirements were satisfied.The results have shown that the different forms of lateral openings cause the different ventilation effect of the building,and also have some certain regularity.The conclusions provide a theoretical foundation for how to use the ventilation of atrium better in high-rise residential building.

High-Rise Residential Reinforced Concrete Building Optimisation

In the last few decades structure optimisation has become a main task in a civil engineering project. As a matter of fact, due to the complexity and particularity of every structure, the great amount of variables and design criteria to considerate and many other factors, a general optimisation’s method is not simple to formulate. As a result, this paper focuses on how to provide a successful optimisation method for a particular building type, high-rise reinforced concrete buildings. The optimization method is based on decomposition of the main structure into substructures: floor system, vertical load resisting system, lateral load resisting system and foundation system;then each of the subsystems using the design criteria established at the building codes is improved. Due to the effect of the superstructure optimisation on the foundation system, vertical and lateral load resisting system is the last to be considered after the improvement of floor. Finally, as a case example, using the method explained in the paper, a 30-story-high high-rise residential building complex is analysed and optimised, achieving good results in terms of structural behaviour and diminishing the overall cost of the structure.

Dynamic response characteristics of super high-rise buildings subjected to long-period ground motions

Spectrum characteristics of different types of seismic waves and dynamic response characteristics of super high-rise building structures under long-period ground motions were comparatively analyzed. First, the ground response wave （named LS-R wave） of a soft soil site with deep deposit, taking long-period bedrock seismic record as input, was calculated by wave propagation method. After that, a TOMAKOMAI station long-period seismic record from the Tokachi-Oki earthquake and conventional E1-Centro wave were also chosen. Spectrum characteristics of these waves were analyzed and compared. Then, a series of shaking table tests were performed on a 1：50 scale super high-rise structural model under these seismic waves. Furthermore, numerical simulation of the prototype structure under these excitations was conducted, and structure damages under different intensive ground motions were discussed. The results show that： 1） Spectrum characteristics of ground response wave are significantly influenced by soft soil site with deep deposit, and the predominant period has an increasing trend. 2） The maximum acceleration amplification factor of the structure under the TOM wave is two times that under the E1-Centro wave; while the maximum displacement response of the structure under the TOM wave is 4.4 times that under the E1-Centro wave. Long-period ground motions show greater influences on displacement responses than acceleration responses for super high-rise building structures. 3） Most inelastic damage occurs at the upper 1/3 part of the super high-rise building when subjected to long-period ground motions.

Effects of high modes on the wind-induced response of super high-rise buildings

For super high-rise buildings, the vibration period of the basic mode is several seconds, and it is very close to the period of the fluctuating wind. The damping of super high-rise buildings is low, so super high-rise buildings are very sensitive to fluctuating wind. The wind load is one of the key loads in the design of super high-rise buildings. It is known that only the basic mode is needed in the wind-response analysis of tall buildings. However, for super high-rise buildings, especially for the acceleration response, because of the frequency amplification of the high modes, the high modes and the mode coupling may need to be considered. Three typical super high-rise projects with the SMPSS in wind tunnel tests and the random vibration theory method were used to analyze the effect of high modes on the wind-induced response. The conclusions can be drawn as follows. First, for the displacement response, the basic mode is dominant, and the high modes can be neglected. Second, for the acceleration response, the high modes and the mode coupling should be considered. Lastly, the strain energy of modes can only give the vibration energy distribution of the high-rise building, and it cannot describe the local wind-induced vibration of high-rise buildings, especially for the top acceleration response.

Discussion on the Construction of Anti-smoke Construction Technology in Super High-rise Buildings

In recent years with the increasing number of super high-rise buildings and the ever-expanding scale the anti-smoke construction technology has attracted more and more attention.Based on this situation,this paper analyzes the smoke control technology of super high-rise buildings.The paper analyzes the importance of the application of anti-smoke construction technology in super high-rise buildings,analyzes the problems in the construction of smoke control and super high-rise buildings.The anti-smoke construction technology was studied and I hope that it can benefit the application of anti-smoke construction technology in high-rise buildings.

The mathematical model of kitchen smoke exhaust system in high-rise residential buildings considering the Influence of Stack effect

In high-rise buildings with large indoor and outdoor temperature difference,neglecting the effect of stack effect in smoke exhaust shafts may cause calculation error of the fluid network model.In this paper,the mathematical model of kitchen smoke exhaust system considering the influence of stack effect was put forward and it can be inserted different range hood sub-models.Compared with the results of six working conditions of the model without considering the stack effect,the error of the proposed model were reduced by 7.6%,4.3%,4.1%,2.8%,2.4%,and 2.1%.While the indoor and outdoor temperature difference varies from−5℃ to 49℃,the effect of stack effect on the pressure in the flue and the flow rate for each user was studied for six operating rates s.The results show that under the combined effect of stack effect and flue resistance,the static pressure of the kitchen smoke exhaust system showed a low-high-low distribution,and the maximum static pressure in the flue moved toward the bottom with the increase of temperature difference.User flow rates exhibit a low-high-low-high distribution,with an increased flow rate in the bottom users and the largest flow rate in the top users.

