The rhetorical structure of abstracts has been a widely discussed topic, as it can greatly enhance the abstract writing skills of second-language writers. This study aims to provide guidance on the syntactic features ...The rhetorical structure of abstracts has been a widely discussed topic, as it can greatly enhance the abstract writing skills of second-language writers. This study aims to provide guidance on the syntactic features that L2 learners can employ, as well as suggest which features they should focus on in English academic writing. To achieve this, all samples were analyzed for rhetorical moves using Hyland’s five-rhetorical move model. Additionally, all sentences were evaluated for syntactic complexity, considering measures such as global, clausal and phrasal complexity. The findings reveal that expert writers exhibit a more balanced use of syntactic complexity across moves, effectively fulfilling the rhetorical objectives of abstracts. On the other hand, MA students tend to rely excessively on embedded structures and dependent clauses in an attempt to increase complexity. The implications of these findings for academic writing research, pedagogy, and assessment are thoroughly discussed.展开更多
In this paper, we propose the receiver structure for Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) Interleaved Single Carrier-Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) where the Frequency Domain Equalization (FDE) is first...In this paper, we propose the receiver structure for Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) Interleaved Single Carrier-Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) where the Frequency Domain Equalization (FDE) is firstly done for obtaining the tentative decision results and secondly using them the Inter-Symbol Interference (ISI) is cancelled by ISI canceller and then the Maximum Likelihood Detection (MLD) is used for separating the spatially multiplexed signals. Furthermore the output from MLD is fed back to ISI canceller repeatedly. In order to reduce the complexity, we replace the MLD by QR Decomposition with M-Algorithm (QRD-M) or Sphere Decoding (SD). Moreover, we add the soft output function to SD using Repeated Tree Search (RTS) algorithm to generate soft replica for ISI cancellation. We also refer to the Single Tree Search (STS) algorithm to further reduce the complexity of RTS. By examining the BER characteristics and the complexity reduction through computer simulations, we have verified the effectiveness of proposed receiver structure.展开更多
AIM: To study complement activation in 46 patients with alcoholic cirrhosis and ascites but no spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) and 10 healthy controls. METHODS: Complement activation was determined by the meas...AIM: To study complement activation in 46 patients with alcoholic cirrhosis and ascites but no spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) and 10 healthy controls. METHODS: Complement activation was determined by the measurement of soluble membrane attack complex (sMAC) concentrations in ascites and plasma. In patients, metabolic liver function was determined by the galactose elimination capacity and the clinical status assessed by the Model of End-Stage Liver Disease and Child-Pugh scores. RESULTS: Ascites sMAC levels were markedly higherthan in the corresponding plasma sample (median (range): 596 (170 - 1519) vs 160 (77 - 848) μg/L; P < 0.01). Ascites sMAC levels correlated positively with liver status. There was no relationship between ascites sMAC and leukocyte count. No relationship between ascites sMAC and blood C-reactive protein, albumin or neutrophile count was found. Plasma sMAC concentrations were slightly higher in patients than in controls [130 μg/L (70 - 204); P = 0.04]. Neither sMAC in ascites nor plasma was related to mortality. CONCLUSION: The increased sMAC concentration in ascites and plasma indicate an activation of the complement system in cirrhosis even in the absence of SBP. This was particularly evident in the peritoneal fluid and most marked in patients with preserved liver status. The high ascites sMAC levels may reflect transudation of membrane attack complexes from the liver. Whether this complement activation has any clinical implications remains to be clarified.展开更多
[Cu_(0.84)Au_(0.16)(PPh_3)_2(SC(Ph)NHPh)Cl]·0.5CS_2=,Mr=895.79,monoclinic,space group P2_1/a,a=17.231(3),b=14.611(2),c=18.000(3) ,β=105.56(2)°,V=4365(1) ~3, Z=4,D_c=1.37g/cm^3.,λ(MoK_α)=0.71073 ,μ=12.15c...[Cu_(0.84)Au_(0.16)(PPh_3)_2(SC(Ph)NHPh)Cl]·0.5CS_2=,Mr=895.79,monoclinic,space group P2_1/a,a=17.231(3),b=14.611(2),c=18.000(3) ,β=105.56(2)°,V=4365(1) ~3, Z=4,D_c=1.37g/cm^3.,λ(MoK_α)=0.71073 ,μ=12.15cm^(-1),F(000)=1855,R=0.052, R_W=0.045 for 3930 observed reflections with Ⅰ>1.5σ(Ⅰ).The central metal atom has a dis. torted tetrahedral geometry with bond lengths Cu-S=2.384(2) (Au-S=2.389(4)), Cu-Cl=2.481(3)(Au-Cl=2.474(1))and Cu-P=2.269(2)-2.289(2)(Au-P=2.270(4)-2.279(4)) .展开更多
