Influencing Factors and Dynamic Mechanism of Industrial Structure from the Perspective of Supply-side Reform

The supply-side reform is an important measure for the high-quality development of China's economy in the new era. The purpose of this paper is to explore the mechanism and influence of technological progress,human capital,consumption demand,resource endowment and government intervention on the adjustment and upgrading of industrial structure,and to deepen the understanding of supply-side reform.

Properly Understanding Supply–side Structural Reform in the Cultural Sector

The proposal of supply–side structural reform in the cultural sector is based on theoretical inspiration from the economic sector and actual issues in the cultural sector. A proper understanding of the proposal is crucial to the implementation of the reform which should be based on the backgrounds of macroscopic reform and cultural development of the country as well as the need for theoretical innovation. The reform should be carried out with a clear understanding of China's current conditions, a clarification of the reform thinking, the similarities and differences of supply–side structural reforms between the cultural and the economic sectors, as well as an analysis of issues related to the "supply–side" and "structure" in the cultural sector. Concerted efforts from the government through guidance, and market entities through operation should be made to apply appropriately to the reform principle of "unity of doubles effects." Innovations, especially those in technology and institutions, should be promoted as a new momentum to drive cultural development. Concerted efforts from the government and enterprises should underpin optimal supply and a mechanism for competition should be established to ensure effective supply in the cultural sector. In the meantime, the upgrading of demand should be used as a new guidance for effective supply and investment should be oriented to supplement the need for public cultural services. Attention should be paid to a satisfaction–oriented approach to fill the gaps in cultural consumption. For the cultural industry and undertakings, it is now the prime time which brings along great opportunities for development and challenges for reform. From now on the cultural sector should seek its development from transformation and upgrading. Supported by the central government through policy incentives and driven by technological innovations and the capital markets, the cultural industry will maintain stable growth for a relatively long period. In the implementation of supply–side structural reform in a well–organized and all–round way, governments, markets, enterprises, and the industry should each perform their functions and make concerted efforts for innovation to jointly promote the sound development and sustainable growth of the cultural sector.

Seven-Decade Structural Transformation of China’s Industrial Economy

Over the past seven decades since the founding of the People's Republic of China in 1949,China's industrial structure has experienced transformations in various stages,which is consistent with the general pattern of industrialization and China's domestic and international situations.These changes also have to do with China's reforms in building the socialist market economic system.China's seven-decade industrial structural transformation offers valuable experiences:In promoting its industrial development,China has persistently carried out economic reforms,kept pace with changing factor and demand structures,invested in technology importation and innovation,leveraged global resources and markets,and formulated development policies in line with specific industrial development stages.Despite industrial structural problems,China has set the stage for innovation-driven development,further opening up,and balanced regional development.China's industrial structure will keep evolving amid its transition toward a competitive industrial nation.

Overreliance on Net Export and Investment Impedes China's Structural Transformation: Estimation and Analysis Based on a Multi-Sector Growth Model

Since reform and opening-up in 1978, changes in China's industrial structure have generally followed the pattern of "Kuznets facts" but still exhibits some unique characteristics, which led us to raise the following three questions regarding China's structural transformation:(1) Why did the share of China's agricultural and manufacturing employment reduce/increase intermittently rather than continuously?(2) Why did the share of China's agricultural employment increase during certain periods? When the share of manufacturing employment reduced, why did the workforce reversely flow into agriculture rather than move to the service sector?(3) Why did growth in the share of China's service sector employment decelerate before reaching its peak? Why did the share of employment in the industrial sector suddenly increase after an abrupt decline? This paper creates a multisector economic growth model that contains non-homothetic preferences and differentiated productivity, and incorporates the "two drivers" therein for a demand-side estimation and analysis. The result shows that China's economic growth model driven by net export and investment is a critical factor for explaining the three questions regarding its structural transformation. This paper believes that only by implementing supply-side structural reforms, reducing the dependence on net export and investment, and achieving sustainable endogenous economic growth will China be able to expedite its industrial restructuring.

Economy, Environment and Government: Study on the Path of Supply-Side Reform Forced by the Fog-Haze

Unbalanced development in term as industrial structure and the efficiency use of energy have aggravated environmental pollution to different degrees resulting in the increase of range, time and degree of fog-haze. This, in turn, forced the government to carry out supply-side reforms, to improve energy efficiency and optimize the industrial structure to weaken the environmental pollution. To tackle these problems, this work provides an index system for the issues related to fog-haze, uses a non-linear ST-SVAR model to reflect the effects of industrial structure and energy use efficiency on fog-haze. Results indicated that: First, current industrial structure and energy use efficiency have greater impact on the comprehensive equation of fog-haze risk than itself. With the passage of time, this influence is still gradually expanding. Second, the equations of industrial structure and energy use efficiency are strongly influenced by themselves, and other variables as the current period have less impact on them. Finally, the non-linear or asymmetric relationship is shown among industrial structure, energy use efficiency, and the fog-haze comprehensive risk equation.

