Establishment of cell clones with different metastatic potential from the metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma cell line MHCC97

AIM: To establish clone cells with different metastatic potential for the study of metastasis-related mechanisms. METHODS: Cloning procedure was performed on parental hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell line MHCC97, and biological characteristics of the target clones selected by in vivo screening were studied. RESULTS: Two clones with high (MHCC97-H) and low (MHCC97-L) metastatic potential were isolated from the parent cell line. Compared with MHCC97-L, MHCC97-H had smaller cell size (average cell diameter 43 microm vs 50 microm) and faster in vitro and in vivo growth rate (tumor cell doubling time was 34.2h vs 60.0h). The main ranges of chromosomes were 55-58 in MHCC97-H and 57-62 in MHCC97-L. Boyden chamber in vitro invasion assay demonstrated that the number of penetrating cells through the artificial basement membrane was (37.5 +/- 11.0) cells/field for MHCC97-H vs (17.7 +/- 6.3)/field for MHCC97-L. The proportions of cells in G0-G1 phase, S phase, and G2-M phase for MHCC97-H/MHCC97-L were 0.56/0.65, 0.28/0.25 and 0.16/0.10, respectively, as measured by flow cytometry. The serum AFP levels in nude mice 5wk after orthotopic implantation of tumor tissue were (246 +/- 66) microg.L(-1) for MHCC97-H and (91 +/- 66) microg.L(-1) for MHCC97-L. The pulmonary metastatic rate was 100% (10/10) vs 40% (4/10). CONCLUSION: Two clones of the same genetic background but with different biological behaviors were established, which could be valuable models for investigation on HCC metastasis.

Construction and characterization of an experimental ISCOMS-based hepatitis B polypeptide vaccine

AIM: To characterize the biochemical and immunological properties of an experimental ISCOMS vaccine prepared from a novel therapeutic polypeptide based on T cell epitopes of HBsAg, and a heptatis B-ISCOMS was prepared and investigated. METHODS: An immunostimulating complexes(ISCOMS)-based vaccine containing a novel therapeutic hepatitis B polypeptide was prepared by dialysis method, and its formation was visualized by electron microscopy and biochemically verified by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Amount of the peptide within ISCOMS was determined by Bradford assay, and specific CTL response was detected by ELISPOT assay. RESULTS: Typical cage-like structures of submicroparticle with a diameter of about 40nm were observed by electron microscopy. Results from Bradford assay showed that the level of peptide incorporation was about 0.33g.L(-1). At the paralleled position close to the sixth band of the molecular weight marker(3480kDa) a clear band was shown in SDS-PAGE analysis, indicating successful incorporation of polypeptide into ISCOMS. It is suggested that ISCOMS delivery system could efficiently improve the immunogenicity of polypeptide and elicit specific immune responses in vivo by the results of ELISPOT assay, which showed that IFN-gamma producing cells(specific CTL responses) were increased(spots of ISCOMS-treated group: 47+/-5, n =3; control group: 5+/-2, n =3). CONCLUSION: ISCOMS-based hepatitis B polypeptide vaccine is successfully constructed and it induces a higher CTL response compared with short polypeptides vaccine in vivo.

State of the HIV, Hepatitis B and C Virus Pandemic from 2003 to 2022 in Burkina Faso: Evolution of Prevalence Trends and Strategic Recommendations to Achieve the WHO’s Goal for Their Eradication by 2030

