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Micro defects formation and dynamic response analysis of steel plate of quasi-cracking area subjected to explosive load
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作者 Zheng-qing Zhou Ze-chen Du +5 位作者 Xiao Wang Hui-ling Jiang Qiang Zhou Yu-long Zhang Yu-zhe Liu Pei-ze Zhang 《Defence Technology(防务技术)》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第1期580-593,共14页
As the protective component,steel plate had attracted extensive attention because of frequently threats of explosive loads.In this paper,the evolution of microstructure and the mechanism of damage in the quasi-crackin... As the protective component,steel plate had attracted extensive attention because of frequently threats of explosive loads.In this paper,the evolution of microstructure and the mechanism of damage in the quasi-cracking area of steel plate subjected to explosive load were discussed and the relationships between micro defects and dynamic mechanical response were revealed.After the explosion experiment,five observation points were selected equidistant from the quasi-cracking area of the section of the steel plate along the thickness direction,and the characteristics of micro defects at the observation points were analyzed by optical microscope(OM),scanning electron microscope(SEM) and electron backscattered diffraction(EBSD).The observation result shows that many slip bands(SBs) appeared,and the grain orientation changed obviously in the steel plate,the two were the main damage types of micro defects.In addition,cracks,peeling pits,grooves and other lager micro defects were appeared in the lower area of the plate.The stress parameters of the observation points were obtained through an effective numerical model.The mechanism of damage generation and crack propagation in the quasicracking area were clarified by comparing the specific impulse of each observation point with the corresponding micro defects.The result shows that the generation and expansion of micro defects are related to the stress area(i.e.the upper compression area,the neutral plane area,and the lower tension area).The micro defects gather and expand at the grain boundary,and will become macroscopic damage under the continuous action of tensile stress.Besides,the micro defects at the midpoint of the section of the steel plate in the direction away from the explosion center(i.e.the horizontal direction) were also studied.It was found that the specific impulse at these positions were much smaller than that in the thickness direction,the micro defects were only SBs and a few micro cracks,and the those decreased with the increase of the distance from the explosion center. 展开更多
关键词 Explosive load Quasi-cracking area Micro defects steel plate Dynamic response Numerical simulation
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Constitutive Behavior of the Interface between UHPC and Steel Plate without Shear Connector:From Experimental to Numerical Study
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作者 Zihan Wang Boshan Zhang +2 位作者 Hui Wang Qing Ai Xingchun Huang 《Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences》 SCIE EI 2024年第8期1863-1888,共26页
The application of ultra-high performance concrete(UHPC)as a covering layer for steel bridge decks has gained widespread popularity.By employing a connection without a shear connector between the steel plate and UHPC,... The application of ultra-high performance concrete(UHPC)as a covering layer for steel bridge decks has gained widespread popularity.By employing a connection without a shear connector between the steel plate and UHPC,namely,the sandblasted interface and the epoxy adhesive with sprinkled basalt aggregate interface,the installation cannot only be simplified but also the stress concentration resulting from the welded shear connectors can be eliminated.This study develops constitutive models for these two interfaces without shear connectors,based on the interfacial pull-off and push-out tests.For validation,three-point bending tests on the steel-UHPC composite plates are conducted.The results indicated that the proposed bilinear traction-separation model for the sandblasted interface and the trapezoidal traction-separation model for the epoxy adhesive with sprinkled basalt aggregate interface can generally calibrate the interfacial behavior.However,the utilization of the experimentally determined pure shear strength underestimates the load-carrying capacity of the composite plates in the case of three-point bending tests.By recalling the Mohr-Coulomb criterion,this underestimation is attributed to the enhancement of the interface shear strength by the presence of normal stress. 展开更多
关键词 Cohesive zone model interfacial behavior finite element simulation UHPC steel plate
