Reduction of current chopping noise with DSP controller in switched reluctance motor drive system

A novel current chopping mode was used in a switched reluctance motor drive system to make full use of the characteristics of digital signal processor (DSP) TMS320F240. The necessity of this 180° phase-shift current control (PSCC) mode is introduced first and then the principle of PSCC covering both hardware requirement and software programming is described in detail. The analysis made indicated that with this mode, the chopping frequency in winding can reach 20 kHz with 10 kHz power switches and the control frequency can reach 40 kHz at the same time. Subsequently, based on the linear and nonlinear mathematical models of the switched reluctance motor (SRM), some simulation work has been done. The simulation results show that when this mode is applied to SRM drive (SRD) system, the current waveform becomes better. So the ripple of the torque is reduced simultaneously and the vibration and acoustic noise are reduced involuntarily. Stationary tests show that the acoustic noise is greatly diminished. Finally, some experiments were made using a 50 kW SRD system for electric vehicle (EV). Experimental results indicate that this mode can be implemented feasibly and it has a good action on the SRD system.

Two Different Role Division Control Strategies for Torque and Axial Force of Conical Bearingless Switched Reluctance Motor

Although the five-degree-of-freedom magnetic levitation system composed of two conical bearingless switched reluctance motors(CBSRMs)owns the simplest structure,the torque and levitation forces are coupled greatly.Therefore,it is difficult to make the rotor rotate and be fully levitated simultaneously.To solve this problem,two different role division control strategies are proposed in this paper,i.e.individual role division and mutual role division control strategies.The difference between them is the selection of motor which controls the torque or the axial force.In order to understand the characteristics of control variables,the principle and mathematical model of CBSRM are introduced.After that,two control strategies are explained in detail.To verify the demonstrated performance,the simulations are completed with MATLAB/Simulink.

Sensorless Control of Switched Reluctance Motor Drive Systems

This paper presents a sliding mode observer for sensorless operation of SRM （switched reluctance motor） drive. Design of such an observer depends mainly on the nonlinear model of SRM. In this technique, neither extra hardware nor huge memory space are not required but it only requires active phase measurements. Furthermore, PI （proportional integral） and adaptive FLPI （fuzzy logic PI） controllers are suggested to operate individually along with the SMO （sliding mode observer） to cover a full speed range of sensorless controller. Both controller schemes operate in PWM （pulse width modulation） control mode. The proposed observer is implemented and tested using a digital signal processor. All results obtained with both simulation and experimental investigations corroborate the superior performance of the adaptive fuzzy logic controller （FLPI） when compared with those of PI controller.

Design andtwo-objective simultaneous optimization of torque controller for switched reluctance motor in electric vehicle

In order to reduce the torque ripple,increase the average torque and optimize the drive performance of the switched reluctance motor (SRM),the nonlinear dynamic model of SRM is established in the MATLAB /Simulink environment.The effects of the turn-on and turn-off angles are investigated by the simulation results of the dynamic model,and the function is made among the rotor speed,turn-on angle and turn-off angle.To optimize the torque dynamic performance,the two-objective simultaneous optimization function is proposed by two weight factors.And the optimized turn-on and turn-off angles as functions of rotor speed are developed by using the simultaneous optimization method.Then the optimized torque controller is designed based on the optimized turn-on and turn-off angles.The simulation results show that the optimized torque controller designed in this paper can effectively reduce the torque ripple and increase the average torque,and optimize the torque dynamic performance of the SRM.