On the Planning of Chinese Marine High-tech Industry Demonstration Zones:From the Perspective of Supply-side Structural Reform

China’s national agricultural high-tech industry demonstration zones focus on supply-side structural reform in their overall plan of development.This paper selected the China’s marine industry as its research subject and analyzes its current situation and major problems.After summarizing the current researches of China’s marine industry parks,from the perspective of supply-side structural reform,this paper specifies the tasks and objectives of the construction of the marine hi-tech industry demonstration zones.The overall planning of the demonstration zones must set distinctive developmen as its orientation,and we should emphasize innovation-driven and green development,devise a functional zoning that embraces marine-land and allround integration,and seek mechanism innovations that could invigorate the inner drive of development.The paper also puts forward the major principles that the planning of marine hi-tech industry demonstration zones should obey in the context of supply-side structural reform.

China's Industrial Upgrade and Human Capital Improvement

Based on statistics, this paper reviews China＇s economic growth and industrial upgrade since the reform and opening up in 1978 and estimates the contribution of industrial restructuring to economic growth. With the years of schooling as the proxy variable of human capital, this paper describes changes in China＇s labor competence during the industrial restructuring process. Then, this paper estimates China＇s future human capital demand and shortage based on economic and demographic forecast. Lastly, this paper proposes recommendations for improving human capital in China with skills development and education.

Study of the Development of Chinese sports Industry in the Context of Supply-side Structura Reform

In recent years,China’s sports industry has witnessed rapid development gradually forming an emerging strength in its Supply-side Structural Reform and thus increasingly being highlighted in the development of the nationa economy.Being integrated,society-based,green and sustainable,the sports industry is gaining popularity among the Chinese people.This paper studies the overall development of Chinese sports industry during the 12th FiveYear Plan period(2011-2015)and unveils the key achievements it made,such as the expansion of scale,the diversification of products and services,the improvement of industry policies,the apparent upgrading and optimization of the industry’s structure and its further integration with the Internet However,there are still some problems in the development of China’s sports industry&Chinese sports industry accounts for a fairly low proportion in the gross domestic product(GDP)and cannot yet compare with those of developed countries.Besides,given that its the sports services make up only a small share and that a supply-demand imbalance still exists in the sports products and services,its industrial structure requires further upgrading and optimization.In addition,failure to fully stimulate an innovation initiative restricts this industry’s further development.Targeting the bottleneck facing Chinese sports industry and corresponding path selection,this paper mainly analyzes its institutional mechanism reform,structural upgrading and layout product quality improvement and talent supply optimization.Based on the analysis,it is concluded that the development of Chinese sports industry is of great importance to China’s economic transformation,upgrading and healthy development and it echoes the call of Supply-side Structural Reform.

数字经济发展促进产业结构转型升级的实证研究

从理论上来说,数字经济发展通过影响产业间结构转变、产业内劳动生产率提升和产业资源配置效率提高等方式来促进产业结构转型升级。文章以我国247个地级及以上城市2016—2019年的数据为例,采用固定效应模型分析数字经济发展对产业结构转型升级的影响。实证结果发现:数字经济发展对第一维度、第二维度和第三维度产业结构转型升级均具有显著的促进作用,子样本数据的实证结果和采取替代变量的实证结果均支持这一研究结论;在控制内生性问题后,研究结论依然成立。进一步的机制检验发现,数字经济发展主要通过消费升级效应和技术外溢效应两种途径促进产业结构转型升级。

数字经济、要素市场化与产业结构转型升级

作为一类高融合性、高协同性、高成长性、高科技性的经济形态,数字经济为产业结构转型升级提供新动能。立足2009—2021年中国10个国家级城市群面板数据,借助双固定效应模型检验数字经济、要素市场化与产业结构升级之间的关系。结果显示:数字经济、要素市场化与政府治理转型均能推动产业结构转型升级,且要素市场化、政府治理转型在数字经济推动产业结构升级过程中发挥中介效应。不同数字经济类型对各城市群产业结构升级均具有正向推动作用,且在空间层面呈现“东部地区>中部地区>东北地区>西部地区”趋势。相比于大型城市,中小城市要素市场化对产业结构升级的促进作用更强,数字经济对产业结构升级的促进作用偏小。另外,产业数字化对产业结构转型升级的作用存在显著单一门槛效应,即跨过门槛值后产业数字化方可显著推动产业结构升级。据此,提出构筑数字经济发展新生态、布局要素市场化配置新机制、构建区域协同发展新格局的建议,为产业结构转型升级提供新思路。