This study examines the role of the syntactic complexity of the text in the reading comprehension skills of students.Utilizing the qualitative method of research,this paper used structured interview questions as the m...This study examines the role of the syntactic complexity of the text in the reading comprehension skills of students.Utilizing the qualitative method of research,this paper used structured interview questions as the main data-gathering instruments.English language teachers from Coral na Munti National High School were selected as the respondents of the study.Finding of the study suggests that the syntactic complexity of the text affects the reading comprehension of the students.Students found it challenging to understand the message that the author conveyed if he or she used a large number of phrases and clauses in one sentence.Furthermore,the complex sentence syntactic structure was deemed the most challenging for students to understand.To overcome said challenges in comprehending text,various reading intervention programs were utilized by teachers.These interventions include focused or targeted instruction and the implementation of the Project Dear,suggested by the Department of Education.These programs were proven to help students improve their comprehension as well as their knowledge in syntactical structure of sentences.This study underscores the importance of selecting appropriate reading materials and implementing suitable reading intervention programs to enhance students’comprehension skills.展开更多
The intramolecular process of Mg ( Ⅱ ) - , Sc ( Ⅲ ) - , Y ( Ⅲ ) - , In(Ⅲ)-and Pb ( Ⅱ )-trans-1,2-cyclohexanediaminetetraacetic acid (CyDTA) complexes was studied by the method of proton dynamic NMR(DNMR). The top...The intramolecular process of Mg ( Ⅱ ) - , Sc ( Ⅲ ) - , Y ( Ⅲ ) - , In(Ⅲ)-and Pb ( Ⅱ )-trans-1,2-cyclohexanediaminetetraacetic acid (CyDTA) complexes was studied by the method of proton dynamic NMR(DNMR). The top limit of. the experimental temperature range of deuterium oxide solutions was extended from 100℃ to 167 ℃ instead of the previous 100 ℃ by using sealed, thick-walled tubes to observe experimental phenomena further. It was found that another intramolecular process, i. e. B, R (Bonded State, Rotational State) conversion, exists in these complexes formed by polyaminepolycarboxylic ligands in addition to △,A conversion and nitrogen inversion. A quantitative treatment was proposed to estimate the relative populations of acetate groups in B and R states.展开更多
文摘The rhetorical structure of abstracts has been a widely discussed topic, as it can greatly enhance the abstract writing skills of second-language writers. This study aims to provide guidance on the syntactic features that L2 learners can employ, as well as suggest which features they should focus on in English academic writing. To achieve this, all samples were analyzed for rhetorical moves using Hyland’s five-rhetorical move model. Additionally, all sentences were evaluated for syntactic complexity, considering measures such as global, clausal and phrasal complexity. The findings reveal that expert writers exhibit a more balanced use of syntactic complexity across moves, effectively fulfilling the rhetorical objectives of abstracts. On the other hand, MA students tend to rely excessively on embedded structures and dependent clauses in an attempt to increase complexity. The implications of these findings for academic writing research, pedagogy, and assessment are thoroughly discussed.
文摘In this paper, we propose the receiver structure for Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) Interleaved Single Carrier-Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) where the Frequency Domain Equalization (FDE) is firstly done for obtaining the tentative decision results and secondly using them the Inter-Symbol Interference (ISI) is cancelled by ISI canceller and then the Maximum Likelihood Detection (MLD) is used for separating the spatially multiplexed signals. Furthermore the output from MLD is fed back to ISI canceller repeatedly. In order to reduce the complexity, we replace the MLD by QR Decomposition with M-Algorithm (QRD-M) or Sphere Decoding (SD). Moreover, we add the soft output function to SD using Repeated Tree Search (RTS) algorithm to generate soft replica for ISI cancellation. We also refer to the Single Tree Search (STS) algorithm to further reduce the complexity of RTS. By examining the BER characteristics and the complexity reduction through computer simulations, we have verified the effectiveness of proposed receiver structure.