Optimized Power Factor Correction for High Speed Switched Reluctance Motor

The Power Factor Correction(PFC)in Switched Reluctance(SR)motor is discussed in this article.The SR motors are applicable for multiple applications like electric vehicles,wind mills,machineries etc.The doubly salient structure of SR motor causes the occurrence of torque ripples,which affects the power factor of the motor.To improve the power quality,the power factor has to be corrected and the ripples have to be minimized.In order to achieve these objectives,a novel power factor correction(PFC)method is proposed in this work.Here,the conventional Diode Bridge Rectifier(DBR)is replaced by a Bridgeless Hybrid Resonant(HR)converter,which assists in improvising the output in a wider range.The converter is chosen because of having variety of beneficial measures including high gain.The converter’s output is fed to the SR motor by means of an asymmetric Bridge Resonant(BR)converter.The proposed converter operates in continuous mode of conduction with the switching frequency of 10 KHz.A hysteresis current controller and Proportional Integral(PI)controller are utilized for reducing the harmonics in the source current along with the regulation of output voltage.In addition,the speed control of SR motor is accomplished by means of the Whale Optimization Algorithm(WOA)assisted PI controller.The proposed methodology is effective for the control of unity power factor,torque and current ripples.The Total Harmonic Distortion(THD)of the source current is also minimized,which suits the standard of International Electrotechnical Comission IEC 61000-3-2.By this methodology,the power factor of 0.99 is achieved with 97%efficiency and 3.92%THD.The proposed methodology is validated in simulation by MATLAB and in hardware by FPGA Spartan 6E.

An Analytic Method of Segmented PWM Duty Cycle for Switched Reluctance Motor

In view of the large current peak and torque ripple in the actual current chopping control of switched reluctance motor,a segmented PWM duty cycle analysis method of switched reluctance motor based on current chopping control is proposed in this paper.The method realizes the control of the winding current by adjusting the average voltage of the two ends of the winding in one cycle through the PWM duty cycle.At the same time,according to the inductance linear model,the conduction phase is divided into a small inductance region and an inductance rising region,and the analytical formulas of PWM duty cycle in the two regions are deduced respectively.Finally,through matlab/simulink simulation and motor platform experiment,the current chopping control is compared with the segmented PWM duty cycle analysis method in this paper.Simulation and experimental results show that the segmented PWM duty cycle analysis method can effectively reduce the current peak and torque ripple,and has high practical application value.

ANFIS Based Space Vector Modulation-DTC for Switched Reluctance Motor Drive

Direct torque control (DTC) of Switched reluctance motor is known straightforward control structure with similar execution to that of field situated control strategies. In any case, the part of ideal determination of the voltage space vector is one of the weakest focuses in a routine DTC drive because of adjustable switching frequency and high torque ripple. In this paper, ideal choice of voltage space vectors is accomplished utilizing ANFIS (Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference System) with space vector Modulation. SVM-DTC gives consistent switching frequency and the proposed ANFIS controller’s structure manages the torque and stator flux error signals through the fuzzy deduction to get a yield that takes the type of space voltage vector. Simulation results accept the proposed evolutionary system with quick torque and flux reaction with minimized torque ripple and flux ripple.

Research on DTC System with Variable Flux for Switched Reluctance Motor

When switched reluctance motor(SRM)is in the status of the traditional direct torque control(DTC)system,due to the high saturation nonlinearity of the electromagnetic relationships of switched reluctance motors,the torque ripple and the stator phase current are larger.In order to resolve the above problems,through the analysis and deduction for SRM flux model and the influence of characteristics of flux and speed on torque ripple,this paper presents a variable-flux control strategy with the three closed-loop structure based on the critical flux supersaturated speed.And a DTC system of SRM with variable flux and three closed-loop is built up in Matlab/simulink.Moreover,the DSP hardware experiment platform based on the TMS320F2812 is established to validate the performance of the improved algorithm.The simulation and experimental results show that the new scheme has an obvious effect on torque ripple reduction,and the three-phase stator current is obviously reduced,which greatly reduces the stator winding copper consumption during the operation of SRM.Moreover,the improved system has good system stability.

Vector Control Strategy of a T-type Three-level Converter Driving a Switched Reluctance Motor

A novel 12 voltage vector control strategy for switched reluctance motors(SRM)with a T-type three-level converter is proposed in this study.Based on a causal analysis of torque ripple under the control of conventional six voltage vectors,six new voltage vectors are added for further reduction of torque ripple.An optimized control rule is adopted based on the division method of the 12 new voltage vectors.A zero-voltage vector is used to adjust the duration of the 12 voltage vectors,the time of which is varied at different parts of the vector sectors according to the torque error.In addition,the windings are connected in a delta configuration,therefore,the number of connections between the converter and SRM is reduced.Finally,the results of MATLAB/Simulink and RT-LAB are presented to verify the validity of the proposed scheme.