人工智能驱动中国产业链现代化研究

产业链是一种特殊性质的社会分工协作网络,由主体要素和结构要素构成。人工智能能够驱动产业链主体要素现代化和结构要素现代化。在此基础上,科学构建中国产业链现代化的模型及评价指标体系,并基于2013—2022年中国30个省份的面板数据,实证分析人工智能影响产业链现代化的作用效果及具体机制,结果发现人工智能有助于产业链现代化水平的提升,并且提升作用在西部地区最强,中部地区次之,东部地区最弱;政策冲击检验结果表明,国家新一代人工智能创新发展试验区的设立能够显著提升产业链现代化水平,具有显著的因果效应;机制分析结果表明,人工智能可以通过提升人力资本、推动产业结构升级和拉动消费需求三条途径推动产业链现代化。中国应把握人工智能等新科技革命带来的产业变革机遇,推动传统产业链向高端化、智能化、绿色化转型升级,建设具有完整性、先进性、安全性的现代化产业体系。

金融化能够提升制造业企业盈利能力吗——来自中国A股市场的证据

以2012-2022年沪深A股制造业上市公司的财务数据为样本,实证检验制造业企业金融化对企业盈利能力的影响。研究表明:制造业企业金融化对制造业企业利润率有显著抑制作用;机制检验发现货币政策在二者关系中起调节作用,金融化通过挤出实体投资和加剧融资约束来抑制制造业企业利润率增长;大型企业、非国有企业以及持有长期金融资产的企业金融化对制造业企业利润率的抑制作用更显著。因此,应加强对制造业企业金融投资监管力度,强化供给侧结构性改革,将经济发展着力点放在实体企业上,以提升企业盈利能力为目的,促进制造业企业金融活动和生产经营的良性循环。

数字普惠金融赋能县域产业结构转型升级的动力机制——基于PLS-SEM模型分析

基于偏最小二乘法结构方程模型(PLS-SEM),运用河南省县域2014—2020年平衡面板数据研究数字普惠金融驱动河南省县域产业转型升级的机制与实证效果,结果表明:数字普惠金融能够推动河南省县域产业结构的转型升级;数字普惠金融主要通过经济发展、生态环境、社会共享三个方面共同推动河南省县域产业结构转型升级;从发展潜力方面看,数字普惠金融对产业结构升级有一定负相关性,可能的原因是河南省县域数字平台不够完善、数字信息技术落后,且大多以轻工业、农业为主,导致数字普惠金融的正向融入性存在延迟。必须持续推动数字普惠金融的产业融入性、夯实数字普惠金融服务实体经济的功能性,提高河南省县域产业经济韧性。

要素禀赋对产业结构转型升级的作用机制——基于经济发展质量的调节效应

强化要素禀赋对产业结构转型升级的基础性作用,是当前推动我国经济高质量发展的重要可依赖路径。基于2012—2021年省级面板数据,探讨要素禀赋对产业结构转型升级的影响及经济发展质量在二者之间的调节效应。研究发现:劳动禀赋与产业结构转型升级存在显著的U形关系,经济发展质量的提升能够强化二者之间的U形关系;资本禀赋与产业结构转型升级存在倒U形关系,经济发展质量的提升则弱化了两者之间的倒U形关系;科技禀赋对产业结构转型升级产生了显著的促进作用,但当前经济发展质量的提升对科技禀赋赋能产业结构转型升级尚未发挥显著作用。进一步检验要素禀赋间的交叉效应对产业结构转型升级的作用表明,当前劳动禀赋与资本禀赋对产业结构转型升级存在交叉效应,而现阶段科技禀赋分别与劳动禀赋、资本禀赋存在错配,尚未形成交叉作用带动产业结构转型升级。从要素禀赋视角拓展产业结构转型升级的驱动因素,并以经济发展质量为拓展点,为探寻经济高质量发展背景下产业结构转型升级的动力引擎提供了理论支持,也为政府建立优质高效的供给体系、助推经济高质量发展提供了有益借鉴。