Background: The World Health Organization (WHO) has set a goal to eradicate or at least significantly reduce the prevalence the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B Virus (HBV) and Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) by 2030. The main objective was to provide an evolving overview of the prevalence of HIV, HBV and HCV infection between 2003 and 2022 in Burkina Faso. Methods: It was a retrospective cross-sectional study based on data from 2003 to 2022. The data were collected using information available in the databases of the HOSCO and CERBA laboratories and included all individuals who underwent HIV and/or HBV and/or HCV testing. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 20.0, EpiInfo 7, and R version 4.1.0. Results were considered statistically significant if p Results: The study recorded 7432 samples and the mean age of the subjects was 27.98 ± 8.50 years. During this period, the respective prevalence of HIV, HBV, and HCV were 4.66% (346/7432), 8.77% (582/6636) and 5.54% (322/5816). However, from 2003 to 2022, there was a significant decrease (P y=−1.75x+12.59;y=−0.24x+10.01and y=−0.11x+6.02, with “y” corresponding to prevalence and “x” to the years. Conclusion: Burkina Faso needs to rigorously apply prevention and control strategies recommended by the WHO by 2030.

HCV infection, B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and immunochemotherapy: Evidence and open questions

There is plenty of data confirming that hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a predisposing factor for a B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (B-NHL) outbreak, while relatively few reports have addressed the role of HCV in affecting B-NHL patients' outcome. HCV infection may influence the short-term outcome of B-NHL because of the emergence of severe hepatic toxicity (HT) during immunochemotherapy. Furthermore, the long term outcome of HCV-related liver disease and patients' quality of life will possibly be affected by Rituximab maintenance, multiple-lines of toxicity during chemotherapy and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. In this review, data dealing with aggressive and low-grade B-NHL were separately analyzed. The few retrospective papers reporting on aggressive B-NHL patients showed that HCV infection is a risk factor for the outbreak of severe HT during treatment. This adverse event not infrequently leads to the reduction of treatment density and intensity. Existing papers report that low-grade B-NHL patients with HCV infection may have a more widespread disease, more frequent relapses or a lower ORR compared to HCV-negative patients. Notwithstanding, there is no statistical evidence that the prognosis of HCV-positive patients is inferior to that of HCV-negative subjects. HCV-positive prospective studies and longer follow-up are necessary to ascertain if HCV-positive B-NHL patients have inferior outcomes and if there are long term sequels of immunochemotherapies on the progression of liver disease.

Hepatitis B surface antigen and hepatitis B core-related antigen kinetics after adding pegylated-interferon to nucleos(t)ids analogues in hepatitis B e antigen-negative patients

BACKGROUND Hepatitis B e antigen-negative chronic hepatitis B patients under nucleos(t)ids analogues(NAs)rarely achieve hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg)loss.AIM To evaluate if the addition of pegylated interferon(Peg-IFN)could decrease HBsAg and hepatitis B core-related antigen(HBcrAg)levels and increase HBsAg loss rate in patients under NAs therapy.METHODS Prospective,non-randomized,open-label trial evaluating the combination of Peg-IFN 180μg/week plus NAs during forty-eight weeks vs NAs in monotherapy.Hepatitis B e antigen-negative non-cirrhotic chronic hepatitis B patients of a tertiary hospital,under NAs therapy for at least 2 years and with undetectable viral load,were eligible.Patients with hepatitis C virus,hepatitis D virus or human immunodeficiency virus co-infection and liver transplanted patients were excluded.HBsAg and HBcrAg levels(log10 U/mL)were measured at baseline and during ninety-six weeks.HBsAg loss rate was evaluated in both groups.Adverse events were recorded in both groups.The kinetic of HBsAg for each treatment group was evaluated from baseline to weeks 24 and 48 by the slope of the HBsAg decline(log10 IU/mL/week)using a linear regression model.RESULTS Sixty-five patients were enrolled,61%receiving tenofovir and 33%entecavir.Thirty-six(55%)were included in Peg-IFN-NA group and 29(44%)in NA group.After matching by age and treatment duration,baseline HBsAg levels were comparable between groups(3.1 vs 3.2)(P=0.25).HBsAg levels at weeks 24,48 and 96 declined in Peg-IFN-NA group(-0.26,-0.40 and-0.44)and remained stable in NA group(-0.10,-0.10 and-0.10)(P<0.05).The slope of HBsAg decline in Peg-IFN-NA group(-0.02)was higher than in NA group(-0.00)(P=0.015).HBcrAg levels did not change.Eight(22%)patients discontinued Peg-IFN due to adverse events.The HBsAg loss was achieved in 3(8.3%)patients of the Peg-IFN-NA group and 0(0%)of the NA group.CONCLUSION The addition of Peg-IFN to NAs caused a greater and faster decrease of HBsAg levels compared to NA therapy.Side effects of Peg-IFN can limit its use in clinical practice.

