Objective To study the relationship of abortion and the expression of indoleamine 2, 3- dioxygenase （IDO） in villus and syncytiotrophoblast in vitro. Methods RT-PCR was applied to analyze the mRNA transcription of l...Objective To study the relationship of abortion and the expression of indoleamine 2, 3- dioxygenase （IDO） in villus and syncytiotrophoblast in vitro. Methods RT-PCR was applied to analyze the mRNA transcription of lDO in villus of normal pregnancy and inevitable abortion and JAR cells as well. Immunohistochemistry was applied to analyze the expression of IDO protein in villus. Western blot was applied to determinate the expression of IDO protein on cultured syncytiotrophoblast. Highperformance liquid chromatography was applied to determinate whether there was kynurenine in cell culture medium of syncytiotrophoblast. Results The expression of IDO mRNA and protein in villus of inevitable abortion was lower than that of normal pregnancy; IDO mRNA did not express in JAR cells. IDO protein expressed on cultured syncytiotrophoblast, and there was kynurenine in cell culture medium of syncytiotrophoblast. Conclusion Appropriate expression of IDO in villus is necessary.for maintenance of normal pregnancy and an active IDO protein expresses in syncytiotrophoblast.展开更多
The syncytiotrophoblast,a fused single-cell layer between mother and fetus,constitutively releases extracellular vesicles(STBEV)directly into the maternal circulation.STBEV contain a variety of proteins and RNA which ...The syncytiotrophoblast,a fused single-cell layer between mother and fetus,constitutively releases extracellular vesicles(STBEV)directly into the maternal circulation.STBEV contain a variety of proteins and RNA which can be targeted to specific cells.In preeclampsia,asymptomatic placental oxidative stress is a precursor to later multi-organ dysfunction in the mother.Increased STBEV release in preeclampsia is considered a manifestation of syncytiotrophoblast stress,which may play a key role in signaling between fetus and mother.STBEV release in preeclampsia changes,both in terms of volume and content.In this review,we outline the latest advances in STBEV isolation and detection.We consider evidence for differential STBEV release,protein cargo and RNA content in preeclampsia,highlighting common pitfalls in study design.We summarise studies to date demonstrating STBEV actions on target cells.Ultimately,we consider how STBEV fit into the pathophysiology of the heterogeneous syndrome of preeclampsia.The key unifying concept in early-and late-onset preeclampsia is syncytiotrophoblast stress.We submit that STBEV are the key stress signal in preeclampsia.We believe that further investigation of STBEV release,content,and actions may offer valuable insights into preeclampsia pathophysiology and potential new clinical diagnostics and therapeutic targets.展开更多
文摘Objective To study the relationship of abortion and the expression of indoleamine 2, 3- dioxygenase （IDO） in villus and syncytiotrophoblast in vitro. Methods RT-PCR was applied to analyze the mRNA transcription of lDO in villus of normal pregnancy and inevitable abortion and JAR cells as well. Immunohistochemistry was applied to analyze the expression of IDO protein in villus. Western blot was applied to determinate the expression of IDO protein on cultured syncytiotrophoblast. Highperformance liquid chromatography was applied to determinate whether there was kynurenine in cell culture medium of syncytiotrophoblast. Results The expression of IDO mRNA and protein in villus of inevitable abortion was lower than that of normal pregnancy; IDO mRNA did not express in JAR cells. IDO protein expressed on cultured syncytiotrophoblast, and there was kynurenine in cell culture medium of syncytiotrophoblast. Conclusion Appropriate expression of IDO in villus is necessary.for maintenance of normal pregnancy and an active IDO protein expresses in syncytiotrophoblast.
基金William R.Cooke receives a doctoral training fellowship from the Wellcome Trust。
文摘The syncytiotrophoblast,a fused single-cell layer between mother and fetus,constitutively releases extracellular vesicles(STBEV)directly into the maternal circulation.STBEV contain a variety of proteins and RNA which can be targeted to specific cells.In preeclampsia,asymptomatic placental oxidative stress is a precursor to later multi-organ dysfunction in the mother.Increased STBEV release in preeclampsia is considered a manifestation of syncytiotrophoblast stress,which may play a key role in signaling between fetus and mother.STBEV release in preeclampsia changes,both in terms of volume and content.In this review,we outline the latest advances in STBEV isolation and detection.We consider evidence for differential STBEV release,protein cargo and RNA content in preeclampsia,highlighting common pitfalls in study design.We summarise studies to date demonstrating STBEV actions on target cells.Ultimately,we consider how STBEV fit into the pathophysiology of the heterogeneous syndrome of preeclampsia.The key unifying concept in early-and late-onset preeclampsia is syncytiotrophoblast stress.We submit that STBEV are the key stress signal in preeclampsia.We believe that further investigation of STBEV release,content,and actions may offer valuable insights into preeclampsia pathophysiology and potential new clinical diagnostics and therapeutic targets.