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Corrosion Test of the Steel Plate in a WJ-8 Fastener for High Speed Rail
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作者 Zhiyong Wang Zhiping Zeng Hualiang (Harry) Teng 《Journal of Transportation Technologies》 2024年第1期16-30,共15页
It was found that the steel plate in the composite plate in the WJ-8 fastener used in high speed rail is rusty. The objective of this study is to test the zinc coating of the steel plate. A literature review was condu... It was found that the steel plate in the composite plate in the WJ-8 fastener used in high speed rail is rusty. The objective of this study is to test the zinc coating of the steel plate. A literature review was conducted to identify the zinc coating techniques, and the companies that can provide different coating service was identified. A salt fog chamber was built that was in compliance with the ANSI B117 code, and the steel plates that were coated by the identified companies were tested using the salt fog chamber. The results indicated that the coating technique that had the best performance in preventing corrosion was the Greenkote plates with passivation. The galvanized option had the roughest coating layer, and it was the most reactive in the salt water solution. This makes it non-ideal for the dynamic rail environment because the increased friction of the plate could damage the supports, especially during extreme temperatures that would cause the rail to expand or contract. Greenkote with Phosphate and ArmorGalv also provided increased corrosion prevention with a smooth, strong finish, but it had more rust on the surface area than the Greenkote with ELU passivation. The ArmorGalv sample had more rust on the surface area than the Greenkote samples. This may not be a weakness in the ArmorGalv process;rather, it likely was the result of this particular sample not having the added protection of a colored coating. 展开更多
关键词 steel plate for High Speed Rail Fastening steel Corrosion Zinc Coating Salt-Fog Chamber
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Ti/(Ti,Cr)N/CrN multilayer coated 316L stainless steel by arc ion plating as bipolar plates for proton exchange membrane fuel cells 被引量:19
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作者 Shengli Wang Ming Hou +5 位作者 Qing Zhao Yongyi Jiang Zhen Wang Huizhe Li Yu Fu Zhigang Shao 《Journal of Energy Chemistry》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2017年第1期168-174,共7页
Arc ion plating (AIP) is applied to form Ti/(Ti,Cr)N/CrN multilayer coating on the surface of 316L stainless steel (SS316L) as bipolar plates for proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). The characterizations of ... Arc ion plating (AIP) is applied to form Ti/(Ti,Cr)N/CrN multilayer coating on the surface of 316L stainless steel (SS316L) as bipolar plates for proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). The characterizations of the coating are analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Interfacial contact resistance (ICR) between the coated sample and carbon paper is 4.9 m Omega cm(2) under 150 N/cm(2), which is much lower than that of the SS316L substrate. Potentiodynamic and potentiostatic tests are performed in the simulated PEMFC working conditions to investigate the corrosion behaviors of the coated sample. Superior anticorrosion performance is observed for the coated sample, whose corrosion current density is 0.12 mu A/cm(2). Surface morphology results after corrosion tests indicate that the substrate is well protected by the multilayer coating. Performances of the single cell with the multilayer coated SS316L bipolar plate are improved significantly compared with that of the cell with the uncoated SS316L bipolar plate, presenting a great potential for PEMFC application. (C) 2016 Science Press and Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Published by Elsevier B.V. and Science Press. All rights reserved. 展开更多
关键词 Stainless steel bipolar plate Proton exchange membrane fuel cell Arc ion plating Multilayer coating
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Progress in the technological development of oxide metallurgy for manufacturing steel plates with excellent HAZ toughness 被引量:10
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作者 Yang Jian Zhu Kai Wang Guodong 《Baosteel Technical Research》 CAS 2008年第4期43-50,共8页