Impact of window and air-conditioner operation behaviour on cooling load in high-rise residential buildings

Space cooling is an important building energy end-use that was found in recent years to be significantly impacted by occupant behaviours.However,the majority of previous studies ignored the interplay between the operation of windows and air conditioners(ACs)on cooling load,particularly in building energy modelling.In addition,studies on the analysis of cooling load characteristics regarding high-rise buildings are insufficient.The vertical effect of high-rise buildings on cooling load remains vague.This study thus aims to examine how window and AC operation behaviours impact the cooling load of high-rise buildings in an urban context demonstrated by a real-life typical 40-floor residential building in Hong Kong.This study investigates window and AC operation behaviours jointly and examines the vertical effect on cooling load by using agent-based building energy modelling(BEM)techniques and initiating stochastic and diverse behaviour modes.A carefully designed questionnaire survey was conducted to help build behaviour modes and validate energy models.Ninety building energy models were established integrating meteorological parameters generated by the computational fluid dynamics(CFD)programme for ten typical floors and nine combinations of window and AC behaviour modes.The results show that comfort-based AC modes and schedule-based window modes yielded the lowest cooling load.Considering the combined effect of AC and window uses,the maximum difference in cooling loads could be 26.8%.Behaviour modes and building height induce up to 32.4%differences in cooling loads.Besides,a deviation between the behaviour modes and height on the cooling load was found.The findings will help develop a thorough energy model inferring occupants’window and AC behaviour modes along with the building height in high-rise residential buildings.The findings indicate that the interaction impact of window and AC behaviour modes and height should be jointly considered in future high-rise building energy modelling,building energy standards,and policymaking.

Resident's Floor Level Preference in High-Rise Residential Buildings in China:A Case Study of Shijiazhuang City,Hebei Province

With the constant advance of global urbanization and aggravation of urban construction land scarcity,high-rise residential buildings have become one of the main carriers of urban residential function on account of both land saving and large housing requirement.However,relevant studies on consumers' floor selection preference in high-rise residential buildings,regarding what inherent and regular features and causes it has,are still insufficient,despite that related issues have important practical significance for real estate developers and designers' decision making in terms of dwelling size ratio,floor area,indoor layout,and so on.This study,based on systematic examination of existing domestic and international researches,seeks to make empirical tests and generalization on the above issues from the aspect of "utility function"(safety,comfortableness,accessibility and economic efficiency) of the living environment that impacted by different floor levels,and floor selection features regarding consumers' social and family structure attributes,as well as the intrinsic correlation between them.The results show the existence of floor level preference in high-rise residential buildings.Its essence is a personalized characterization of consumers' social and family structures' attributes in selecting the "utility function" of the living environment,as the preference value differs under various attributes including gender,age,income,family members and others.

Discussion on the Application of an Interlayer Ventilation Channel in Buildings

Good natural ventilation is the basic function of residential buildings in hot summer and cold winter areas. The intensive use of urban land makes high-rise residential units adopt a large number of multi-household layouts, and the middle households are often difficult to penetrate from north and south, and the natural ventilation effect is not good. The application of a utility model patent "building interlayer ventilation channel" can improve this situation. This paper mainly introduced the basic form and functional characteristics of the patent, and discussed its advantages in detail.

Collapse simulation of a super high-rise building subjected to extremely strong earthquakes

In recent years, super high-rise buildings (>500 m) are developing very quickly and become an important frontier of civil engineering. The collapse resistance of super high-rise buildings subjected to extremely strong earthquake is a critical problem that must be intensively studied. This paper builds up a nonlinear finite element model of the tallest building in China, Shang- hai Tower (632 m), and proposes the modeling method and failure criteria for different structural elements. The dynamic char- acters of this building are then analyzed, and the possible failure modes and collapse processes due to earthquakes are pre- dicted, as well as the corresponding collapse mechanism. This work will be helpful in collapse prevention and the seismic design of super high-rise buildings.

An improved ground motion intensity measure for super high-rise buildings

Ground motion intensity measure (IM) is an important part in performance-based seismic design. A reasonable and efficient IM can make the prediction of the structural seismic responses more accurate. Therefore, a more reasonable IM for super high-rise buildings is proposed in this paper. This IM takes into account the significant characteristic that higher-order vibration modes play important roles in the seismic response of super high-rise buildings, as well as the advantages of some existing IMs. The key parameter of the proposed IM is calibrated using a series of time-history analyses. The collapse simulations of two super high-rise buildings are used to discuss the suitability of the proposed IM and some other existing IMs. The results indicate that the proposed IM yields a smaller coefficient of variation for the critical collapse status than other existing IMs and performs well in reflecting the contribution of higher-order vibration modes to the structural response. Hence, the proposed IM is more applicable to seismic design for super high-rise buildings than other IMs.

