Commercially available wind-turbines are optimized to operate at certain wind velocity, known as rated wind velocity. For other values of wind velocity, it has different output which is lower than the rated output of ...Commercially available wind-turbines are optimized to operate at certain wind velocity, known as rated wind velocity. For other values of wind velocity, it has different output which is lower than the rated output of the wind plant. Wind mill can be designed to provide maximum power output at different wind velocities through modification of swept area to match with the wind speed available at the moment. This can result in higher power output at all the velocities except that at rated wind speed because of limitation of generator. This results in increased utilization of generation capacity of wind mill compared to its commercially designed counterpart. A theoretical simulation has been done to prove a new concept about swept area of wind turbine blade which results in a significant increase in the power output through the year. Simulation results of power extracted through normal wind blade design and new concept are studied and compared. The findings of the study are presented in graphical and tabular form. Study establishes that there can be a significant gain in the power output with the new concept.展开更多
An operational three-dimensional oil spill model is developed by the National Marine Environmental Forecasting Center（NMEFC）, State Oceanic Administration, China, and the model has been running for 9 a. On June 4 an...An operational three-dimensional oil spill model is developed by the National Marine Environmental Forecasting Center（NMEFC）, State Oceanic Administration, China, and the model has been running for 9 a. On June 4 and 17,2011, oil is spilled into the sea water from two separate oil platforms in the Bohai Bay, i.e., Platforms B and C of Penglai 19-3 oilfield. The spill causes pollution of thousands of square kilometres of sea area. The NMEFC’s oil spill model is employed to study the Penglai 19-3 oil-spill pollution during June to August 2011. The wind final analysis data of the NMEFC, which is based on a weather research and forecasting（WRF） model, are analyzed and corrected by comparing with the observation data. A corrected current filed is obtained by forcing the princeton ocean model（POM） with the corrected wind field. With the above marine environmental field forcing the oil spill model, the oil mass balance and oil distribution can be produced. The simulation is validated against the observation, and it is concluded that the oil spill model of the NMEFC is able to commendably simulate the oil spill distribution. Thus the NMEFC’s oil spill model can provide a tool in an environmental impact assessment after the event.展开更多
文摘Commercially available wind-turbines are optimized to operate at certain wind velocity, known as rated wind velocity. For other values of wind velocity, it has different output which is lower than the rated output of the wind plant. Wind mill can be designed to provide maximum power output at different wind velocities through modification of swept area to match with the wind speed available at the moment. This can result in higher power output at all the velocities except that at rated wind speed because of limitation of generator. This results in increased utilization of generation capacity of wind mill compared to its commercially designed counterpart. A theoretical simulation has been done to prove a new concept about swept area of wind turbine blade which results in a significant increase in the power output through the year. Simulation results of power extracted through normal wind blade design and new concept are studied and compared. The findings of the study are presented in graphical and tabular form. Study establishes that there can be a significant gain in the power output with the new concept.
基金The Open Project Fund of the Key Laboratory of Shangdong Province for Marine Ecological Environment and Disaster Prevention and Mitigation of China under contract No.201402the Project of the Key Laboratory of Marine Spill Oil Identification and Damage Assessment Technology,State Oceanic Administration of China under contract No.201604+1 种基金the National Marine Public Welfare Research Project of China under contract No.201305031the Cooperation on the Development of Basic Technologies for the Yellow Sea and East China Sea Operational Oceanographic System funded by the China-Korea Joint Ocean Research and the National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract Nos 41206106 and 41406042
文摘An operational three-dimensional oil spill model is developed by the National Marine Environmental Forecasting Center（NMEFC）, State Oceanic Administration, China, and the model has been running for 9 a. On June 4 and 17,2011, oil is spilled into the sea water from two separate oil platforms in the Bohai Bay, i.e., Platforms B and C of Penglai 19-3 oilfield. The spill causes pollution of thousands of square kilometres of sea area. The NMEFC’s oil spill model is employed to study the Penglai 19-3 oil-spill pollution during June to August 2011. The wind final analysis data of the NMEFC, which is based on a weather research and forecasting（WRF） model, are analyzed and corrected by comparing with the observation data. A corrected current filed is obtained by forcing the princeton ocean model（POM） with the corrected wind field. With the above marine environmental field forcing the oil spill model, the oil mass balance and oil distribution can be produced. The simulation is validated against the observation, and it is concluded that the oil spill model of the NMEFC is able to commendably simulate the oil spill distribution. Thus the NMEFC’s oil spill model can provide a tool in an environmental impact assessment after the event.