In the present study, the market needs for the (HAZ) toughness are analyzed, and the mechanism of the development of steel plates with excellent heat affected zone decrease in the HAZ toughness during high-heat inpu... In the present study, the market needs for the (HAZ) toughness are analyzed, and the mechanism of the development of steel plates with excellent heat affected zone decrease in the HAZ toughness during high-heat input welding is discussed.The important countermeasure for improving the HAZ toughness is to employ the technology of oxide metallurgy ,namely,to make use of fine inclusion particles for improving the microstructure of HAZ. The progress and theories of oxide metallurgy technologies developed in the Nippon Steel Corporation ( NSC), the JFE Steel Corporation and the Kobe Steel Group are illustrated. Steel plates developed by these three companies with excellent HAZ toughness are introduced. 展开更多
关键词 high-heat input welding HAZ TOUGHNESS steel plates oxide metallurgy fine particles INCLUSIONS
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Study on the interface of direct hot rolling titanium-clad steel plates 被引量:8
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作者 SUN Jifeng LIANG Xiaojun JIAO Sihai 《Baosteel Technical Research》 CAS 2017年第1期32-39,共8页
In this study,the interface characteristics of a direct hot rolling titanium-clad steel plate were analyzed, and the mechanism of interface cracking was explored. The detrimental effect from the formation of TiFe ,TiC... In this study,the interface characteristics of a direct hot rolling titanium-clad steel plate were analyzed, and the mechanism of interface cracking was explored. The detrimental effect from the formation of TiFe ,TiC,and a Si-enriched layer on the bonding strength was clarified, and an industrial-scaled titanium-clad steel plate with shear strength over 200 MPa was produced with a carefully set schedule accordingly. It was found that hot rolling titanium-clad steel plates had a flat interface without obvious cracks. In the rolling process,both Ti and Fe atoms interdiflhsed,but Fe difthsed much faster than Ti. The Fe-diffused area consisted of three regions. After a high temperature heat treatment, the diffusion depth of Fe and Ti elements increased significantly and evident Si segregation and TiFe layers were identified. Thermal cracking initiated in the Si segregation layer and then propagated along the TiFe layer and Fe-diffused layer on the titanium side. 展开更多
关键词 titanium-clad steel plate INTERFACE DIFFUSION heat treatment
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Distribution of Welding Residual Stress of Mixed Steel U-Rib-Stiffened Plates 被引量:4
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作者 Qiu Zhao Zhansheng Zhai Yu Nie 《Transactions of Tianjin University》 EI CAS 2018年第5期489-500,共12页
To analyze the effects of width and thickness of each composition element of mixed steel U-rib-stiffened plates on the welding residual stress distribution, the distribution of the U-rib and the plate residual stress ... To analyze the effects of width and thickness of each composition element of mixed steel U-rib-stiffened plates on the welding residual stress distribution, the distribution of the U-rib and the plate residual stress was calculated using a simplified calculation method. The method involved welding the mixed steel U-rib-stiffened plates for a structure with different sizes and different strength ratios of U-rib to plate. Based on a welding residual stress numerical simulation method validated by the blind hole method test, the distribution law of the mixed steel U-rib stiffened plate was studied. The results showed that the change of plate width has little impact on the welding residual stress and that the ratio of the thicknesses of the plate to U-rib stiffeners, the thickness of the plate, and the thickness of the U-rib has a great influence on the distribution of the welding residual stress. The thickness of plate and steel strength also greatly influenced the distribution width of the residual tensile stress. While analyzing the compression capacity of U-rib-stiffened plates, the simplified distribution of welding residual stress was used. 展开更多
关键词 steel bridge Welding RESIDUAL stress Simplifi ed calculation METHOD U-rib STIFF ened plate Finite element METHOD
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Surface Ferrite Grain Refinement and Mechanical Properties of Low Carbon Steel Plates 被引量:4
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作者 FAN Jian-wen DAI Xiao-li +2 位作者 XIE Rui-ping ZHANG Wei-xu WANG Zu-bin 《Journal of Iron and Steel Research International》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2006年第4期35-39,共5页