H-infinity robust control technique for controlling the speed of switched reluctance motor

The switched reluctance motor （SRM） is applied in various industrial applications due to its profitable advantages. However, the robustness speed of SRM is one of the major drawbacks, which greatly affects the performance of motor. Thus, the aim of this paper is to control the speed of SRM using H-infinity control strategy. This H-infinity control technique is stronger against robustness. In the proposed speed controller, the rotor position of the SRM is applied to the controller. The speed variation of the rotor is determined from the reference speed and applied to the controller as input. Then, the speed variation and the corresponding sensitivity function are determined. The sensitivity function determination is based on the input weight of the controller. The weight adjustment process is repeated until a stable speed condition is achieved. Then, the output of the proposed control technique is compared with the existing control technique and the robustness is analyzed. Here, the existing control techniques considered are proportional- integral （PI） controller and fuzzy logic controller （FLC）- based PI gain tuning. The proposed control strategy is simulated in MATLAB working platform and the control performance is analyzed.

Electromagnetic modeling and control of switched reluctance motor using finite elements

This paper considered the implementation of a current control method for switched reluctance motors （SRMs） and presented a novel approach to the accurate online modeling of a three phase 6/4 SRM drive. A three phase 6/4 SRM is given theoretical calculation of inductance of the SRM model. The SRM was then tested in a Matlab/Simulink environment and numerically analyzed by using nonlinear 2D look-up tables created from its calculated flux linkage and static torque data. The simulation studied the hysteresis and voltage control strategies. The ideal waveform of stator current under the voltage-current condition and improved shape of rotor were proposed.

Speed-assigned Position Tracking Control of SRM With Adaptive Backstepping Control

A novel speed-assigned method is applied to the position tracking control of switched reluctance motor(SRM).A speed control freedom can be drawn into the position control through speed assignment. Adaptive backstepping control is used to design the position controller for the SRM. The accuracy of position tracking of the SRM can be enhanced with speed assignment. A disturbance observer is further designed to enhance the estimation accuracy of the unknown load torque. Simulation results certify that the design scheme is right and effective.

High Speed SRM Using Vector Control for Electric Vehicle

The high speed motor is effective to realize downsizing motor in an electric vehicle(EV).Switched Reluctance Motor(SRM)is possible to the high speed drive because the rotor structure has simple and robust.However,the vibration and the acoustic noise are large from the drive principle.Moreover,the conventional complicated current excitation results in the difficulty of the torque controller design.To overcome these problems,the vector control has been proposed for SRM drive.However,the vector control has not been applied to the SRM in the high speed drive.In this paper,the drive conditions such as switching frequency,bus voltage for driving the SRM in the high speed region are clarified.It is shown that the proposed SRM can be driven by the vector control in the high speed region and can realize low vibration.

FPGA Based Speed Control of SRM with Optimized Switching Angles by Self Tuning

The electromagnetic torque and speed in Switched Reluctance Motor (SRM) greatly depend on the excitation parametersi.e. turn-on angle, turn-off angle, dwell angle and magnitude of the phase currents of its phases. At lower speeds, a change in the current contributes the torque requirement which can be achieved either by voltage control (pulse width modulation) or instantaneous current control techniques. At high speeds, due to high back EMF, the regulation of current is crucial and achieved with the control of switching angles of phases. This type of control is referred as average torque control, where the torque is averaged over one stroke (2π/Nr). With constant dwell angle, advancing the phase angle influences the current into the phase winding at minimum inductance position. It has more time to get the current out of the phase winding before the rotor reaches the negative inductance slope. To maintain the speed of the motor at different load conditions, the turn-on and turn-off angles are adaptively varied. The change in dwell angle may be required where the turn-on and turn-off angle may not be sufficient to reach the required speed. In this paper, a new algorithm is proposed for self tuning of switching parameters of SRM. The proposed algorithm is simulated in MATLAB-Simulink and experimentally validated with Field Programmable Gated Array (FPGA) using MATLAB- system generator environment.