高层住宅建筑深基坑开挖井点降水施工技术研究

现阶段井点降水施工中,降水井的水位可能会出现不稳定情况,影响深基坑降水效果。因此,针对高层住宅建筑深基坑开挖井点降水施工技术展开研究。设计一种轻型井点降水方案,该方案选用250QJ140-30-22型水泵作为降水设备,基于水泵的扬程特性进行匹配。通过开挖降水井、下泵抽水等作业步骤实现降水井的降水运行,最后进行封井,完成超高层住宅建筑复合深基坑开挖井点降水施工。结果显示,降水井最终水位降深达6.60 m,大于地下水位设计的降深要求,达到预期的降水效果。

武汉某超高层住宅风荷载设计及风洞试验对比分析

对于高度超过150m且高宽比较大以及结构深宽比超过2的超高层建筑,由于《建筑结构荷载规范》(GB 50009—2012)对该类建筑的横风向风荷载计算缺乏相应的规定,因此荷载规范要求宜采用风洞试验进行补充验算。本项目采用目前国内外广泛应用的高频测力天平技术对武汉某183m高超高层剪力墙结构住宅建筑的模型进行了风洞试验,分析了结构的风振响应,并给出了该建筑物在不同风向角的风荷载作用下产生的基底反力和顶部加速度。将试验等效风荷载结果与按照荷载规范公式计算得到的结果进行对比分析,指出按照荷载规范公式进行结构抗风设计可能存在的问题,在结构设计中必要时可采用风洞试验对荷载规范进行补充验算以保证结构抗风设计的安全性。

某超高层住宅建筑节能设计

当今社会,能源短缺和环境污染已成为全球性难题。超高层住宅建筑作为城市化进程的产物,其能耗占比较高。城市中高层住宅的建筑数量也在不断增加。然而,能源的紧张和环境污染等问题也日益严重,要求高层住宅在建筑设计中充分考虑节能问题。能源短缺和环境污染已成为全球性难题。超高层住宅建筑作为城市化进程的产物,其能耗占比较高。因此,以超高层住宅建筑节能设计为研究对象,探讨了超高层住宅建筑节能设计的原则、方法、技术等方面,旨在为节能设计提供一些新的思路和对策。

深圳某240m超高层住宅风振舒适度控制及敏感性分析

深业世纪山谷花园项目为结构高度为240m的超高层钢筋混凝土剪力墙结构住宅,通过在避难层设置套索阻尼器方案可有效降低其顶点(角点)加速度,满足风振舒适度要求。针对套索阻尼器设置在不同楼层、不同的阻尼系数、阻尼指数对风振舒适度的影响进行了敏感性分析;对剪力墙结构因存在主体结构弯曲变形、徐变及套索阻尼器销轴连接间隙、转动、摩擦等对阻尼器性能的不利影响,采用附加阻尼法进行补充分析;针对阻尼器在风振作用时出力、行程离散性较大特点,进行了个别阻尼器失效的影响分析。同时,考虑了阻尼器支撑体系的刚度及耐久性,计算结果均满足现行规范及结构安全性要求。

超高层住宅楼铝合金模板及预制叠合板结合处的接缝处理

为解决超高层住宅楼施工中,由于铝合金模板及预制叠合板的结合施工,导致钢筋绑扎、混凝土成形质量、结构板厚控制等方面存在的诸多不利因素,以实际项目为例,从实际施工过程中产生的施工难题,反推设计,在设计深化阶段提前解决,同时优化施工工艺,顺利完成了施工,总结的经验可供类似工程参考。

井道式施工升降机在超高层住宅施工中的应用

房屋建筑施工过程多采用施工升降机负责垂直运输,达到载人、载物至作业面的目的。现常用的其他施工升降机存在安全性欠佳等问题,且需在外立面留施工洞,收尾和楼层进出防护量大并有外墙渗漏隐患。经对比研究和分析,提出并应用井道式施工升降机这一新型的垂直运输设备,从而更好地取得安全、经济、社会、节能等效益,可供建设项目借鉴。

住宅小区中暖通空调的设计与应用——以超高层建筑为例

暖通空调是住宅小区中不可或缺的一部分,暖通空调是一种以对室内进行温度、湿度调节为目的的设备,它通过对建筑的热、湿环境进行调节,从而为居民提供一个舒适的居住环境。本文以实际住宅小区为例,对住宅小区建筑室内外空调系统参数进行设计,并从多个方面分析了住宅小区暖通空调系统设计要点,并在此基础上对超低能耗居住建筑暖通空调系统应用方案的能耗和经济性进行了对比分析。

滨水地区超高层住宅设计策略研究

本文基于滨水地区的土地价值高昂、景观资源集中的价值属性,针对城市滨水地区超高层住宅的自身特点,结合国内外已建成的案例,从景观设计、空间设计、户型设计、造型设计等四个方面,提出了滨水超高层住宅应当发挥景观优势、平衡城区空间、展示水岸形象等三个方面的设计策略,意在推动我国滨水超高层住宅的建设、实现城市滨水空间可持续发展、提高滨水城市的品质。

超高层住宅建筑给水管道设计及其BIM技术的应用

随着智慧城市的建设,在超高层建筑给水设计的水量、水质、水压的安全性设计等提出了更高的要求。论文结合应用BIM技术、工程案例,进行了综合分析,为智慧城市中超高层住宅建筑给水的管道设计提供借鉴。