Nonlinear Auto-Companding Method for Behavioral Modeling of Switched-Current Circuits

A wavelet collocation method with nonlinear auto companding is proposed for behavioral modeling of switched current circuits.The companding function is automatically constructed according to the initial error distribution obtained through approximating the input output function of the SI circuit by conventional wavelet collocation method.In practical applications,the proposed method is a general purpose approach,by which both the small signal effect and the large signal effect are modeled in a unified formulation to ease the process of modeling and simulation.Compared with the published modeling approaches,the proposed nonlinear auto companding method works more efficiently not only in controlling the error distribution but also in reducing the modeling errors.To demonstrate the promising features of the proposed method,several SI circuits are employed as examples to be modeled and simulated.

Fault diagnosis method for switch control circuit based on SVM-AdaBoost

In order to realize the fault diagnosis of the control circuit of all-electronic computer interlocking system(ACIS)for railway signals,taking a five-wire switch electronic control module as an research object,we propose a method of selecting the sample set of the basic classifier by roulette method and realizing fault diagnosis by using SVM-AdaBoost.The experimental results show that the proportion of basic classifier samples affects classification accuracy,which reaches the highest when the proportion is 85%.When selecting the sample set of basic classifier by roulette method,the fault diagnosis accuracy is generally higher than that of the maximum weight priority method.When the optimal proportion 85%is taken,the accuracy is highest up to 96.3%.More importantly,this way can better adapt to the critical data and improve the anti-interference ability of the algorithm,and therefore it provides a basis for fault diagnosis of ACIS.

Full Graph Methods of Switched Current Circuit Solution

Circuits with switched current are described by an admittance matrix and seeking current transfers then means calculating the ratio of algebraic supplements of this matrix. As there are also graph methods of circuit analysis in addition to algebraic methods, it is clearly possible in theory to carry out an analysis of the whole switched circuit in two-phase switching exclusively by the graph method as well. For this purpose it is possible to plot a Mason graph of a circuit, use transformation graphs to reduce Mason graphs for all the four phases of switching, and then plot a summary graph from the transformed graphs obtained this way. First the author draws nodes and possible branches, obtained by transformation graphs for transfers of EE （even-even） and OO （odd-odd） phases. In the next step, branches obtained by transformation graphs for EO and OE phase are drawn between these nodes, while their resulting transfer is 1 multiplied by z^1/2. This summary graph is extended by two branches from input node and to output node, the extended graph can then be interpreted by the Mason＇s relation to provide transparent current transfers. Therefore it is not necessary to compose a sum admittance matrix and to express this consequently in numbers, and so it is possible to reach the final result in a graphical way.

DESIGN OF TERNARY CURRENT-MODE CMOS CIRCUITS BASED ON SWITCH-SIGNAL THEORY

By applying switch-signal theory, the interaction between MOS transmission switch-ing transistor and current signal in current-mode CMOS circuits is analyzed, and the theory oftransmission current-switches which is suitable to current-mode CMOS circuits is proposed. Thecircuits, such as ternary full-adder etc., designed by using this theory have simpler circuit struc-tures and correct logic functions. It is confirmed that this theory is efficient in guiding the logicdesign of current-mode CMOS circuits at switch level.

A novel circuit design for complementary resistive switch-based stateful logic operations

Recently, it has been demonstrated that memristors can be utilized as logic operations and memory elements. In this paper, we present a novel circuit design for complementary resistive switch（CRS）-based stateful logic operations. The proposed circuit can automatically write the destructive CRS cells back to the original states. In addition, the circuit can be used in massive passive crossbar arrays which can reduce sneak path current greatly. Moreover, the steps for CRS logic operations using our proposed circuit are reduced compared with previous circuit designs. We validate the effectiveness of our scheme through Hspice simulations on the logic circuits.