Hepatitis C virus infection and insulin resistance

Approximately 170 million people worldwide are chronically infected with hepatitis C virus(HCV).Chronic HCV infection is the leading cause for the development of liver fibrosis,cirrhosis,hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)and is the primary cause for liver transplantation in the western world.Insulin resistance is one of the pathological features in patients with HCV infection and often leads to development of typeⅡdiabetes.Insulin resistance plays an important role in the development of various complications associated with HCV infection.Recent evidence indicates that HCV associated insulin resistance may result in hepatic fibrosis,steatosis,HCC and resistance to anti-viral treatment.Thus,HCV associated insulin resistance is a therapeutic target at any stage of HCV infection.HCV modulates normal cellular gene expression and interferes with the insulin signaling pathway.Various mechanisms have been proposed in regard to HCV mediated insulin resistance,involving up regulation of inflammatory cytokines,like tumor necrosis factor-α,phosphorylation of insulin-receptor substrate-1,Akt,up-regulation of gluconeogenic genes like glucose 6 phosphatase,phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 2,and accumulation of lipid droplets.In this review,we summarize the available information on how HCV infection interferes with insulin signaling pathways resulting in insulin resistance.

Practical approach in hepatitis b e antigen-negative individuals to identify treatment candidates

The natural history of chronic hepatitis B is characterized by different phases of infection,and patients may evolve from one phase to another or may revert to a previous phase.The hepatitis B e antigen(HBeAg)-negative form is the predominant infection worldwide,which consists of individuals with a range of viral replication and liver disease severity.Although alanine transaminase(ALT)remains the most accessible test available to clinicians for monitoring the liver disease status,further evaluations are required for some patients to assess if treatment is warranted.Guidance from practice guidelines together with thorough investigations and classifications of patients ensure recognition of who needs which level of care.This article aims to assist physicians in the assessment of HBeAgnegative individuals using liver biopsy or non-invasive tools such as hepatitis B s antigen quantification and transient elastography in addition to ALT and hepatitis B virus DNA,to identify who will remain stable,who will reactivate or at risk of disease progression hence will benefit from timely initiation of anti-viral therapy.

A Creation Model from the Gell-Mann Standard Model to the Creation of Bio Cells: Based on the Assumption of Homogeneous 5D Space-Time Universe

In this paper, we briefly go over the homogeneous 5D model field theory: from the 5D space-time inception, to its quantum field solutions given in terms of Higgs vacuum, filled with magnetic monopole bose fields of all energies. Then through the space dimension reduction projections, the Gell-Mann standard model was obtained as well as a quantum to Classical connection was made via introducing Bose distribution to the monopoles to obtain the Perelman entropy and Ricci Flow mappings. This provided us a picture to the creation of Astronomical objects, from galaxies to stars and planets. This method of splitting the monopole energy into ranges is extended to show that below the basic rest mass range of the electron and Quark, it still can be applied to explaining for the creation of the chemical elements periodic table. But perhaps the most interesting is in the lowest hundreds of Hz energy range, obtained from yet another 3 fold space symmetry breaking, into 2D × 1D, producing bio nitrogenous bases composed of 3 Carbon 12 in hexagon structures, due to preservation of the 1D monopole standing waves of this low frequencies. From that by imposing gauge changes the monopole states into DNA spectra. Since such spectra states retain the DLRO, it induces formation of charge carriers periodicity in a spherical bio cell.. It was then argued that due to cell’s surface proteins, the structure must contain partial filled VB, with “p” state hole density, and empty CB, separated from VB by a positive band gap. Such band structures resemble known HTC Cuprate ceramics. Since the HTC goes through a Superconductivity transition via the simultaneous bose exciton condensation, providing a Coulomb pressure, which reduces the band gap substantially, and induces the ODLRO transition of the hole density. The same obviously applies to the bio cells. Because of the near continuous exciton levels generated, a matching to the DNA spectra then can always occur by selective choices of proteins on the cell surface. Judging from a numerical study, we did years ago on YBCO, with doping. We found with a large enough VB hole density, the exciton induced superconducting gap can easily lead to Tc in the room temperature range. In fact by EMF excitation can increase the exciton pressure and trigger the ODLRO transition Tc upward. In fact, numerical results then suggest there do exist coherent EMF spectra from three key elements: Water, Carbon and Hydrogen, together with Oxygen, as studied over the years by numerous people, starting from Schrödinger to most recently Geesink.