Considering the specialities of the steel plate production, the TMCP study has been carried out with Gleeble 2000 tester to explore the possibility of fine grained ferrite in the low carbon steel plates with the chemi... Considering the specialities of the steel plate production, the TMCP study has been carried out with Gleeble 2000 tester to explore the possibility of fine grained ferrite in the low carbon steel plates with the chemical composition of C 0.13--0.18, Si 0.12-0.18, Mn 0.50-0. 65, P 0. 010-0. 025, and S 0. 005-0. 028. The plates with thickness of 8. 7 mm in which the ferrite grain size is smaller than 8μm have been produced by special de- formation process in the laboratory. Furthermore, the trial production of special plain carbon steel plates of 16-25 mm in thickness and 2 000- 2 800 mm in width with fine grained ferrite has been successfully carried out in the Shougang Steel Plate Rolling Plant. The ferrite grain size is 5.5-7μm in the surface layers and 9.5-15μm in the central layer respectively. The yield strength is 320- 360 MPa, tensile strength is 440-520 MPa and the elongation is 25%- 34 %. It is very important for the rolling plants to improve the low carbon steel plates' mechanical properties. The results show that the ferrite grains in the surface layer can be refined effectively by the appropriate rolling process, and the strength can be also increased. 展开更多
关键词 TMCP fine grained ferrite plain low carbon steel plate mechanical property
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Experimental study and analysis on fatigue stiffness of RC beams strengthened with CFRP and steel plate 被引量:13
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作者 卢亦焱 胡玲 +1 位作者 李杉 王康昊 《Journal of Central South University》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2016年第3期701-707,共7页
The objective of this work is to investigate the fatigue behavior of reinforced concrete(RC) beams strengthened with externally bonded carbon fiber reinforced polymer(CFRP) and steel plate. An experimental investigati... The objective of this work is to investigate the fatigue behavior of reinforced concrete(RC) beams strengthened with externally bonded carbon fiber reinforced polymer(CFRP) and steel plate. An experimental investigation and theoretical analysis were made on the law of deflection development and stiffness degradation, as well as the influence of fatigue load ranges. Test results indicate that the law of three-stage change under fatigue loading is followed by both midspan deflection and permanent deflection, which also have positive correlation with fatigue load amplitude. Fatigue stiffness of composite strengthened beams degrades gradually with the increasing of number of cycles. Based on the experimental results, a theoretical model by effective moment of inertia method is developed for calculating the sectional stiffness of such composite strengthened beams under fatigue loading, and the calculated results are in good agreement with the experimental results. 展开更多
关键词 carbon fiber reinforced polymer steel plate composite strengthening technique reinforced concrete beams fatigue stiffness
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Process and challenges of stainless steel based bipolar plates for proton exchange membrane fuel cells 被引量:11
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作者 Gaoyang Liu Faguo Hou +2 位作者 Shanlong Peng Xindong Wang Baizeng Fang 《International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2022年第5期1099-1119,共21页
Proton exchange membrane fuel cell(PEMFC)powered automobiles have been recognized to be the ultimate solution to replace traditional fuel automobiles because of their advantages of PEMFCs such as no pollution,low temp... Proton exchange membrane fuel cell(PEMFC)powered automobiles have been recognized to be the ultimate solution to replace traditional fuel automobiles because of their advantages of PEMFCs such as no pollution,low temperature start-up,high energy density,and low noise.As one of the core components,the bipolar plates(BPs)play an important role in the PEMFC stack.Traditional graphite BPs and composite BPs have been criticized for their shortcomings such as low strength,high brittleness,and high processing cost.In contrast,stainless steel BPs(SSBPs)have recently attracted much attention of domestic and foreign researchers because of their excellent comprehensive performance,low cost,and diverse options for automobile applications.However,the SSBPs are prone to corrosion and passivation in the PEMFC working environment,which lead to reduced output power or premature failure.This review is aimed to summarize the corrosion and passivation mechanisms,characterizations and evaluation,and the surface modification technologies in the current SSBPs research.The non-coating and coating technical routes of SSBPs are demonstrated,such as substrate component regulation,thermal nitriding,electroplating,ion plating,chemical vapor deposition,and physical vapor deposition,etc.Alternative coating materials for SSBPs are metal coatings,metal nitride coatings,conductive polymer coatings,and polymer/carbon coatings,etc.Both the surface modification technologies can solve the corrosion resistance problem of stainless steel without affecting the contact resistance,however still facing restraints such as long-time stability,feasibility of low-cost,and mass production process.This paper is believed to enrich the knowledge of high-performance and long-life BPs applied for PEMFC automobiles. 展开更多