A Novel Crowbar Impulse Current Circuit for Testing the Switch-Type SPD

A crowbar impulse current circuit for testing the switch-type surge protective device （SPD） is presented. The crowbar circuit consists of a computer control circuit, a trigger voltage pulse generator, a main discharging switch, and a crowbar pseudospark switch. The active trigger technology was studied in the crowbar impulse current circuit. The circuit monitors the main discharging current and generates a trigger signal at a proper time for the crowbar pseudospark switch operation. The trigger characteristics of the main discharge switch and the crowbar pseu- dospark switch were investigated. By monitoring the preset applied capacitor voltage, the gap distance of the main discharging switch could be adjusted to ensure a discharging delay time less than 2 μs. Equipped with a surface ttashover trigger device made of high relative perimittivity dielectric material BaTiO3 （εr = 3460）, the discharge delay time of the crowbar pseudospark switch is less than 85 ns, and the minimum operating voltage is less than 1% of its self-breakdown voltage. With a storage capacitor of 9 μF , an inductor of 18 μH and a crowbar pseudospark switch, a load of 30 mΩ and an applied capacitor voltage of 40 kV, an impulse current waveform of maximum 25 kA was generated with a rise time and time to half peak value of 17.2 μs and 336μs respectively.

Simulation realization of skip cycle mode integrated control circuit in the switching power supply with low standby loss

This paper explores and proposes a design solution of an integrated skip cycle mode （SCM） control circuit with a simple structure. The design is simulated and implemented with XD10H-1.0μm modular DIMOS 650 V process. In order to meet the requirement of a wide temperature range and high yields of products, the schematic extracted from the layout is simulated with five process corners at 27℃ and 90℃. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed integrated circuit is immune to noise and achieves skipping cycle control when switching mode power supply （SMPS） works with low load or without load.

A General Method in the Synthesis of Ternary Double Pass-Transistor Circuits

A general method for designing ternary circuits using double pass-transistor logic is investigated. The logical relation of each MOS transistor is formulated by using the transmission operation in order to make effective and practical use of the circuits. A way to generate ternary complementary and dual circuits by applying the complementarity and duality principles is presented. This new static ternary double pass-transistor logic scheme has some favorable properties：the use of standard CMOS process without any modification of the thresholds, a perfectly symmetrical structure,a full logic swing, the maximum possible noise margins, a less complex structure, and no static power consumption. HSPICE simulations using TSMC 0.25μm CMOS technology and a 3V power supply demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed design.

基于Switched-opamp的低功耗读出电路设计

利用开关运放技术对运放进行电源管理,实现了焦平面读出电路列运放的"休眠"-"唤醒"工作模式,使列运放仅在该列信号选通时工作。这种结构级功耗优化方法缩短了运放工作时间,降低了读出电路的功耗,适合低功耗系统应用要求。并设计了两种读出控制方案,对4×4元读出电路进行了瞬态分析。比照原有设计,该方法最多可以节省读出阶段列运放83%的功耗。

用Topswitch芯片设计的反激式开关电源

Topswitch系列芯片是PowerIntegration公司生产的开关电源专用集成电路 ,它将脉宽调制电路 (PWM )与高压MOSFET开关管及驱动电路等集成在一起。使用该芯片设计的小功率开关电源 ,可大大减少外围电路 ,降低成本 ,提高可靠性。本文介绍了Topswitch系列芯片的工作原理及用该芯片制作的 3 0W反激式开关电源 。

基于可编程逻辑控制器的煤矿综采组合开关结构设计

针对有效、统一控制煤矿综采工作面多种采煤设备为目的,设计基于可编程逻辑控制器的煤矿综采工作面配套组合开关结构。该开关结构分为主控制电路、次控制电路,两种电路均与液晶显示模块相连。通过液晶显示模块的界面将电路状态反馈给管理人员,两种控制电路主要通过可编程逻辑控制器和继电器、信号提醒、保护回路相连,分别完成电源供应、警报信息提醒、采煤设备连接状态管理。实验结果表明,在过载、漏电工况中可用电气互锁的方式保证采煤机状态不出现异常变化,完成异常采煤设备的统一管理,最高节能比例达到11.2%,最低节能比例也能达到7.8%,由此证明设计的方法具有一定研究价值。