On an Intriguing Invention Albert Einstein Made Which Has Gone Unnoticed Hitherto

We retrieve three mysterious sentences Albert Einstein wrote in the early years of his wondrous scientific career. We examine their implications and we suggest that they provide a surprising new basis for Quantum Physics as well as some enlightenment concerning the whereabouts of Dark energy.

Chinese Prescription Kangen-karyu as Potential Anti-Alzheimer’s Disease Therapeutic:Analyses of BACE1 and GSK-3βInhibitory Activities

Inhibition ofβ-site amyloid precursor protein-cleaving enzyme 1(BACE1)or glycogen synthase kinase-3β(GSK-3β)is estimated to be the central therapeutic approach for Alzheimer’s disease(AD).In this study,water extract of Kangenkaryu,its crude drug and chemical composition used in oriental medicine were evaluated regarding their BACE1 and GSK-3βinhibitory activities.Fluorescence resonance energy transfer was used to characterize the BACE1 inhibitory effect of Kangen-karyu,its crude drug and chemical composition.GSK-3βactivity was determined using the Kinase-Glo Luminescent Kinase Assay Platform.The water extract of Kangen-karyu inhibited BACE1 and GSK-3βin concentration-dependent manners when compared with reference drugs,quercetin and luteolin.Among six components of Kangen-karyu,the water extracts of Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix or Cyperi Rhizoma exhibited significant inhibitory effects on BACE1 and GSK-3β.Among the constituents of Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix extract,salvianolic acid C,salvianolic acid A,rosmarinic acid,and magnesium lithospermate B significantly inhibited BACE1.In addition,they inhibited GSK-3βwith an IC50 value range of 6.97 to 135.35μM.From these results,one of the effectiveness and its mechanisms of action of Kangen-karyu against AD may be the inhibition of BACE1 and GSK-3β,and one of the active ingredients of Kangen-karyu is Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix and its constituents.

Effect of bilobalide B on cholinergic hippocampal neurons exposed to cholesterol and apolipoprotein E4