关键词 automobile application proton exchange membrane fuel cell stainless steel bipolar plates corrosion resistance contact resistance
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A new analytical model for the low-velocity perforation of thin steel plates by hemispherical-nosed projectiles 被引量:2
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作者 Chang-hai CHEN Xi ZHU +2 位作者 Hai-liang HOU Xue-bing TIAN Xiao-le SHEN 《Defence Technology(防务技术)》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2017年第5期327-337,共11页
Ballistic experiments were conducted on thin steel plates that are normally impacted by hemisphericalnosed projectiles at velocities higher than their ballistic limits. The deformation and failure modes of the thin st... Ballistic experiments were conducted on thin steel plates that are normally impacted by hemisphericalnosed projectiles at velocities higher than their ballistic limits. The deformation and failure modes of the thin steel plates were analyzed. A new method was proposed according to the experimental results and the perforation phenomenon of the thin steel plates to determine the radius of the bulging region. In establishing this new method, a dynamic method combined with the plastic wave propagation concept based on the rigid plastic assumption was adopted. The whole perforation process was divided into four consecutive stages, namely, bulging deformation, dishing deformation, ductile hole enlargement, and projectile exit. On the basis of the energy conservation principle, a new model was developed to predict the residual velocities of hemispherical-nosed projectiles that perforate thin steel plates at low velocities.The results obtained from the theoretical calculations by the present model were compared with the experimental results. Theoretical predictions were in good agreement with the experimental results in terms of both the radius of the bulging region and the residual velocity of the projectile when the strain rate effects of the target material during each stage were considered. 展开更多
关键词 BALLISTIC impact Thin steel plate PERFORATION Low VELOCITY Hemispherical-nosed PROJECTILE
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Locking compression plate+T-type steel plate for postoperative weight bearing and functional recovery in complex tibial plateau fractures 被引量:6
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作者 Hai-Feng Li Tao Yu +2 位作者 Xing-Fei Zhu Hua Wang Ying-Qi Zhang 《World Journal of Clinical Cases》 SCIE 2022年第2期502-510,共9页
Complex tibial plateau fractures can seriously affect quality of life and physical and mental health of patients.The anatomical relationship between the proximal tibial bone and soft tissue is complex,resulting in dif... Complex tibial plateau fractures can seriously affect quality of life and physical and mental health of patients.The anatomical relationship between the proximal tibial bone and soft tissue is complex,resulting in different types of tibial plateau fractures.Violent trauma can lead to displaced fracture,serious soft tissue injury,and potentially,dislocation of the knee joint.Therefore,tibial plateau fractures are extremely unstable.AIM To assess the use of locking compression plate(LCP)+T-type steel plate for postoperative weight bearing and functional recovery of complex tibial plateau fractures.METHODS Ninety-seven patients with complex tibial plateau fractures who underwent surgery at our hospital were selected for retrospective study.Forty-nine patients had been treated with LCP+T-type steel plate limited internal fixation(study group),and 48 patients with bilateral ordinary steel plate support(control group).The operation process index,postoperative rehabilitation related index,Rasmussen score of the knee joint,tibial plateau varus angle(TPA),tibial plateau retroversion angle(PA),and surgical complications of the two groups were compared.RESULTS The operation time and intraoperative bone graft volume in the study group were lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).There were no significant differences in surgical bleeding,anterior external incision length,postoperative drainage,hospital stay duration,and fracture healing time between the groups(P>0.05).There was no significant difference in the TPA and PA angle between the groups immediately and 18 mo after surgery(P>0.05).At 12 mo after surgery,the Rasmussen scale score was higher in the study group than in the control group(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the Rasmussen scale score at 18 mo after surgery,and the radiology score at 12 and 18 mo after surgery,between the two groups(P>0.05).The postoperative complication rate in the study group(3.77%)was lower than that in the control group(15.09%;P<0.05).CONCLUSION LCP+T-type steel plate internal fixation has advantages in terms of minimizing trauma and enabling early postoperative functional exercise,promoting functional recovery and lower limb weight-bearing,and reducing postoperative complications. 展开更多