基金Supported by grants from the Danish Medical Research Council
文摘AIM: To study complement activation in 46 patients with alcoholic cirrhosis and ascites but no spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) and 10 healthy controls. METHODS: Complement activation was determined by the measurement of soluble membrane attack complex (sMAC) concentrations in ascites and plasma. In patients, metabolic liver function was determined by the galactose elimination capacity and the clinical status assessed by the Model of End-Stage Liver Disease and Child-Pugh scores. RESULTS: Ascites sMAC levels were markedly higherthan in the corresponding plasma sample (median (range): 596 (170 - 1519) vs 160 (77 - 848) μg/L; P < 0.01). Ascites sMAC levels correlated positively with liver status. There was no relationship between ascites sMAC and leukocyte count. No relationship between ascites sMAC and blood C-reactive protein, albumin or neutrophile count was found. Plasma sMAC concentrations were slightly higher in patients than in controls [130 μg/L (70 - 204); P = 0.04]. Neither sMAC in ascites nor plasma was related to mortality. CONCLUSION: The increased sMAC concentration in ascites and plasma indicate an activation of the complement system in cirrhosis even in the absence of SBP. This was particularly evident in the peritoneal fluid and most marked in patients with preserved liver status. The high ascites sMAC levels may reflect transudation of membrane attack complexes from the liver. Whether this complement activation has any clinical implications remains to be clarified.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘[Cu_(0.84)Au_(0.16)(PPh_3)_2(SC(Ph)NHPh)Cl]·0.5CS_2=,Mr=895.79,monoclinic,space group P2_1/a,a=17.231(3),b=14.611(2),c=18.000(3) ,β=105.56(2)°,V=4365(1) ~3, Z=4,D_c=1.37g/cm^3.,λ(MoK_α)=0.71073 ,μ=12.15cm^(-1),F(000)=1855,R=0.052, R_W=0.045 for 3930 observed reflections with Ⅰ>1.5σ(Ⅰ).The central metal atom has a dis. torted tetrahedral geometry with bond lengths Cu-S=2.384(2) (Au-S=2.389(4)), Cu-Cl=2.481(3)(Au-Cl=2.474(1))and Cu-P=2.269(2)-2.289(2)(Au-P=2.270(4)-2.279(4)) .
文摘This study examines the role of the syntactic complexity of the text in the reading comprehension skills of students.Utilizing the qualitative method of research,this paper used structured interview questions as the main data-gathering instruments.English language teachers from Coral na Munti National High School were selected as the respondents of the study.Finding of the study suggests that the syntactic complexity of the text affects the reading comprehension of the students.Students found it challenging to understand the message that the author conveyed if he or she used a large number of phrases and clauses in one sentence.Furthermore,the complex sentence syntactic structure was deemed the most challenging for students to understand.To overcome said challenges in comprehending text,various reading intervention programs were utilized by teachers.These interventions include focused or targeted instruction and the implementation of the Project Dear,suggested by the Department of Education.These programs were proven to help students improve their comprehension as well as their knowledge in syntactical structure of sentences.This study underscores the importance of selecting appropriate reading materials and implementing suitable reading intervention programs to enhance students’comprehension skills.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘The intramolecular process of Mg ( Ⅱ ) - , Sc ( Ⅲ ) - , Y ( Ⅲ ) - , In(Ⅲ)-and Pb ( Ⅱ )-trans-1,2-cyclohexanediaminetetraacetic acid (CyDTA) complexes was studied by the method of proton dynamic NMR(DNMR). The top limit of. the experimental temperature range of deuterium oxide solutions was extended from 100℃ to 167 ℃ instead of the previous 100 ℃ by using sealed, thick-walled tubes to observe experimental phenomena further. It was found that another intramolecular process, i. e. B, R (Bonded State, Rotational State) conversion, exists in these complexes formed by polyaminepolycarboxylic ligands in addition to △,A conversion and nitrogen inversion. A quantitative treatment was proposed to estimate the relative populations of acetate groups in B and R states.
