Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM ) has been first employed to study the surface relief accompanying bainite transformation in a Fe-2.17C-12.18Cr-0.31Si-0.26Mn (wt pct) steel. With the exclusive vertical resolution o...Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM ) has been first employed to study the surface relief accompanying bainite transformation in a Fe-2.17C-12.18Cr-0.31Si-0.26Mn (wt pct) steel. With the exclusive vertical resolution of STM, we observed that the surface relief associated with bainite is a group of surface reliefs related to subplates, subunits and sub-subunits. As a whole, the relief group is in a tent shape, not of invariant plane strain (IPS) type, which is obviously different from that of martensite, and implying that bainite is not formed by shear mechanism. The fine structure of bainite in Fe-1.0C-4Cr-2.0Si (wt pct) alloy has also been studied with STM and TEM. It is found that the bainite plate is composed of subplates, subunits and sub-subunits. On the basis of the fine structure inside a bainitic ferrite plate observed under STM, a sympathetic-ledgewise mechanism of bainite formation is展开更多
The aging effects of the contact angle and surface energy on polyethylene terephthalate (PET) have been investigated with surface modification by water vapor plasma. The experimental results show that the contact angl...The aging effects of the contact angle and surface energy on polyethylene terephthalate (PET) have been investigated with surface modification by water vapor plasma. The experimental results show that the contact angle of water and PET decreases obviously and surface energy increases. However, with the increase of the aging time, the contact angle and surface energy change back gradually to original state.展开更多
new surface infiltrating composite technique has been developed to obtain metal and ceramic composite layer on the surface of metal by traditional casting method. It has been shown that with the new method, a composit...new surface infiltrating composite technique has been developed to obtain metal and ceramic composite layer on the surface of metal by traditional casting method. It has been shown that with the new method, a composite layer with a thickness of 2-5 mm can be obtained. The ceramic particulates distribute uniformly in the matrix. The composite layer is very favorable to wear resistance and thermal resistance展开更多
The study area is located between the cities of Comitan (16°10'43"N and 92°04'20''W) a city with 150,000 inhabitants and La Esperanza (16°9'15''N and 91°...The study area is located between the cities of Comitan (16°10'43"N and 92°04'20''W) a city with 150,000 inhabitants and La Esperanza (16°9'15''N and 91°52'5''W) a town with 3000 inhabitants. Both weather stations are 30 km from each other in the Chiapas State, México. 54 years of daily records of the series of maximum (<em>t</em><sub>max</sub>) and minimum temperatures (<em>t</em><sub>min</sub>) of the weather station 07205 Comitan that is on top of a house and 30 years of daily records of the weather station 07374 La Esperanza were analyzed. The objective is to analyze the evidence of climate change in the Comitan valley. 2.07% and 19.04% of missing data were filled, respectively, with the WS method. In order to verify homogeneity three methods were used: Standard Normal Homogeneity Test (SNHT), the Von Neumann method and the Buishand method. The heterogeneous series were homogenized using climatol. The trends of <em>t</em><sub>max</sub> and <em>t</em><sub>min</sub> for both weather stations were analyzed by simple linear regression, Sperman’s rho and Mann-Kendall tests. The Mann-Kendal test method confirmed the warming trend at the Comitan station for both variables with <em>Z<sub>MK</sub></em> statistic values equal to 1.57 (statistically not significant) and 4.64 (statistically significant). However, for the Esperanza station, it determined a cooling trend for tmin and a slight non-significant warming for <em>t</em><sub>max</sub> with a <em>Z</em><sub><em>MK</em></sub> statistic of -2.27 (statistically significant) and 1.16 (statistically not significant), for a significance level <em>α</em> = 0.05.展开更多
The degrees of surface and through cure of UV curable acrylate-based pigmented systems were studied by using ATR(Attenuated Total Reflection) spectroscopy. This paper describes curing investigations of ink coating lay...The degrees of surface and through cure of UV curable acrylate-based pigmented systems were studied by using ATR(Attenuated Total Reflection) spectroscopy. This paper describes curing investigations of ink coating layer on optical fibers.展开更多
文摘Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM ) has been first employed to study the surface relief accompanying bainite transformation in a Fe-2.17C-12.18Cr-0.31Si-0.26Mn (wt pct) steel. With the exclusive vertical resolution of STM, we observed that the surface relief associated with bainite is a group of surface reliefs related to subplates, subunits and sub-subunits. As a whole, the relief group is in a tent shape, not of invariant plane strain (IPS) type, which is obviously different from that of martensite, and implying that bainite is not formed by shear mechanism. The fine structure of bainite in Fe-1.0C-4Cr-2.0Si (wt pct) alloy has also been studied with STM and TEM. It is found that the bainite plate is composed of subplates, subunits and sub-subunits. On the basis of the fine structure inside a bainitic ferrite plate observed under STM, a sympathetic-ledgewise mechanism of bainite formation is
文摘The aging effects of the contact angle and surface energy on polyethylene terephthalate (PET) have been investigated with surface modification by water vapor plasma. The experimental results show that the contact angle of water and PET decreases obviously and surface energy increases. However, with the increase of the aging time, the contact angle and surface energy change back gradually to original state.
文摘new surface infiltrating composite technique has been developed to obtain metal and ceramic composite layer on the surface of metal by traditional casting method. It has been shown that with the new method, a composite layer with a thickness of 2-5 mm can be obtained. The ceramic particulates distribute uniformly in the matrix. The composite layer is very favorable to wear resistance and thermal resistance
文摘The study area is located between the cities of Comitan (16°10'43"N and 92°04'20''W) a city with 150,000 inhabitants and La Esperanza (16°9'15''N and 91°52'5''W) a town with 3000 inhabitants. Both weather stations are 30 km from each other in the Chiapas State, México. 54 years of daily records of the series of maximum (<em>t</em><sub>max</sub>) and minimum temperatures (<em>t</em><sub>min</sub>) of the weather station 07205 Comitan that is on top of a house and 30 years of daily records of the weather station 07374 La Esperanza were analyzed. The objective is to analyze the evidence of climate change in the Comitan valley. 2.07% and 19.04% of missing data were filled, respectively, with the WS method. In order to verify homogeneity three methods were used: Standard Normal Homogeneity Test (SNHT), the Von Neumann method and the Buishand method. The heterogeneous series were homogenized using climatol. The trends of <em>t</em><sub>max</sub> and <em>t</em><sub>min</sub> for both weather stations were analyzed by simple linear regression, Sperman’s rho and Mann-Kendall tests. The Mann-Kendal test method confirmed the warming trend at the Comitan station for both variables with <em>Z<sub>MK</sub></em> statistic values equal to 1.57 (statistically not significant) and 4.64 (statistically significant). However, for the Esperanza station, it determined a cooling trend for tmin and a slight non-significant warming for <em>t</em><sub>max</sub> with a <em>Z</em><sub><em>MK</em></sub> statistic of -2.27 (statistically significant) and 1.16 (statistically not significant), for a significance level <em>α</em> = 0.05.
文摘The degrees of surface and through cure of UV curable acrylate-based pigmented systems were studied by using ATR(Attenuated Total Reflection) spectroscopy. This paper describes curing investigations of ink coating layer on optical fibers.