长三角红色文化资源开发对城乡差距的纾解效应——来自长三角地区25个革命老区县域数据的经验证据

文章基于我国长三角地区革命老区县域面板数据,考察红色文化资源开发对城乡差距的纾解作用及其影响机制。结果表明,红色文化资源开发对城乡差距存在显著的纾解作用,产业结构转型升级和公共服务供给水平提升在红色文化资源开发助力缩小城乡差距过程中,具有显著的间接作用。此外,红色文化资源开发对纾解城乡差距具有显著的空间溢出效应。因此,应以红色文化资源开发为抓手,大力培育新业态,为革命老区产业转型赋能;持续强化基础设施建设并提高公共服务水平,进一步发挥革命老区的示范作用;加快红色文化资源开发的联动与合作,不断缩小城乡差距以实现共同富裕。

制造业科技自主创新的微观机制考察——河钢集团案例

以河钢集团为例,通过对企业具体实践的详细考察,总结企业推动科技创新的微观机制,可以为有效支持企业科技创新、加快建设国家创新体系、推动我国高质量发展提供参考。在钢铁行业供求失衡矛盾凸显的形势下,河钢集团逐步压减传统钢铁产品产能,培育以自主创新为基础的竞争优势,主动寻求经营理念变革、管理模式创新、产品结构转型与生产技术升级,走出一条钢铁企业的创新发展道路。基于河钢集团的案例考察可以发现,科技创新是一项复杂的系统工程,对于企业而言,科技创新既不能完全依靠政府的支持政策,也不能仅是局限于产品与技术创新,而是需要从经营理念到管理模式,再到产品与技术,进行全方位变革。

供给侧改革背景下金融支持辽宁制造业转型升级研究

推动制造业转型升级是深化供给侧结构性改革的重要途径,是振兴实体经济、推进产业转型发展的战略举措。金融业对制造业转型升级具有核心支持作用,辽宁作为传统制造业改造提升的领军地区,推动制造业转型升级迫在眉睫。辽宁制造业的转型升级取得了显著成绩,这离不开金融业的大力支持,但还存在一定的问题,需要从资本市场、银行信贷、期货市场、金融生态环境、财税优惠等方面入手,完善相关措施,加大金融对制造业转型升级的支持力度。

“一带一路”背景下数字化转型对制造业高质量发展影响研究——基于产业结构升级与数字贸易的视角

制造业是国民经济的重要支柱,也是“一带一路”倡议的重要合作领域。随着全球化、信息化和数字化的发展,制造业面临着新的机遇和挑战,需要进行数字化转型,以适应新的市场需求和竞争环境。文章选取对“一带一路”沿线国家有直接投资的沪深A股制造业上市公司为研究对象,基于2010—2022年的面板数据,采用动态面板模型和工具变量法,实证检验了数字化转型对制造业高质量发展的影响机制和效应,以及数字贸易的调节作用。研究结果表明,数字化转型对制造业高质量发展有显著的正向影响,且通过产业结构升级起到中介作用;数字贸易对数字化转型和产业结构升级的正向影响有显著的增强作用,对制造业高质量发展的正向影响有显著增强作用。研究结论为“一带一路”沿线国家制造业高质量发展提供了政策启示,即应加快数字化转型的步伐,推动产业结构的优化升级,同时积极参与数字贸易的规则制定和合作,提高数字贸易的质量和效益。

绿色金融、技术创新与产业结构优化升级

绿色金融是推进“双碳”战略的重要抓手,也是实现产业结构优化升级的金融手段。基于我国2007—2020年省域面板数据,建立面板固定效应模型,探讨绿色金融对产业结构优化升级的影响。研究结果表明,绿色金融能够促进产业结构优化升级,但在一定程度上技术创新起到了反向调节的作用,波特效应不明显。因此,应进一步完善绿色金融发展政策,推动绿色技术创新,引导产业结构优化升级。

工业智能化与产业升级:结构转型还是区位转移?

基于技术水平将各行业划分为五类产业,利用省级面板数据,实证研究工业智能化对不同产业发展的异质性影响及动态演进趋势。结果表明:就整体而言,工业智能化促进了中技术和高技术工业规模扩张,低技术工业收缩,工业部门结构优化升级;从区域来看,工业智能化对东部地区中技术工业回流和高技术工业崛起的作用明显,中部地区的产业承接作用减弱。进一步研究发现,工业智能化对产业结构的影响并非线性且存在产业差异,工业比重均呈先升后降的倒U形趋势,服务业则截然相反,且各类产业具有明显的梯度调整特征。机制检验显示,工业智能化通过促进中低技术工业区位转移,并倒逼低技术工业向高技术工业及服务业转型,促进产业结构优化升级。