Determination of Sym-triazine Residues in Animal-derived Food by Liquid Chromatography-High Resolution Mass Spectrometry

[Objective]The research aimed to establish a liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry for detecting residues of diclazuril,toltrazuril and its metabolites in animal-derived food.[Method]The samples were pre-treated by QuEChERS technology and detected by Exactive liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry.The liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry for detecting the residues of diclazuril,toltrazuril,toltrazuril sulfone and toltrazuril sulfoxide in animal-derived food was established.[Result]Diclazuril,toltrazuril,toltrazuril sulfone and toltrazuril sulfoxide showed a good linear correlation in the range of 2.0-50.0μg/L（r^2〉0.99）.The average recoveries of these four compounds in bovine power at the spiked levels of 2,10 and 20μg/kg were 74.5%-90.1%,and the relative standard deviations（RSD）were 15.4%-17.5%.[Conclusion]This method was stable and reliable,and could be used to detect diclazuril,toltrazuril,toltrazuril sulfone and toltrazuril sulfoxide in animal-derived food.

Lithium-based ionic liquids as novel lubricant additives for multiply alkylated cyclopentanes(MACs)

Two lithium-based ionic liquids(ILs,L-C3N3,and L-P3N3)were synthesized and evaluated as novel lubricant additives for multiply alkylated cyclopentanes(MACs).They were found to be approximately 1.0%soluble in MACs at room temperature(RT),whereas traditional ILs,such as 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate(L-B102),1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate(L-P106),and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide(L-F102),could not be dissolved in this base oil.Friction tests indicated that these ILs exhibit excellent friction-reducing and anti-wear properties both at RT and at 100°C.They can improve the tribological properties of MACs at RT to a greater extent than the commonly used lubricant zinc dialkyldithiophosphate(T204),even at a concentration of 0.1%.The load ramp test showed that MACs with L-C3N3 and L-P3N3 also exhibit high load-carrying capabilities.Scanning electron microscope(SEM)and X-ray photoelectron spectrometer(XPS)results indicated that physical adsorption and complex tribochemical reactions occurred between the ILs and metal surfaces during the sliding process,thereby forming a surface protective film that significantly contributed to the excellent tribological properties of the new ILs.