ZDJ9双机牵引提速道岔电动转辙机控制电路故障诊断方法

[目的]ZDJ9双机牵引提速道岔电动转辙机控制电路中1DQJ是瞬时吸起式继电器,在室外转辙机电路不构成回路的情况下,即在故障情况下,1DQJ继电器仅仅保持约1 s的短暂吸起状态。技术人员在处理故障点时一般采用万用表测量,数字型万用表在1 s内只能短时间闪烁一次,并且最大显示数据约为170 V;指针式万用表在1 s内指针只能小幅度摆动一下,也仅仅摆动到120 V左右。因此无法对故障点进行详细查找。另一方面,该控制电路采用380 V三相交流电源,在查找故障过程中会出现380 V电源打火现象,因技术人员有畏惧心理,导致故障查找慢,费时费力费人工,安全性大打折扣。针对当前存在的常见问题进行了创新性研究,提出了具有针对性的故障诊断装置及故障诊断方法。[方法]用3个200 W灯泡组合成一个灯泡诊断装置,共用一个接地极,另外的极性连接A、B、C三相电源。利用1DQJ继电器的瞬间吸起连通灯泡,如果亮灯表示电路无故障,如果灭灯表示有故障。详细阐述了利用A、B、C三相电源查找故障的方法。[结果及结论]所提出的故障点诊断装置和故障诊断方法能够准确快速诊断出该控制电路故障点,而且大大提高了故障诊断中的安全性。

Fabrication and Testing of Metal Foil Planar Switch

A metal foil spark gap switch is fabricated by using magnetron sputtering deposition technology and standard microelectronic technology. The switch has two main electrodes and a trigger electrode. Stylus profiler is employed to measure the distance between the main electrodes and the dimensions of the trigger electrode. The discharge characteristics of the metal foil spark gap switch are discussed. The switch has short delay time and low time jitter. When it is fired by a conventional capacitive discharge unit (CDU), the firing circuit has low inductance and resistance. Because of its low profile structure, it can be easily integrated with the bridge foil used in a conventional exploding foil initiator system (EFIS).

LinkSwitch—TN系列节能型单片开关电源的电路设计

在某些家用电器的控制电源以及智能化电能表、住宅供热控制器中,允许使用非隔离电源。介绍了一种 LinkSwitch-TN 系列单片开关电源,可取代传统的阻容降压式线性电源,为实现高效节能型小功率开关电源的优化设计创造了有利条件。

Research and Progress of Service Driven Optical Switching Network in China

National R&D activities on optical switching networkare introduced. Optical switching network testbedswere established in China including 3T-net andOBS ring and mesh network test-bed with the supportof national '863' program. As an importantmodule in OPS network, a novel all-optical serialmulticast mode is discussed.

A NEW MULTIFUNCTION SWITCHED-CURRENT FILTER

A new switched-current(SI)biquadratic filter is presented which can simultaneouslyprovide the low-pass,high-pass and band-pass filters in a single building block.A symbol torepresent the universal SI integrator is also introduced.It can simplify the analysis and synthesisof SI networks.

Analysis and modeling of resistive switching mechanism oriented to fault tolerance of resistive memory based on memristor

With the progress of the semiconductor industry, resistive memories, especially the memristor, have drawn increasing attention. The resistive memory based on memrsitor has not been commercialized mainly because of data error. Currently, there are more studies focused on fault tolerance of resistive memory. This paper studies the resistive switching mechanism which may have time-varying characteristics. Resistive switching mechanism is analyzed and its respective circuit model is established based on the memristor Spice model.

Analysis and modeling of resistive switching mechanisms oriented to resistive random-access memory

With the progress of the semiconductor industry,the resistive random-access memory（RAM） has drawn increasing attention.The discovery of the memristor has brought much attention to this study.Research has focused on the resistive switching characteristics of different materials and the analysis of resistive switching mechanisms.We discuss the resistive switching mechanisms of different materials in this paper and analyze the differences of those mechanisms from the view point of circuitry to establish their respective circuit models.Finally,simulations are presented.We give the prospect of using different materials in resistive RAM on account of their resistive switching mechanisms,which are applied to explain their resistive switchings.

Discrete-Time Chaotic Circuits for Implementation of Tent Map and Bernoulli Map

Discrete-time chaotic circuit implementations of a tent map and a Bernoulli map using switched-current （SI） techniques are presented. The two circuits can be constructed with 16 MOSFET＇s and 2 capacitors. The simulations and experiments built with commercially available IC＇s for the circuits have demonstrated the validity of the circuit designs. The experiment results also indicate that the proposed circuits are integrable by a standard CMOS technology. The implementations are useful for studies and applications of chaos.