基于DSP的电动拖拉机开关磁阻电机双轮驱动系统

以TMS320LF2407 DSP控制器为核心,采用三相不对称半桥功率转换模块,以mos管为主开关器件,利用光电传感器检测电机位置和电机相电流,设计了一套电动农用拖拉机开关磁阻电机双轮驱动系统。实验结果表明:所设计的开关磁阻电机双轮驱动系统可以实现电动农用拖拉机运行过程中的差速控制,且系统运行比较稳定,提高了电动农用拖拉机的行驶性能。

基于DSP的开关磁阻电动机参数辨识技术

为解决在实际运行中开关磁阻电动机(SRM)存在轴承老化、定转子结构变形、温度变化、电磁噪声和电动机振动等随机因素引起的SRM模型参数与实际电动机参数不匹配的问题,提出一种SRM参数在线辨识方法。该方法将电感模型中因转子位置和磁饱和引起的电感变化定义为快速变化参数;对上述随机因素引起的电阻和电感变化定义为慢速变化参数,建模时引入递归最小二乘法(RLS)对上述参数进行辨识校正。搭建参数辨识的仿真模型和实验平台,并对位置估计进行了探究。仿真和实验结果表明,该参数在线辨识方法具有有效性,并且适用于SRM位置估计。

周向错角开关磁阻电机及其直接瞬时转矩控制

传统开关磁阻电机由于其双凸极定、转子铁心结构以及开关型供电方式会造成强转矩脉动。针对此问题,提出了一种新型低转矩脉动周向错角开关磁阻电机。结合电机结构介绍了其运行机理,并对绕组的电感特性和转矩出力进行了分析。该电机采用内-外双定子结构,转子上同时设置内凸极和外凸极,且内、外定子铁心之间以及转子内、外凸极之间在周向上均相互错开一定的角度。内定子极上绕有辅助绕组,可以在主绕组换相期间提供辅助转矩以补偿转矩跌落,从而降低转矩脉动。利用场路耦合联合仿真,分别构建了传统开关磁阻电机与周向错角开关磁阻电机的直接瞬时转矩控制系统,对比两者在匀速运行工况下的转矩脉动情况,结果表明相较于传统开关磁阻电机,周向错角开关磁阻电机的转矩脉动更小,具有良好的转矩脉动抑制效果。

基于滑模神经网络直接瞬时转矩控制的优化

针对开关磁阻电机在滞环控制策略中存在的较大转矩脉动问题,在传统直接瞬时转矩控制的基础上引入了反向传播(BP)神经网络控制策略,以转矩误差的平方为性能指标函数对直接瞬时转矩控制进行优化调整,抑制了电机在运行时的转矩脉动。进一步,在整体双闭环控制策略基础上,引入滑模控制对转速环节进行改进,提高了系统的响应速度和鲁棒性。最后,利用Matlab/Simulink对传统直接瞬时转矩控制和改进直接瞬时转矩控制进行仿真测试,验证了所提策略的有效性和可行性。

模糊自抗扰优化开关磁阻电机速度环控制策略

开关磁阻电机因其结构为双凸极造成转矩脉动过大,且该系统具有严重的非线性,给定转速变化大,负荷扰动大,为克服这个问题应用模糊自抗扰控制方法,结合开关磁阻电机特性和机械运动方程,建立开关磁阻电机双闭环系统仿真模型,转速环采用自抗扰控制技术并使用模糊控制对其参数实施整定,转矩环采用直接瞬时转矩控制,仿真对比得出,相较于传统PI控制,模糊自抗扰控制能够有效改善调速性能,降低转矩脉动,表现出良好的抗干扰能力。

基于DSP的开关磁阻电机磁链特性检测与神经网络建模

基于实测磁化曲线提出一种开关磁阻电机小波神经网络磁链模型。设计了基于DSP的开关磁阻电机磁链特性检测系统,在上位机中采用离散方法计算磁链值,获得不同角位置下的电机磁化曲线族;利用实测磁链特性建立神经网络模型,选择Mexican hat小波函数作为隐层激励函数,采用下降梯度法对网络进行训练以确定模型参数。仿真结果表明,所提出的开关磁阻电机小波神经网络磁链模型具有较小的误差和较强的泛化能力,对实现开关磁阻电机在线优化控制具有实际意义。