关键词 Locking compression plate T-type steel plate COMPLEXITY Tibial plateau fracture Functional recovery COMPLICATIONS
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Electrochemical Behavior of Niobium Electrodeposited 316 Stainless Steel Bipolar Plate for PEMFC in Choline Chloride Based Ionic Liquids 被引量:3
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作者 曹彩红 梁成浩 HUANG Naibao 《Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science)》 SCIE EI CAS 2015年第5期1061-1067,共7页
Niobium was electrodeposited on 316 stainless steel bipolar plates of a fuel cell in water and air-stable choline chloride based ionic liquids. The electrochemical corruption property of bipolar plates in simulated PE... Niobium was electrodeposited on 316 stainless steel bipolar plates of a fuel cell in water and air-stable choline chloride based ionic liquids. The electrochemical corruption property of bipolar plates in simulated PEMFC environment was investigated. It was showed that the plating film was distributed on the surface of 316 stainless steel like isolated islands with height less than 50 nm. The XPS, XRD results showed that a smooth and strong chemical inert film of Nb O and Nb2O5 was formed on the surface of 316 stainless steel. In simulated cathodic condition, the corrosion potential of Nb coated stainless steel was improved by 244 m V, whilst in an anodic condition, it was improved by 105 m V. The current densities for the coated 316 stainless steel were decreased to 2.479 4 μA·cm-2 from 14.810 μA·cm-2 at-0.1 V and to 0.576 μA·cm-2 from 13.417 μA/·cm-2 at 0.6 V, respectively. It was implied that the niobium coating effectively decreased the corrosion rate. The results of the electrochemical tests indicated that the corrosion resistance of stainless steel was greatly improved after coated with niobium. 展开更多
关键词 stainless steel bipolar plates niobium coating choline chloride ionic liquids electro deposition corrosion resistance surface modification
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Surface stability and conductivity of a high Cr and Ni austenitic stainless steel plates for PEMFC 被引量:2
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作者 TIAN Rujin SUN Juncai WANG Jianli 《Rare Metals》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2006年第z1期229-234,共6页
In order to use stainless steel as bipolar plate for PEMFC, electrochemical behavior of a high Cr and Ni austenitic stainless steel was studied in the solutions containing different concentration of H2SO4 and 2 mg... In order to use stainless steel as bipolar plate for PEMFC, electrochemical behavior of a high Cr and Ni austenitic stainless steel was studied in the solutions containing different concentration of H2SO4 and 2 mg·L-1 F-, and interfacial contact resistance was measured after corrosion tests. The experimental results show that the passive current density lowers with decreasing the concentration of H2SO4. The interfacial contact resistance between carbon paper and passive film formed in the simulated PEMFC environment is higher than the goal of bipolar plate for PEMFC. Surface conductivity should be further reduced by surface modification. 展开更多
关键词 austenitic stainless steel bipolar plate passive film interfacial contact resistance
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Immersing Treatment of Steel Plate Surface in Steel-Aluminum Solid to Liquid Bonding 被引量:2
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作者 Peng Zhang Yunhui Du +4 位作者 Xueping Ren Yonglin Kang Hanwu Liu Jianzhong Cui Limin Ba (Material Science and Engineering School, University of Science and Technique Beijing, Beijing 100083, China)(Metal Forming Department Northeastern University, Shenyang 1 《International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 1999年第1期57-60,共4页
The interfacial status of the steel-aluminum solid to liquid bonding plates (their steel plate surfaces were or were not immersed in flux aqueous solution) were measured by using SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope) and... The interfacial status of the steel-aluminum solid to liquid bonding plates (their steel plate surfaces were or were not immersed in flux aqueous solution) were measured by using SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope) and X-ray diffraction . The results showed that the layer of flux (the minimum thickness was 15 μm on the steel plate surface) could protect the steel plate surface from oxidizing effectively at high temperature in solid to liquid bonding. The melt temperatUre of the flux should be lower than 580 ℃ so that it could be melted and removed completely. No. 1 flux (patent product made by the author) made up of halogeindes could also force liquid aluminum to infiltrate into steel plate surface and thus the interfacial shear strength of the bonding plate was rather large. 展开更多