BACKGROUND： Extracts of ginkgo biloba leaves have been reported to improve nerve function and activity in Alzheimer＇s disease, which is associated with reduced secretion of cholinergic neurotransmitter in hippocampal neurons. OBJECTIVE： To validate the protective effect of bilobalide B against in vitro injury of cholinergic neurons of the hippocampus induced by combined cholesterol and apoE4 DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： This randomized, controlled animal experiment was performed in the Pathology Laboratory, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from July 2003 to July 2006. MATERIALS： Neonatal Wistar rats, 1-day-old, both male and female, and mean body mass of 5 g were selected for this study. Cholesterol and apolipoprotein E4 （apoE4） were purchased from Sigma Company （USA）, bilobalide B was purchased from Tianjin Zhongyi Pharmaceutical Factory, batch number 20050312. METHODS： Hippocampal neurons were divided into three groups： a normal control group （routinely added media）, a model group （exposed to media containing 40 mg/L cholesterol and 30 mg/L apoE4 for 24 hours） and a bilobalide B group （exposed to media containing 160 mg/L bilobalide B for 16 hours, and then with addition of 40 mg/L cholesterol and 30 mg/L apoE4 for an additional 24 hours）. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： Levels of acetylcholine （ACh） and activity of acetylcholinesterase （ACHE） and choline acetyltransferase （CHAT） in hippocampal neurons were determined by microdosage hydroxylamine colorimetry, hydroxylamine colorimetry and radiological chemistry, respectively. RESULTS： The ACh level was significantly lower in the model group than that in the normal control group （P 〈 0.01）, while it was markedly higher in the bilobalide B group than in the model group （P 〈 0.05）. Activity of AChE was significantly decreased in the model group compared with the normal control group （P 〈 0.05）. However, there was no significant difference between the model group and the bilobalide B group （P 〉 0.05）. Activity of ChAT was significantly lower in the model group than in the normal control group （P 〈 0.01）, while the activity was significantly higher in the bilobalide B group than in the model group （P 〈 0.05）. CONCLUSION： Bilobalide B can enhance the ACh level of hippocampal neurons damaged by combined cholesterol and apoE4, by promoting the synthesis, but not the degradation, of ACh.

Hepatitis E virus chimeric DNA vaccine elicits immunologic response in mice

AIM： To construct the plasmid pcHEV23 containing fragments of HEV ORF2 and ORF3 chimeric gene and to assess its ability to elicit specific immunologic response in mice. METHODS： The gene encoding the structural protein of HEV ORF2 fragment and full-length ORF3 was amplified by PCR. The PCR products were cloned into an eucaryotic expression plasmid pcDNA3. The resulting plasmid pcHEV23 was used as a DNA vaccine to inoculate BALB/c mice intramuscularly thrice at a dose of 100 or 200 ug. Mice injected with empty pcDNA3 DNA or saline served as control and then specific immune responses in the mice were detected. RESULTS： After 2-3 times of inoculation, all mice injected with pcHEV23 had anti-HEV IgG seroconversion and specific T lymphocyte proliferation. The lymphocyte stimulation index in the group immunized with pcHEV23 （3.1＋0.49） was higher than that in the control group （0.787±0.12, P〈0.01）. None in the control group had a detectable level of anti-HEV IgG. CONCLUSION： DNA vaccine containing HEV ORF2 and ORF3 chimeric gene can successfully induce specific humoral and cellular immune response in mice.

Interactions of chemical carcinogens and genetic variation in hepatocellular carcinoma

In the etiology of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), in addition to hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus infections, chemical carcinogens also play important roles. For example, aflatoxin B 1 (AFB 1 ) epoxide reacts with guanine in DNA and can lead to genetic changes. In HCC, the tumor suppressor gene p53 codon 249 mutation is associated with AFB 1 exposure and mutations in the K -ras oncogene are related to vinyl chloride exposure. Numerous genetic alterations accumulate during the process of hepatocarcinogenesis. Chemical carcinogen DNA-adduct formation is the basis for these genetic changes and also a molecular marker which reflects exposure level and biological effects. Metabolism of chemical carcinogens, including their activation and detoxification, also plays a key role in chemical hepatocarcinogenesis. Cytochrome p450 enzymes, N -acetyltransferases and glutathione S -transferases are involved in activating and detoxifying chemical carcinogens. These enzymes are polymorphic and genetic variation influences biological response to chemical carcinogens. This genetic variation has been postulated to influence the variability in risk for HCC observed both within and across populations. Ongoing studies seek to fully understand the mechanisms by which genetic variation in response to chemical carcinogens impacts on HCC risk.