关键词 steel-aluminum solid to liquid bonding plate steel plate surface immerse flux melt temperature interfacial shear shrength
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Statistical variability and fragility assessment of ballistic perforation of steel plates for 7.62 mm AP ammunition 被引量:2
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作者 Mark G.Stewart Michael DNetherton 《Defence Technology(防务技术)》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2020年第3期503-513,共11页
The paper describes field test results of 7.62×51 mm M61 AP(armour piercing) ammunition fired into mild steel targets at an outdoor range.The targets varied from 10 mm to 32 mm in thickness.The tests recorded pen... The paper describes field test results of 7.62×51 mm M61 AP(armour piercing) ammunition fired into mild steel targets at an outdoor range.The targets varied from 10 mm to 32 mm in thickness.The tests recorded penetration depth,probability of perforation(i.e.,complete penetration),muzzle and impact velocities,bullet mass,and plate yield strength and hardness.The measured penetration depth exhibited a variability of approximately±12%.The paper then compared ballistic test results with predictive models of steel penetration depth and thickness to prevent perforation.Statistical parameters were derived for muzzle and impact velocity,bullet mass,plate thickness,plate hardness,and model error.A Monte-Carlo probabilistic analysis was then developed to estimate the probability of plate perforation of 7.62 mm M61 AP ammunition for a range of impact velocities,and for mild steels,and High Hardness Armour(HHA) plates.This perforation fragility analysis considered the random variability of impact velocity,bullet mass,plate thickness,plate hardness,and model error.Such a probabilistic analysis allows for reliability-based design,where,for example,the plate thickness with 95% reliability(i.e.only 1 in 20 shots will penetrate the wall) can be estimated knowing the probabilistic distribution of perforation.Hence,it was found that the plate thickness to ensure a low 5% probability of perforation needs to be 11-15% thicker than required to have a 50/50 chance of perforation for mild steel plates.Plates would need to be 20-30% thicker if probability of perforation is reduced to zero. 展开更多
关键词 BALLISTICS PROBABILITY STATISTICS steel plates Armour steel AMMUNITION Experimental PERFORATION
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Semi-solid Processing of Steel-Al-7 Graphite Binding Plate 被引量:2
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作者 张鹏 《Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science)》 SCIE EI CAS 2002年第3期46-49,共4页
The bonding of steel plate to Al 7graphite slurry was studied for the first time. The relationship model about preheat temperature of steel plate,solid fraction of Al 7graphite slurry, rolling speed and interfacial ... The bonding of steel plate to Al 7graphite slurry was studied for the first time. The relationship model about preheat temperature of steel plate,solid fraction of Al 7graphite slurry, rolling speed and interfacial shear strength of bonding plate could be established by artificial neural networks perfectly.This model could be optimized with a genetic algorithm.The optimum bonding parameters are:516℃ for preheat temperature of steel plate,32.5% for solid fraction of Al 7graphite slurry and 12mm/s for rolling speed,and the largest interfacial shear strength of bonding plate is 70.6MPa. 展开更多
关键词 bonding of steel plate to Al 7graphite slurry artificial neural networks genetic algorithm
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Sheltering effect of punched steel plate sand fences for controlling blown sand hazards along the Golmud-Korla Railway:Field observation and numerical simulation studies 被引量:3
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作者 ZHANG Kai TIAN Jianjin +2 位作者 QU Jianjun ZHAO Liming LI Sheng 《Journal of Arid Land》 SCIE CSCD 2022年第6期604-619,共16页