基于C/S与B/S混合模式的ZX-EIS设计与实现

从企业的实际需求出发,根据现代企业的信息化目标,应用三层C/S和三层B/S混合模式,设计了ZX-EIS(ZhongXiangEnterpriseInformationSystem,简称ZX-EIS)信息系统的网络结构、总体架构、功能模块。讨论了混合模式在ZX-EIS中的应用和实现,并对ZX-EIS中关键技术的实现做了详细的介绍。

Clinical characteristics and outcome of a cohort of 101 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma

AIM: To conduct a cohort study of 101 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) presenting to a tertiary care medical referral center in Germany between 1997 and 1999. METHODS AND RESULTS: Data were retrospectively analyzed by chart review. In 95 cases (72 males and 23 females) sufficient data were available for analysis. Twenty five (29%) of 85 patients were HBsAg or anti HBc positive, 21/85 (25%) were anti HCV positive, and 6/85 (7%) were positive for both HBV and HCV-markers. Age was significantly lower in HBV positive patients than in the other two groups. Thirty one (34%) of 90 patients had histories of alcohol abuse. In 79/94 (84%) patients, cirrhosis was diagnosed. Of these cirrhotic patients, 29/79 (37%) belonged to Child Pugh's group (CHILD) A, 32/79 (40%) to CHILD B, and 18/79 (23%) to CHILD C. AFP was elevated in 61/91 (67%) patients. A single tumor nodule was found in 38/94 (40%), more than one nodule in 31/94 (34%), and 25/94 (26%) had a diffusely infiltrating tumor, i.e. the tumor margins could not be seen on imaging procedures. Portal vein thrombosis was present in 19/94 (20%). Imaging data consistent with lymph node metastases were found in 10/92 (11%), while distant metastases were found in 8/93 (9%). According to Okuda 28/94 (30%) were grouped to stage I, 53/94 (56%) were grouped to stage II, and 13/94 (14%) were grouped to stage II. Survival data were available for 83 patients. The Kaplan-Meier estimate for median survival was 8 4 months. Factors influencing survival were the Okuda score, the presence of portal vein thrombosis, and the presence of ascites. The presence of non complicated liver cirrhosis by itself, distant metastases, or infection with hepatitis viruses did not influence survival. AFP positivity by itself did not influence survival, though patients with an AFP value greater than 100 microg/L did experience shortened survival. Treatment besides tamoxifen or supportive care was associated with prolonged survival. The influence of therapy on survival was most pronounced in Okuda stage II patients. There was longer survival in those Okuda stage II patients who were treated with percutaneous ethanol injection. CONCLUSION: Even in a low incidence area such as Germany, the majority of HCC is caused by viral hepatitis and therefore potentially preventable. Reflecting the high proportion of advanced stage tumors in our patients, the median survival was poor. Patients who received active therapy had a longer survival.

Environmental Toxicity and Antimicrobial Efficiency of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles in Suspension

The aim of this work was to evaluate the photokilling efficiency of synthesized titanium dioxide nanoparticles in suspension. Two strains of Escherichia coli, Lactobacillus casei rhamnosus and Staphylococcus aureus were used as probes to test the photokilling activities of the nanoparticles. The toxicity effects of TiO2 nanoparticles on the environment were determined by a standard test using gram-negative bioluminescent bacteria Vibrio fischeri. The antimicrobial activity of these nanoparticles (NPs) was then investigated versus NPs concentration, UV irradiation time and micro- organism strains. We evaluated the LC50 values of the nanoparticles suspension by counting the Colony-Forming Units. Results highlighted the differences in bacteria sensitivity facing photokilling treatment induced by the irradiation of anatase TiO2 nanoparticles suspension. At the concentration of 1 g·L-1 TiO2, tested bacteria were killed after 30 minutes of photo-treatment. Using different TiO2 concentrations, the Staphylococcus aureus gram-positive/catalase-positive bacteria were more resistant than gram-negative/catalase-positive ones or gram-positive/catalase-negative bacteria. An effect of UV irradiation was evaluated by the quantification of hydrogen peroxide generated by the photolysis of water molecules in presence of the nanoparticles with or without the most resistant bacterium (S. aureus). After 30 minutes with UV irradiation in these two conditions, the concentration of hydrogen peroxide was 35 μM in presence of 1.2 g·L-1 TiO2 suspension. This result suggested that the resistance mechanism of S. aureus was not due to an extracelullar H2O2 enzymatic degradation.