Sand fences made of punched steel plate(PSP)have recently been applied to control wind-blown sand in desertified and Gobi areas due to their strong wind resistance and convenient in situ construction.However,few studi... Sand fences made of punched steel plate(PSP)have recently been applied to control wind-blown sand in desertified and Gobi areas due to their strong wind resistance and convenient in situ construction.However,few studies have assessed the protective effect of PSP sand fences,especially through field observations.This study analyzes the effects of double-row PSP sand fences on wind and sand resistance using field observations and a computational fluid dynamics(CFD)numerical simulation.The results of field observations showed that the average windproof efficiencies of the first-row and second-row sand fences were 79.8%and 70.8%,respectively.Moreover,the average windproof efficiencies of the numerical simulation behind the first-row and second-row sand fences were 89.8%and 81.1%,respectively.The sand-resistance efficiency of the double-row PSP sand fences was 65.4%.Sand deposition occurred close to the first-row sand fence;however,there was relatively little sand on the leeward side of the second-row sand fence.The length of sand accumulation near PSP sand fences obtained by numerical simulation was basically consistent with that through field observations,indicating that field observations combined with numerical simulation can provide insight into the complex wind-blown sand field over PSP sand fences.This study indicates that the protection efficiency of the double-row PSP sand fences is sufficient for effective control of sand hazards associated with extremely strong wind in the Gobi areas.The output of this work is expected to improve the future application of PSP sand fences. 展开更多
关键词 punched steel plate sheltering effect field observations computational fluid dynamics numerical simulation windproof efficiency
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Experimental investigation on performance of intumescent coating for steel plate at elevated temperature 被引量:2
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作者 陈长坤 曾嘉伟 申秉银 《Journal of Central South University》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2015年第8期3151-3158,共8页
Twenty tests were conducted to investigate the efficiency of the intumescent coating designed to protect steel plate at the elevated temperature, by means of electrical furnace. And the factors of the initial thicknes... Twenty tests were conducted to investigate the efficiency of the intumescent coating designed to protect steel plate at the elevated temperature, by means of electrical furnace. And the factors of the initial thickness of coating and temperature of electrical furnace were considered. The high temperature response behavior of the intumescent coating was observed. And the expansion form of ultrathin intumescent coating and the temperature of the steel plate(TS) were obtained. Besides, the heat flux from expansion layer to steel plate versus time was analyzed in order to evaluate the heat transfer effect of intumescent coating on steel plate. The experimental results show that the response behaviors of the coating subjected to fire could be divided into four phases: stabilization phase, foaming expansion phase, carbonization-consumption phase and inorganic layer phase. And the net heat flux to the steel plate decreased observably in the foaming expansion phase, while the surplus white inorganic substance, which is the residue of the intumesced char layer in the inorganic layer phase under the condition of the temperature of the electrical furnace(TEF) beyond 700 °C over 1 h, has little effect on fire protection for the steel plate. 展开更多
关键词 ultrathin intumescent coating steel plate electrical furnace fire resistance
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Microstructure and properties of S30403+Q345R roll-bonded clad steel plate for pressure vessels 被引量:2
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作者 HOU Hong ZHANG Hanqian JIAO Sihai 《Baosteel Technical Research》 CAS 2017年第1期40-48,共9页
To meet the demand of the domestic pressure vessel industry for roll-bonded clad steel plates, Baosteel has developed an S30403 + Q345R roll-bonded clad steel plate. Comprehensive inspections of the composition, micr... To meet the demand of the domestic pressure vessel industry for roll-bonded clad steel plates, Baosteel has developed an S30403 + Q345R roll-bonded clad steel plate. Comprehensive inspections of the composition, microstructure, and properties are made to systematically evaluate the steel plate in the normalized and normalized + stress relieved states. The results show the cladding interface of the S30403 + Q345R roll-bonded clad steel plate has high shear strength, the base metal has good properties, and the mechanical properties of the steel plate head and tail are uniform. The performance is fully consistent with the technical requirements of the roll-bonded clad steel plate for pressure vessels. 展开更多
关键词 pressure vessel S30403 Q345R roll-bonded clad steel plate normalized stress relieved PROPERTY
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