Association between inherited monogenic liver disorders and chronic hepatitis C

AIM:To determine the frequencies of mutations that cause inherited monogenic liver disorders in patients with chronic hepatitis C. METHODS:This study included 86 patients with chronic hepatitis C(55 men, 31 women; mean age at diagnosis, 38.36 ± 14.52 years) who had undergone antiviral therapy comprising pegylated interferon and ribavirin. Viral load, biochemical parameter changes, and liver biopsy morphological data were evaluated in all patients. The control group comprised 271 unrelated individuals representing the general population of Latvia for mutation frequency calculations. The most frequent mutations that cause inherited liver disorders [gene(mutation): ATP7B(H1069Q), HFE(C282Y, H63D),UGT1A1(TA)7, and SERPINA1(PiZ)] were detected by polymerase chain reaction(PCR), bidirectional PCR allele-specific amplification, restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis, and sequencing. RESULTS: The viral genotype was detected in 80 of the 86 patients. Viral genotypes 1, 2, and 3 were present in 61(76%), 7(9%), and 12(15%) patients, respectively. Among all 86 patients, 50(58%) reached an early viral response and 70(81%) reached a sustained viral response. All 16 patients who did not reach a sustained viral response had viral genotype 1. Casecontrol analysis revealed a statistically significant difference in only the H1069Q mutation between patients and controls(patients, 0.057; controls, 0.012; odds ratio, 5.514; 95%CI: 1.119-29.827, P = 0.022). However, the H1069Q mutation was not associated with antiviral treatment outcomes or biochemical indices. The(TA) 7 mutation of the UGT1A1 gene was associated with decreased ferritin levels(beta regression coefficient =-295.7, P = 0.0087). CONCLUSION: Genetic mutations that cause inherited liver diseases in patients with hepatitis C should be studied in detail.

浅论WebGIS研究现状与发展趋势

网络地理信息系统(W ebGIS)是网络与地理信息系统技术的集成。文中总结了传统GIS与W ebGIS的优缺点,分析了W ebGIS的基本技术要求和其体系结构,探讨了W ebGIS的实现方法和发展趋势。

用PowerBuilder构建B/S模式或三层C/S模式的CI

结合校园网 CIS的实践 ,探讨了在电力企业和高校用 Power Builder构建的 B/ S模式或三层 C/ S模式的 CIS。给出了用 Power Builder构建 B/ S模式的 CIS的特点和作用机理 ,也给出了用 Power Builder构建的三层 C/ S模式的 CIS的特点和作用机理。并介绍了他们需要的配置及应用场合。

Thermal Expansion Behavior of Precursor-Derived Amorphous Si-C-N and Si-B-C-N Ceramics

Thermal expansion behaviors of some precursor-derived amorphous Si-C-N and Si-B-C-N ceramics, which were shaped by plastic forming after crosslink, were studied. To complete the shrinkage and densification, after thermolysis specimens were heat treated at a temperature of 1400℃ for 10 h in nitrogen atmosphere. The thermal expansion coefficient of VT50-derived amorphous Si-C-N ceramic increases from 1.98×10-6/K at 400℃ to 3.09×10-6/K at 1000℃, of NCP200-derived amorphous Si-C-N ceramic increases from 2.35×10-6/K at 400℃ to 3.45×10-6/K at 1000℃, and of T2-l-derived amorphous Si-B-C-N ceramic increases from 2.08×10-6/K at 400℃ to 3.18×10-6/K at 1000℃. No glass transition for these amorphous ceramic materials was detected, indicating that as-thermolyzed precursor-derived Si-(B-)C-N ceramic materials are amorphous solids, but not glasses.